[보고서]기능형 식물공장 재배 기술 확립을 위한 기초연구

오명민

[국가R&D연구보고서] 기능형 식물공장 재배 기술 확립을 위한 기초연구
Basic study for establishment of cultivation technique in functional plant factory 원문보기

보고서 정보
주관연구기관	충북대학교 Chungbuk National University
연구책임자	오명민
보고서유형	최종보고서
발행국가	대한민국
언어	한국어
발행년월	2017-05
과제시작연도	2016
주관부처	과학기술정보통신부 Ministry of Science and ICT
연구관리전문기관	한국연구재단 National Research Foundation of Korea
등록번호	TRKO201800005488
과제고유번호	1711036584
사업명	개인연구지원
DB 구축일자	2018-05-05
키워드	무기성분.파이토케미컬.환경 스트레스.케일.시금치.기능형 식물공장.수경재배.철분.아연.Minerals.Phytochemicals.Environmental stresses.Kale.Spinach Functional plant factories.Hydroponics.Iron.Zinc.
DOI	https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201800005488

초록 ▼

연구의 목적 및 내용
○ 기능형 식물공장에서 모델 작물로 재배되는 엽채류(케일, 시금치)의 무기성분과 파이토케미컬 간의 상호 관계 구명
- 엽채류(시금치, 케일)의 철분과 아연 함량 증가를 위한 양액의 적정 철분과 아연의 농도 선발
- 엽채류(시금치, 케일)에서 철분과 아연 함량의 증가가 파이토케미컬의 함량 변화에 미치는 영향 구명
- 케일에서 철분의 항상성 확인 및 기작 구명
- 일시적인 환경스트레스가 엽채류(케일)의 파이토케미컬 함량 변화에 미치는 영향 구명

연구결과
○ (1차년도) 케일과 시금치 유전자원의 무기성분 및 파이토케미컬 함량을 스크리닝하여 실험에 적합한 품종을 선정하였으며, 케일에서 수경재배를 통해 케일의 체내 철분을 증대시키려 하였지만 일정한 철분 함량이 유지되는 철 항상성을 확인하였으며, 환경스트레스 중 저온처리와 자외선(UV-A)가 케일의 파이토케미컬 함량을 증진시켰고 품종에 따라 반응이 다름을 확인하였으며, 환경제어를 위한 연구용 식물공장을 제작함
○ (2차년도) 케일과 시금치의 철 항상성을 다시 한 번 확인하고, 뿌리에 존재하는 제2철 환원효소의 억제 기작을 확인하였으며, 케일 체내 철분 함량 증진을 위해 단근처리를 통해 철분함량을 부분적으로 증진시켰으나 파이토케미컬 함량 변화를 확인하지 못하였으며, 수경재배 방법으로 시금치의 아연 함량을 증진시켰으며, 이를 통해 시금치의 파이토케미컬의 양적 및 질적 변화를 확인하였으며, 이산화탄소 농도를 높인 생장률 증가 조건에서 UV가 케일의 파이토케미컬 축적에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이어 연구용 식물공장에 이산화탄소 농도 조절을 위한 센서와 제어장치를 구축함
○ (3차년도) 케일의 철분 함량 증대를 위한 실용 기술을 개발하기 위해 자화된 철의 엽면시비와 개선된 단근처리 방법을 이용하여 철분 함량 증가에는 성공했으나, 체내의 파이토케미컬의 일관된 반응을 확인하지 못했으며, 케일에서 증가된 아연 함량은 파이토케미컬과 상관관계가 없음을 구명했고, 생장률 증가 조건에서 당 함량의 증가가 UV-A 처리에 따라 파이토케미컬 축적 도움을 준다는 것을 확인함

연구결과의 활용계획
○ 케일과 시금치 유전자원의 무기성분 및 파이토케미컬 스크리닝 결과는 영양적 기능적 품질 향상을 목적으로 하는 육종에 유용한 기초 정보로 사용 가능
○ 식물체 내의 무기성분과 유기성분인 파이토케미컬 간의 상호관계 규명을 통해 관련 연구 분야(농학, 식품영양학, 의학 등)에 새로운 정보 제공
○ 전 세계적인 트렌드로 자리 잡고 있는 식물공장의 산업화를 위한 고부가가치 식물자원 생산을 위한 재배기술 확립에 중요한 자료로 이용
○ 기존에 생산량 저하의 요인으로 인식되었던 환경 스트레스를 파이토케미컬 증진 자극원으로 사용가능함을 증명함으로써 환경제어를 통한 작물생산 분야에서 파이토케미컬을 증진을 위한 복합 환경제어기술의 새로운 패러다임을 제시함

