초록 ▼

○ 연구결과
1)배추의 유전체정보를 이용한 대량의 분자표지 개발 및 분자육종시스템 구축
-대량의 분자마커 발굴과 표준 고밀도 유전자 지도 작성
-통합형 분자마커 및 유전자지도 데이터베이스 구축
-목표형질과 관련하여 개발된 분자마커를 이용한 품종에서의 형질 진단 서비스
-유용 유전집단 탐색과 육성
-식물 육종을 위한 유용성분 정량 서비스
2)스트레스 저항성 분자마커 개발 및 국내외용 우수 품종 육성
-노균병 저항성 분자 마커 개발
-노균병 저항성 유전분석 집단 양성 및 가을배추 품종육성

○ 연구결과
1)배추의 유전체정보를 이용한 대량의 분자표지 개발 및 분자육종시스템 구축
-대량의 분자마커 발굴과 표준 고밀도 유전자 지도 작성
-통합형 분자마커 및 유전자지도 데이터베이스 구축
-목표형질과 관련하여 개발된 분자마커를 이용한 품종에서의 형질 진단 서비스
-유용 유전집단 탐색과 육성
-식물 육종을 위한 유용성분 정량 서비스
2)스트레스 저항성 분자마커 개발 및 국내외용 우수 품종 육성
-노균병 저항성 분자 마커 개발
-노균병 저항성 유전분석 집단 양성 및 가을배추 품종육성
-배추 뿌리혹병 저항성 마커 개발
-배추 뿌리혹병 저항성 유전분석 집단 양성 및 월동배추 품종육성
-내서성 분자마커 개발
-내서성 유전분석 집단양성 및 고랭지 여름배추 품종 개발
3)F1종자생산 관련 분자마커 개발 및 국내외용 우수품종 개발
-배추 개화 및 추대관련 마커 개발
-개화관련 유전분석 집단양성 및 수출용 봄배추 품종육성
-배추 웅성불임성 마커 개발
-웅성불임관련 유전집단 양성 및 수출용 직원통 품종육성

Abstract ▼

IV. Results and conclusion of the research
1-1. Development of High-throughput Molecular Markers
1) Construction of high-throughput molecular marker development system using Brassica rapa genome sequence
We developed in-silico molecular marker algorithm to establish a high-throughput molecu

IV. Results and conclusion of the research
1-1. Development of High-throughput Molecular Markers
1) Construction of high-throughput molecular marker development system using Brassica rapa genome sequence
We developed in-silico molecular marker algorithm to establish a high-throughput molecular marker system development. Molecular marker developed through the analysis scheme from the large amount of Chinese cabbage genome sequences.
By standardizing the protocol of SSR primers, we developed and introduced the software called 'SSR-Primer Generator', which was utilized to execute the standard analysis methods. Also this program was copyrighted in the Korea. Also gene ontology and primers were utilized to construct a database for developed gene specific markers.
2) High-throughput gene related molecular marker development
Expressed gene sequences (ESTs), BAC clone sequences, and Re-sequencing data were exploited to develop the markers, and several analyses and methods were carried out for SNP marker development.
3) High density genetic map construction using molecular markers and standard genetic populations
Following populations were used to construct a high density genetic map:
Recombinant Inbred Lines CKRI population, DH population which generated by microspore culture (CKDH), Cross combination of F2 population of wild type rapid cycle B. rapa with Chiffu (CRF2), Cross combination of F2 and F3 population of clubroot disease resistance and susceptible lines. Developed markers were tested with other Brassica family crops to find their existence, and carried out an allelic diversity validation for the Chinese cabbage genetic resources using functional gene related EST-SSR markers.
4) Functional screening of QTLs by high-density genetic maps for breeding Polymorphism validation by molecular markers, Construction of new high density genetic map, and QTL analysis were carried out for the important characteristics and flowering related traits in the generated cross combination F2 population of wild type rapid cycle B. rapa and Chiffu (CRF2). Genetic male-sterile markers were developed. Glucosinolate diversity, heading type and seed oil contents related genes were mapped in the genome of Chinese cabbage by QTL analysis. Also, the EST-wide microRNAs were identified and categorized by their target genes to find their importance in regulation. For production of large DH lines of Chinese cabbage, we developed and established method in a microspore culture technique.
SNPs markers were designed for targeting the clubroot resistance and flowering related traits in the Chinese cabbage.
5) Molecular marker service
We are offering developed molecular markers information and genotyping service to many research laboratories in Korea as well as other countries.
