초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
본 연구에서는 LED를 참외재배에 적용하여 참외의 생육과 반응을 조사하였고, 참외 및 시설 재배에 적합한 LED 등기구를 개발하고, 이 등기구를 활용하여 주변 광환경의 변화에 대응이 가능한 광환경 제어 시스템을 구현하였음. 그리고 농가실증시험을 통해 유익한 광질과 광량의 조사방법을 확인하고, 참외의 안정적인 생산을 위한 LED 적용 방안과 효용성을 확인하였음
가. 다양한 농업용 LED 조명 등기구의 개발
ㆍ Bar형 LED, Growth Chamber, 반구형 아크릴 LED 등기구, Bulb형, P

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
본 연구에서는 LED를 참외재배에 적용하여 참외의 생육과 반응을 조사하였고, 참외 및 시설 재배에 적합한 LED 등기구를 개발하고, 이 등기구를 활용하여 주변 광환경의 변화에 대응이 가능한 광환경 제어 시스템을 구현하였음. 그리고 농가실증시험을 통해 유익한 광질과 광량의 조사방법을 확인하고, 참외의 안정적인 생산을 위한 LED 적용 방안과 효용성을 확인하였음
가. 다양한 농업용 LED 조명 등기구의 개발
ㆍ Bar형 LED, Growth Chamber, 반구형 아크릴 LED 등기구, Bulb형, Panel형 등 다양한 농업용 LED 등기구를 개발하였고, 식물재배 전용 LED Array 제작, 전원 공급 장치의 시제품 제작, 방열·방습 등 식물재배를 위한 시설에 적합한 등기구의 하우징 개발 등을 수행하여 농업에 LED 적용을 위한 원천 기술을 확보하였음
나. 통합형 LED 생장 환경 제어 시스템의 개발
ㆍ 최적의 광환경을 제공하기 위한 광환경 제어 시스템뿐만 아니라, 일반적으로 식물에 필요한 생장환경요소까지 모니터링하고 제어하기 위한 시스템으로의 확대 개발을 수행하였음.
작물의 재배 및 생장 환경의 체계적 관리를 위한 시스템 설계, 식물의 재배를 위한 광환경 및 생장 환경 데이터의 표준화, 센서 네트워크 설계, 광환경 검출 센서 및 생장환경센서 개발, 센서노드 및 제어기기 개발, 통합 광환경 제어시스템 응용 소프트웨어 개발을 수행하여, 향후 노동력 절감을 통한 생산비 감소와 고품질 농산물 생산이 가능할 것임
다. 참외 재배에 미치는 LED의 영향
ㆍ LED 처리로 참외의 묘소질 및 초기생육이 우수하고 암꽃 발생률이 많고 과중이 무겁고 상품수량이 증가하는 경향있음. 그러나 당도 등 품질은 큰 차이가 없었는데 이것은 생육 후기로 갈수록 LED 광량자가 감소하였기 때문으로 추정됨. 특히, 과채류의 경우 생육기간이 길고 영양생장 및 생식생장이 동시에 이루어지는 점과 생장상의 변화에 따른 영향을 검토하는 경우에는 광량자가 매우 중요한 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단됨.
ㆍ 참외 및 딸기 등의 과채류에 청색, 적색, 적외선을 비추어주면 생육이 촉진되고 암꽃 발생이 많아져 수량이 20% 정도 증가하는 경향있음. 또한 청색, 황색 및 자외선을 비추어주면 진딧물, 청벌레, 총채벌레, 노균병 등 병해충 발생이 감소하는 경향있음.
ㆍ 과피의 색도는 오히려 무처리구에서 우수한 경향있음. 시간별 처리에서는 참외의 생육은 3시간 및 6시간 처리구 공히 비슷한 경향을 보였고, 과피의 색도는 6시간 처리구에서 다소 우수하였으나, 상품수량은 3시간 처리구에서 다소 많았음. 이는 생육시기와 관련이 있는 것으로 추정되는데, 30분 처리구와 비교하면 참외 재배시 LED 처리는 고온기보다는 저온기에서 우수한 영향을 나타내는 것으로 판단됨.
ㆍ 광량에 따른 광합성량을 고려해 볼 때 광량이 광보상점인 250μ㏖ㆍm^-2ㆍs^-1이상이라야 효과가 있을 것이나, 일조가 부족한 기상조건에서는 흐린 날이나 비오는 날보다 LED 광량을 높이면 호흡으로 인한 소모를 다소 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있을 것으로 판단되므로 LED 광량과 처리시간 등에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단됨.
ㆍ 매일 4시간의 보광으로 광합성률을 증가시켜 참외의 생육 촉진 효과가 있었으나, 처리시간과 광량에 따라 효과의 차이가 있을 수 있음. 광합성에 효과적인 Red, Blue, Red+Blue혼합광은 최소광량을 광보상점 이상으로 보광을 해야 생육 촉진 효과가 있을 것으로 사료됨.
ㆍ UV를 처리가 과실 착색을 촉진시킨다고 알려져 있으나, 본 시험에서는 Red광 처리가 착색을 촉진시키는 것으로 나타나 이에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료됨