(출처 : 한글요약문 4p)

Abstract ▼

Purpose& contents
○ Final goal is to evaluate relationship between minerals and phytochemicals in kale and spinach cultivated in functional plant factories
- determine Fe and Zn concentrations of nutrient solution for the improvements of Fe or Zn contents of the vegetables (spinach and kale)
- determine effects of increased Fe or Zn contents on the content of phytochemicals in leafy vegetables (spinach and kale)
- confirm Fe homeostasis and explore the underlying mechanism in kale and spinach
- determine effects of temporary environmental stress on accumulation of phytochemicals in kale

Result
○ (1st year) We conducted the screening on mineral and phytochemical contents of kale and spinach genetic resources and selected suitable cultivars for experiments based on the results of screening. We found that there is Fe homeostasis in kale. We noticed the potential of ultraviolet-A (UV-A) and low-temperature that positively affected the phytochemical contents of kale although there was an opposite response according to cultivar. A plant factory for research was established to control the environmental conditions.
○ (2nd year) We confirmed Fe homeostasis again in kale and spinach, and found a mechanism underlying Fe homeostasis. Based on these results, we attempted to increase Fe content of kale by cutting roots, but no change in accumulation of phytochemicals was observed. We confirmed that increased Zn content by adding Zn in nutrient solution causes the quantitative and qualitative changes of phytochemicals. We installed sensors and a device for CO₂ control and analyzed the effect of UV-A on phytochemical accumulation under increasing growth condition with elevated CO₂ level.
○ (3rd year) In order to develop a practical technique for enhancing the Fe content, we searched for a suitable method to increase Fe content by cutting roots and foliar fertilization of magnetized Fe solution, and confirmed that the that there is little correlation between increased Fe content and phytochemicals. Increased Zn content in kale has been also found to have no correlation with the content of phytochemicals. We found that increased content of primary metabolites under increasing growth condition contributes to accumulate phytochemicals by UV-A irradiation.

Expected Contribution
○ The results of screening on minerals and phytochemicals in kale and spinach can be used as useful information for breeding to improve nutritional and functional quality of kale and spinach.
○ It provides new information on relevant research fields (agricultural science, food and nutrition, medicine, etc.) through the identification of interactions between minerals and phytochemicals in plants.
○ It can be a cornerstone in establishing cultivation technology used in “functional plant factory” which is promoted as plant factory R&D by government.
○ The developed technology to increase mineral content will be available in farms growing vegetables from greenhouse using hydroponics, and it can also be applied to plant factories, transferring technology to related industries.
○ By constructing environmental control technology capable of accumulating phytochemicals, it can contribute to the establishment of mass production technology of high quality and high value crops in plant factories.

(출처 : SUMMARY 5p)

목차 Contents

표지 ... 1
목차 ... 2
연구계획 요약문 ... 3
연구결과 요약문 ... 4
한글요약문 ... 4
SUMMARY ... 5
연구내용 및 결과 ... 6
1. 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 6
2. 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 7
3. 연구수행 내용 및 결과 ... 8
4. 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 27
5. 연구결과의 활용계획 ... 32
6. 연구과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술정보 ... 32
7. 주관연구책임자 대표적 연구실적 ... 32
8. 참고문헌 ... 33
9. 연구성과 ... 34
10. 국가과학기술지식정보서비스에 등록한 연구시설‧장비 현황 ... 37
11. 연구개발과제 수행에 따른 연구실 등의 안전조치 이행실적 ... 37
12. 기타사항 ... 37
별첨1. 대 표 연 구 성 과 ... 38
별첨2. 세부 목표 관련 증빙 ... 51
끝페이지 ... 74

표/그림 (38)

표 Various species of spinach and kale plants grown in pots in the greenhouse (left) and fresh weight of shoots and roots of kale plants at 81 days of sowing

표 Total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity of kale plants at 81 days of sowing.

표 Fresh weight of shoot and root (left) and total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity (right) of spinach plants at 88 days of sowing.

표 Total phenolic concentration of kale (A) and spinach (B) plants subjected to UV-A LEDs (385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Antioxidant capacity of kale (A) and spinach (B) plants subjected to UV-A LEDs (385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots (A, C) and roots (B, D) and kale plants (E) subjected to various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting.

표 Total chlorophyll concentration (A) and Fv/Fm ratio (B) of kale grown under various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting. Significant at p=0.001 (n=4).

표 Total phenolic concentration (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale grown under various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting.