6) Contents of Collaboration with other research group
For efficiency of research and project development, Retrieved research results and annotated data were shared with collaborations. Molecular marker data sets and genotyping services are offering to other research groups as their need. Large collection of seeds and genetic populations also supplied to many research laboratories in world-wide. Generated genome sequence information, annotated variations and other analyzed data sets are providing to collaborated research groups.
7) Utilization of results to support human resources
Large amount of data sets were developed and standardized, it will be most useful material to support researchers and breeders of domestic Chinese cabbage molecular breeding. Besides, developed molecular markers especially related with specific genes, traits and their analysis would be a pave for the seed companies which molecular breeding technique is not established yet. Through this project many number of workers and students were trained and expertise on molecular breeding, now all are well placed at several seed companies, different research organizations, and Universities.
1-1_1. Study on the Chinese cabbage producers' using patterns, economic evaluation of a new variety of seed
The main results of this study are as follows. The producers thought the characteristics of a new variety of seed most important factor compared to other factors such as the seed price, and easiness of sales when they choose a seed. Also, the 65% of respondents were willing to accept a new variety of seed and thought the government support for an exhibition field and diffusing public information about a new variety of Chinese cabbage seed. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to pay for a significant amount(5,050 to 5,500 won), on truncated average, per pack of 2,000 seeds.
This willingness varies according to individual characteristics such as the plan of adopting a new variety of seed, educational level, planted area, and bidding price. Also, the main factor of producers' willingness to use a new variety of seed is the promotion of the new seed. Therefore, it is important for firms to provide a diverse information about the seed to producers in order to increase and enhance the competitiveness of producers.
1-1_2. Analysis of functional genes by using FL-cDNA Agrobacterium library of Brassica rapa In this study, 3,429 Express Sequence Tag (EST) sequences were generated from the full length cDNA library ofB.rapacv.Osomeandfunctionally annotated based on gene ontology (GO) hierarchy. This dataset contained 1,017 ESTs which were functionally annotated to stress responses and expression of randomly selected stress responsive genes (SRGs) was analyzed against abiotic stresses, such as cold, salt, drought, ABA, water and PEG. Responsible gene expression was observed and this indicates well clustering of ESTs. Thus, this EST dataset would be useful resource for discovering the potential genes related to stress resistance for Chinese cabbage and other Brassicaplantsaswell. In addition, we transferred the FL-cDNA Agrobacterium library into Arabidopsis and obtained 12 mutants showing retarded root growth. Then the induced genes were analyzed in the mutants and expected to use in further research related to root growth in B. rapa.
1-1_3. A study of the future development planning for CMRC based on the analysis of trends for Chinese cabbage seed
1) Suggest future high value-added, export-oriented chinese cabbage development and export-based seed based on CMRC's excellence results
2) Strengthen the customized seed development for the global export for World markets, particularly China and Southeast Asia market
3) In particular, Chinese cabbage seeds in conjunction with 'Golden Seed Project' generate new value-added industries and, further contributing to the creation of technology development and manpower
1-2. Quantification of Valid Components for Plant Breeding
Methods for analyzing general and functional compounds in plant were developed to assist breeding of Chinese cabbage. Analysis manuals of general components such as chlorophyll, fiber, protein, nitrate, reducing sugars, pectin, mineral, vitamin C and E, and free amino acids were established. Functional compounds in Chinese cabbage, carotenoids, glucosinolates, phenolic acids, anthocyanidins, and flavonoles that have bio-availability such as anti-carcinogenic and anti-oxidative effects were instrumentally identified and analyzed. Manuals for functional compounds analyses were developed. Analysis methods for new compounds were developed and improved to set up convenient, quick, cheap analyzing systems for mass-samples.
Analysis services were provided for quantitative analysis of functional compounds in Brassicaceae . Center for Plant Molecular Marker and Analysis of Food Composition were established and has provided the analysis services to collaborating groups and outer clients.
1-3. Establishment of Genetic Resources for Search of Useful Genetic Character
1) Characteristics of introduced genetic resources
Total of 375 species, including the introduction of genetic resources and DH lines were tested and surveyed, 26 varieties(lines) after the field test and useful component assay was selected for useful genetic resources. Among introduced genetic resources, accession No. 27273 were flowered early, 20 varieties(lines) including accession No. 26113 were overwintered and seeded after passing the winter. Accession No. 27264 and 27147 were characteristic to be strong against the physiological disorder. In the result of disease resistant test by molecular marker, 7 varieties(lines) including accession No. 25081 were resistance to the clubroot. Accession No. 27140 and 27144 it was resistant to the TuMV, but there was no varieties(lines) in the resistant to the downy mildew.