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. R&D results
In this study, the effects of LEDs on the growth and responses of oriental melons were investigated by applying the LEDs to the cultivation of oriental melons, and LED lighting fixtures optimized for oriental melon growth facilities were developed, while implementing a photo-enviro

Ⅳ. R&D results
In this study, the effects of LEDs on the growth and responses of oriental melons were investigated by applying the LEDs to the cultivation of oriental melons, and LED lighting fixtures optimized for oriental melon growth facilities were developed, while implementing a photo-environment control system that can cope with changes in nearby light environments using the lighting fixtures. In addition, the investigation methods required for the verification of optimal light quality and light amount, plus the application methods and usefulness of LEDs in terms of the stable production of oriental melons, were identified.
A. Development of diverse types of agricultural-purpose LED lighting fixtures
ㆍ A diverse types of agricultural-purpose LED lighting fixtures, such as bar-type, growth chamber-like, semi-circular acrylic, bulb-type, panel-type LED fixtures, and the like, were developed, while securing core technologies essential for the application of LEDs to the agricultural sector by performing the manufacturing of LED arrays designed only for the cultivation of plants, the manufacturing of power supply prototypes, and the development of housings for lighting facilities suitable for the cultivation of plants.
B. Development of an integrated LED-based growth environment control system
ㆍ The scope of development not only covered a photo-environment control system providing optimal light environments, but also covered a more general system that can monitor and control environmental factors required for the growth of plants. A reduction in production costs and the production of high-quality produce will be realized through a decrease in labor costs by performing system design appropriate for the cultivation of plants, the systematic management of cultivation and growth environments, the standardization of light environments and environmental growth data for the cultivation of plants, the design of sensor networks, the development of light environment detection sensors and environmental growth sensors, the development of sensor nodes and control units, and the development of applications for the integrated photo-environment system.
C. According to the results of this research, the impact of LEDs on the cultivation of oriental melons can be boiled down to the following:
ㆍ The application of LEDs resulted in an increase in the number of pistillate flowers, and the seeding quality, initial growth rates, weight, and quantity of the oriental melons. However, there was no significant difference in sugar content, and the reason why this was the case was assumed to be the gradual decrease in the number of photons emitted from the LEDs at later stages. In particular, it is thought that photons play a pivotal role if the impact of LEDs is reviewed in consideration of changes in the growth of oriental melons and the fact that fruits and vegetables require long development and growth periods and their vegetative growth and reproductive growth occur concurrently.
ㆍ Radiation of blue, red, and infrared light over fruits and vegetables, such as oriental melons and strawberries, tended to stimulate the growth and development of such fruits and vegetables, while increasing the quantity by about 20% as a result of an increase in the number of pistillate flowers. In addition, the number of aphids, moth larvae, and outbreaks of downy mildew tended to decrease when they were radiated by blue, yellow, and infrared light.
ㆍ However, the chromaticity of fruit skins in the non-radiated holes tended to outperform the radiated holes. The growth and development of oriental melons in hour-by-hour radiation conditions tended to be similar to those of 3-hour and 6-hour radiation holes, and the chromaticity of the fruit skins in the 6-hour radiation hole was slightly superior to other processing holes, but the biggest output was found in the 4-hour radiation hole. The can be down to the impact of radiation during growth and development periods. Compared with the 30-minute processing hole, it is thought that LED radiation has a bigger impact at low temperatures than at high temperatures.
ㆍ Given the volumes of photosynthates according to the amount of light, a significant impact of LEDs on the growth of oriental melons may take effect at a light compensation point higher than 250μ㏖ㆍm^-2ㆍs^-1. However, as it is assumed that an increase in the amount of LED light may lead to a slight reduction in respiratory consumption under insufficient sunlight conditions (cloudy or rainy days), further studies on the amount of LED light and radiation time are required.
ㆍ An increase in the amount of photosynthesis accelerated the growth of oriental melons as a result of four hours of supplemental lighting a day. However, the effects of supplemental lighting may vary depending on radiation time and the amount of light.
It is thought that such growth stimulation effects can only be achieved through the application of a minimum amount of supplemental lighting--mixed with red, blue, and red+blue light--higher than a light compensation point.
ㆍ Although UV radiation has been known to affect the coloration of fruits, this study found that it was red light radiation that caused the coloration of fruits. Therefore, it is thought that further studies on this issue are required.