표 Mineral concentration of kale plants exposed various concentrations of Fe-EDTA at 4 weeks of treatment

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of two kale cultivars (‘Manchoo collard’ and ‘TBC’) right before low temperature treatment and at 2 days of recovery

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of kale plants before and 5 days of UV-A treatment

표 Fv/Fm of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A) and ‘TBC’ (B) kale plants subjected to 4℃ for 72 hours (n=6) and Fv/Fm value of Manchoo collard kale plants (C) subjected to two type of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A and B) and ‘TBC’ (C and D) subjected to low temperature for 3 days. The vertical bars indicate standard errors.

표 Total phenolic concentration (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale plants subjected to two types of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385 nm) for 5 days.

표 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A) and ‘TBC’ (B) subjected to 4℃ for 3 days and recovered for 2 days in normal growing conditions (n=5) and PAL activity of Manchoo collard kale plants subjected to two types of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385nm) for 5 days (n=4). The vertical bars indicate standard errors.

표 Contents of individual phenolic compounds in ‘Manchoo collard’ and ‘TBC’ at 2 days of recovery from low temperature stress at 4℃

표 DFT systems (left), height adjustable roller (middle), and kale plants (right) grown in the DFT system.

표 Ferric-chelate reductase activity (solid line) and Fe content (dotted line) in spinach (A) transferred from 2 weeks of culture in 2 μM of Fe-EDTA to 50 μM of Fe-EDTA and in kale (B) cultured in nutrientnsolution containing 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μM of Fe-EDTA for 4 weeks. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at p=0.05 (n=5).

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of kale plants grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA (25+RC, 50+RC, 100+RC) for 3, 6, and 9 days (n=5) (left) and microscopic observation on root recovery at 6 days of treatment in kale plants subjected to 50 μM (A) and 100 μM (B) (right).

표 Fe content in kale shoots grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA for 3, 6, and 9 days.

표 Total phenolic concentration in kale shoots grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA for 3, 6, and 9 days.

표 Contents of Zn (left) and total phenolics (right) in spinach shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 300 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Antioxidant capacity (left) and the contents of individual phenolic compounds (right) of spinach shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, and 100 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Specific leaf weight of kale plants (left) and Fv/Fm value of kale plants subjected to UV-A LEDs for 5 days (right).

표 Fresh (A, B) and dry (C, D) weights of shoots and roots of

표 Total phenolic concentration (A, B) and antioxidant capacity (C, D) of

표 A growth chamber equipped with a CO2 regulator.

표 Fe content in kale shoots subjected to three concentrations of Fe-EDTA solutions or magnetized Fe-EDTA solutions on leaf surface at 2 weeks of treatment.

표 Contents of total phenolics (A) and flavonoids (B) in kale shoots subjected to three concentrations of Fe-EDTA solutions or magnetized Fe-EDTA solutions on leaf surface at 2 weeks of treatment.

표 Fe content of kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Photosynthetic rate (A) and shoot fresh weight (B) kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Total phenolic content (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Fe content of kale shoots cultivated in nutrient solution containing 25, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA for 9 days after cutting roots (25-1, 100-1, 200-1), and Fe content of kale one more cut after 7 days of first root cutting at the second day (25-2, 100-2, 200-2).

표 Total phenolic content (left) and antioxidant capacity (right) in leaves of kale cultivated in nutrient solution containing 25, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA for 9 days after cutting roots (25-1, 100-1, 200-1), and Fe content of kale one more cut after 7 days of first root cutting at the second day

표 Zn content (left) and fresh weight (right) of shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 200 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Total phenolic content (left) and antioxidant capacity (right) in kale shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 300 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Content of total soluble sugar of kale plants subjected to high CO2 treatment.

표 Content of total soluble sugar of kale plants subjected to UV-A LEDs for 5 days.

표/그림 (38)

표 Various species of spinach and kale plants grown in pots in the greenhouse (left) and fresh weight of shoots and roots of kale plants at 81 days of sowing

표 Total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity of kale plants at 81 days of sowing.

표 Fresh weight of shoot and root (left) and total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity (right) of spinach plants at 88 days of sowing.

표 Total phenolic concentration of kale (A) and spinach (B) plants subjected to UV-A LEDs (385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Antioxidant capacity of kale (A) and spinach (B) plants subjected to UV-A LEDs (385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots (A, C) and roots (B, D) and kale plants (E) subjected to various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting.

표 Total chlorophyll concentration (A) and Fv/Fm ratio (B) of kale grown under various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting. Significant at p=0.001 (n=4).

표 Total phenolic concentration (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale grown under various Fe concentrations of nutrient solution at 4 weeks after transplanting.