2) Selection of useful genetic resource group.
Selected 26 varieties(lines), crossed 14 varieties(lines) and 4 check varieties were microspore culture. As a result, total 660 DH lines were developed and by selfing them total 125,669 seeds were gathered. One hundred fifty-four lines were cultivated and their useful components were surveyed. In that result, 27294-50 line compared with check varieties was higher in reducing sugar content, higher content of vitamin C is 27295-24. In the line of 27137-2 mineral(Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe), β-carotene, and Lutein content was higher than that of check varieties. Flavonol content of 27294-67, 27263-74, 27294-67 lines were higher than the check varieties, gluconasturtiin content of the 27259-4, 27263-141, 27259-6 lines were higher.
2-1. DNA marker development for downy mildew resistant line
Two breeding Chinese cabbage lines were kindly offered from Han-Kook breeding company. Each line showed opposite trait in downy mildew, resistant and susceptible.
These lines were used as parental lines and produced F2, RIL and BCn population for genetic study. Genetic purity of parental lines were confirmed by using fifty RAPD markers. More than 45% polymorphism was estimated using 100 RAPD, 320 SSR and 89 IBPA markers. Natural occurrence condition of downy mildew for indoor and outdoor was studied and in vitro culture system of downy mildew spore was investigated. Various genetic population showed in 3:1 and 1:0 ratio according to Mendel's segregation law. Consequently confirmed that a single gene has been greatly in charge of the resistant mechanism against downy mildew. More than 900 RAPD marker screen proposed one candidate RAPD marker. Near genome information was obtained by using BAC information of Chinese cabbage genome center. This selected RAPD marker was converted into a simple SCAR marker.
Meanwhile, more than 300 SSR and IBPA marker showed no polymorphism. Genetic linkage map related to downy mildew resistant gene was constructed by using F4 genetic population and six markers in total were developed. In 2012, extremely closely related loci has been investigated between M05 and N18 markers using genome information allowing very few recombinant that represent error rates. In 2012, extremely closely related loci has been investigated and nine markers were additionally developed between M05 and N18 markers using genome information allowing very few recombinant that represent error rates. The BrRHP1 locus was delimited within a 94 kbp interval. In further study, gene cloning of this work and even discovering another loci seem feasible.
2-2. Development of GeneticMapping Population Related to the DownyMildewDisease Resistance and Autumn Type Cultivars of Chinese Cabbage
1) Development of Genetic Mapping Population Related to the Downy Mildew Disease Resistance
○ One single dominant gene controls the resistance to Downy Mildew Disease
○ Recombinant Inbred F7 generation 114 lines were made for Developing Molecular Marker for Downy mildew Resistant Line
2) Development of Autumn Type Cultivars of Chinese Cabbage
○ 5 Chinese cabbage cultivars were developed
: Sagang, Hanseolnorang, Wawassam, CR Hwangokeotgari and Seolhwaweoldong
2-3. Gene research ana Development of Molecular Marker Associated with Resistance on Chinese Cabbage Clubroot Disease
1) Filtration method using both cellulose nitrate filter and syringe filter was able to remove soil and plant residues effectively from spore suspension of P. brassicae, and it collected much more pure resting spores than the methods used in previous studies.
2) In developing the mass propagation method for resting spores of P. brassicae the auxin treatment presented the best efficacy in formation of bigger galls and propagation of many resting spores therefore we can get large amount of the fungal DNA propagation,
3) Through single spore inoculation, race 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 16 were identified from the club-roots of infected Chinese cabbages, which were collected from Gyeongbuk Uiryeong, Gangwon Bangrim, and Chungnam Baebang. Among them, race 3, 10, 13, 14, and 16 were reported as first case in Korea.
4) The co-existence of various races in a single clubroot were observed in our research and based on these results, we could see the drawback of the prior method of race distinction using the club-root containing the spores derived from various races.
5) The results from co-inoculation of spores produced by various races showed a change of pathogenicity. In our research, the co-inoculation of race 8 and 16 resulted in the emergence of a new race, which means new races can be emergent by the interaction of several races. This is the frist reported mechanism of new race emergence.