표 Mineral concentration of kale plants exposed various concentrations of Fe-EDTA at 4 weeks of treatment

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of two kale cultivars (‘Manchoo collard’ and ‘TBC’) right before low temperature treatment and at 2 days of recovery

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of kale plants before and 5 days of UV-A treatment

표 Fv/Fm of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A) and ‘TBC’ (B) kale plants subjected to 4℃ for 72 hours (n=6) and Fv/Fm value of Manchoo collard kale plants (C) subjected to two type of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385 nm) for 5 days (n=4).

표 Total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A and B) and ‘TBC’ (C and D) subjected to low temperature for 3 days. The vertical bars indicate standard errors.

표 Total phenolic concentration (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale plants subjected to two types of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385 nm) for 5 days.

표 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity of ‘Manchoo collard’ (A) and ‘TBC’ (B) subjected to 4℃ for 3 days and recovered for 2 days in normal growing conditions (n=5) and PAL activity of Manchoo collard kale plants subjected to two types of UV-A LEDs (370 and 385nm) for 5 days (n=4). The vertical bars indicate standard errors.

표 Contents of individual phenolic compounds in ‘Manchoo collard’ and ‘TBC’ at 2 days of recovery from low temperature stress at 4℃

표 DFT systems (left), height adjustable roller (middle), and kale plants (right) grown in the DFT system.

표 Ferric-chelate reductase activity (solid line) and Fe content (dotted line) in spinach (A) transferred from 2 weeks of culture in 2 μM of Fe-EDTA to 50 μM of Fe-EDTA and in kale (B) cultured in nutrientnsolution containing 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μM of Fe-EDTA for 4 weeks. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at p=0.05 (n=5).

표 Fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of kale plants grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA (25+RC, 50+RC, 100+RC) for 3, 6, and 9 days (n=5) (left) and microscopic observation on root recovery at 6 days of treatment in kale plants subjected to 50 μM (A) and 100 μM (B) (right).

표 Fe content in kale shoots grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA for 3, 6, and 9 days.

표 Total phenolic concentration in kale shoots grown after root cutting in the nutrient solution containing 25, 50, and 100 μM Fe-EDTA for 3, 6, and 9 days.

표 Contents of Zn (left) and total phenolics (right) in spinach shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 300 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Antioxidant capacity (left) and the contents of individual phenolic compounds (right) of spinach shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, and 100 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Specific leaf weight of kale plants (left) and Fv/Fm value of kale plants subjected to UV-A LEDs for 5 days (right).

표 Fresh (A, B) and dry (C, D) weights of shoots and roots of

표 Total phenolic concentration (A, B) and antioxidant capacity (C, D) of

표 A growth chamber equipped with a CO2 regulator.

표 Fe content in kale shoots subjected to three concentrations of Fe-EDTA solutions or magnetized Fe-EDTA solutions on leaf surface at 2 weeks of treatment.

표 Contents of total phenolics (A) and flavonoids (B) in kale shoots subjected to three concentrations of Fe-EDTA solutions or magnetized Fe-EDTA solutions on leaf surface at 2 weeks of treatment.

표 Fe content of kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Photosynthetic rate (A) and shoot fresh weight (B) kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Total phenolic content (A) and antioxidant capacity (B) of kale shoots cultivated after cutting roots in nutrient solution containing 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA (T1, T2, T3, and T4) for 9 days.

표 Fe content of kale shoots cultivated in nutrient solution containing 25, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA for 9 days after cutting roots (25-1, 100-1, 200-1), and Fe content of kale one more cut after 7 days of first root cutting at the second day (25-2, 100-2, 200-2).

표 Total phenolic content (left) and antioxidant capacity (right) in leaves of kale cultivated in nutrient solution containing 25, 100, and 200 μM Fe-EDTA for 9 days after cutting roots (25-1, 100-1, 200-1), and Fe content of kale one more cut after 7 days of first root cutting at the second day

표 Zn content (left) and fresh weight (right) of shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 200 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Total phenolic content (left) and antioxidant capacity (right) in kale shoots grown in the nutrient solution containing 2, 10, 50, 100, and 300 μM Zn for 14 days.

표 Content of total soluble sugar of kale plants subjected to high CO2 treatment.

표 Content of total soluble sugar of kale plants subjected to UV-A LEDs for 5 days.

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참고문헌 (25)

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[국가R&D연구보고서] 기능형 식물공장 재배 기술 확립을 위한 기초연구
Basic study for establishment of cultivation technique in functional plant factory 원문보기

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[국가R&D연구보고서] 기능형 식물공장 재배 기술 확립을 위한 기초연구 Basic study for establishment of cultivation technique in functional plant factory 원문보기

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[국가R&D연구보고서] 기능형 식물공장 재배 기술 확립을 위한 기초연구
Basic study for establishment of cultivation technique in functional plant factory 원문보기

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