6) A PCR product(129 bp) was amplified by a species-specific primer set
ITS1-1/ITS1-2 on genomic DNA of P. brassicae only, but not on those from 12 other soilborne pathogens and Chinese cabbage plant. In conventional PCR test, the sensitivity limit of the primer set was 100fg/㎕ of genomic DNA of P. brassicae , approximately. It showed the same sensitivity as the result of nested PCR assessed by existing a PbITS primer set. In real-time PCR test, the sensitivity limit of the primer set was 1fg/㎕ of P. brassicae genomic DNA, it showed 100 times more sensitive detection limit than that in conventional PCR.
7) Most of the genome nucleotide sequence in P. brassicae race 4 was analyzed, and this information will be useful for later clubroot genome researches.
2-4. Development of Genetic Mapping Population Related to the Clubroot Disease Resistance and Winter Type Cultivar of Chinese Cabbage
Genetic analysis for 3 kinds of races, causing clubroot to existing resistant chinese cabbage, among diverse races of the pathogen(P. brassicae), preparation of mapping population for marker development and breeding and supplying to chinese cabbage grower of 4 resistant cultivars to clubroot were performed.
2-5. Development of molecular markers linked to heat stress tolerance in Chinese cabbage
Trehalose and AOX genes related to environmental stress were targeted for developing polymorphic molecular markers(13 Trehalose markers and 3 AOX markers) between ‘Chiifu' which is susceptible and 'Kenshin' which is tolerant to heat stress.
Selection strategy for restriction enzyme to develop dCAPS marker was also developed and employed in this research project. Using this method, only 12 REs (HinfI, Hpy166II, Sau96I, CviAII, DdeI, ScrFI, BstUI, MseI, Hpy188I, Tsp509I, HpyCH4III, AluI) are required for the detection of any SNP motif, the method described in this study is relatively inexpensive and technically simple.
Three molecular markers showed strong relationship with heat stress response from F2 progenies produced by crossing '92' and '93' Chinese cabbage lines provided by 2-6 research group (Hyundai seeds). Three markers were named Ht-1, Ht-2, and Ht-3, where Ht is for heat tolerance. They were disseminated into three linkage groups. The highest logarithm of odds (LOD) value exhibited by Ht-1 located in linkage group 2. This QTL explained variance 18.5% of the phenotypic variation.
Other two QTLs identified in groups 3 and 13. All three found QTLs bestowed positive additive effects showing their positive involvement for heat stress tolerance.
Therefore, with the molecular markers developed in this project, breeders can select the individuals of cabbage plants that possess heat stress tolerant genetic factors by genotyping of the molecular markers, especially Ht-1, Ht-2, and Ht-3 linked to heat stress tolerance instead of waiting for growing and screening of phenotype for heat tolerance.
2-6. Development of Genetic Mapping Population Related to the High Temperature Tolerance and Highland Type Cultivars of Chinese cabbage There are collected 47 materials for twice what is domestic and overseas countries varieties with high temperature tolerance character at May-June in 2007 and April in 2008.
Each of 2007’s 47 materials was sown at 23th June, 23th July, and harvested 3th, 28th September then selected 7 elite materials. 15 materials of 2008 were evaluated on field and they sowed 23th May 2008 and harvested 8th July respectively. 176 elite materials were selected from total 340 lines which is 75 material in 2007, 50 material in 2008, 90 material in 2009, 250 material in 2010, 120 material in 2011. The study was cooperated with Dongguk University for development of genetic mapping population related to the high temperature tolerance. Hyundai Seed Co., Ltd. provided Dongguk University with materials which were susceptible or resistance lines under high temperature condition, F2 progenies. Dongguk University request 200 material of cultivate test at Hyundai Seed Co., Ltd. To evaluated phenotype with high temperature tolerance character of Chines cabbage through the cultivate test of the material was distinguished survival ratio, head size, growth duration, and so on in vinyl greenhouse, June. There is can predicted save the money, time, laboratory for breeding Chinese cabbage with high temperature tolerance by marker test who developed from Dongguk University.
Combination was focused on excellent F1 hybrids with high temperature tolerance character on semi alpine area and highland that crossed total 804 combinations which are 79 combinations in 2008, 125 combinations in 2009, 200 combinations in 2010, 200 combinations in 2011, and 200 combinations in 2012. They are evaluated and selected from combination ability test on semi alpine area and highland. The elite combinations sown early June, seedling date was 25 days then to set plant on semi alpine area and highland for regional adaption test. There selected 3 combinations and applied plant variety protection which were 2 combinations of all appeared resistance with virus and clubroot disease, stability for cultivation, excellent head formation, and semi wrapped-over type, another 1 combination showed late bolting.
And also, 2 additional combinations applied plant variety protection which was 1 combination was small size cabbage that was able to cultivate whole cropping season on highland, another is autumn Chinese cabbage that showed excellent storability in filed 69 of 591 materials showed resistant to clubroot disease that was tested by Chungnam National University. “Beomsang” and “Wipungdangdang”, new varieties were developed by 69 clubroot disease resistance material. 15 material’s average beta-carotene contents showed 231.37ug/g but HB207 showed 431.19 ug/g.
3-1. Development of Flowering- and Bolting-related Molecular Markers
1) We identified flowering- and photoperiod-related genes of Chinese cabbage using microarray analyses.
2) The selected 31 genes were cloned from various DH lines and inbred lines of B. rapa, and their sequences were analyzed in order to find out SNPs and InDels.
3) Primers sets to test putative molecular markers were designed and used to PCR reactions using various DNA sources from early flowering to late flowering traits.
As results of test experiments, two flowering markers were developed.
4) We are going to use microarray D/B to Korean research community and trying to transfer the patents to companies. We will use the molecular markers for Korean research community and breeding companies.
3-2. Development of Genetic Mapping Populations Related to the Flowering and Breeding of new Chinese cabbage cultivars for foreign spring market
We collected and evaluated 66 kinds of germplasm. We developed two types of seeds.
One, K756 is strong calcium deficiency and coming up late-bolting and the other, K758 is also coming up lat-bolting, good yield. Both are registered already.
One more type of seed, K925 is under registering now, which are strong to clubroot and other diseases tolerance.
We are producing K756 and K758 now to export to China. After regional test in China, we are going to start selling K925 until 2013.
3-3. Development of Molecular Markers Related to Male Sterility in Chinese Cabbage
In this study, we developed makers to distinguish cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and male fertile (MF) lines and to specify different categories of CMS. For instance, BramsA, BramsB1, BramsB2 can be used to distinguish CMS and MF while, BramsE, BramsF, BramsH2 identify Polima type CMS line. Additionally, BramsC, BramsH1 and BramsK can be used to distinguish Ogura, Sakata and Kosena type CMS lines respectively. Subsequently, we collected 80 lines from different universities, institutes and seed companies and characterized using these CMS markers. Almost these 80 lines were Ogura CMS. Also, UDP-glucos pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) is a key enzyme for carbohydrate metabolim, catalyzing the reversible production of UDP-glucose and pyrophosphate from glucose 1-phosphate and UTP. UDP-glucose, a substrate/product of UGPase, is a direct precursor for cellulose and callose synthesis at the plasmalemma. In addition, UDP-glucose is involved in synthesis of the carbohydrate moiety of glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans, among other functions. From function analysis of mutant UGPase in Arabidopsis thaliana, we found abnormal celluloes formation in the tetrads resulting in the formation male sterile phenotype referred to genetic male strility (GMS).
Based on our knowledge and information obtained from our research, these CMS markers would be beneficial for characterizing CMS lines and for hybrid breeding with less time, labour and cost as well. In addition, GMS lines can be developed for B. rapa utilizing mutant UGPase information for hybrid breeding program.
3-4. Improvement of cytoplasmic male sterile population and development of cylindrical and friendly environmental F1 cultivars for outside markets of Chinese cabbage
1) Three cytoplasmic and one genic male sterile lines were delivered to the team at Sunchun university for the marker development related to male sterile genes.
2) A total of 28 F1 cultivars or crosses created at BioBreeding Institute(BBI) were applied to microspore culture and 973 doubled haploid(DH) lines were developed until the 4th year(plants derived from the fifth year culture(2011) are undertaken the subculture now).
3) On the other hand, the MS4N2 medium which was reduced the nitrogen contents of the MS medium was developed to enhance the plant regeneration rate in the subculture of microspore-derived embryos. The Hy2 medium which was added 2% sucrose to Hyponex medium was also created for root development of plants without roots on the MSK medium. The BBI lab is now operating a system that embryos derived from microspore culture are transferred to the MS4N2 medium first, subcultured on the MSK medium of abnormal plants on the MS4N2 and finally normal plants but without the root are subcultured on the Hy2 medium.
4) A total of two thousand nine hundred fifty eight DH lines, which have been kept or developed newly in the BBI lab were tested and 989 lines were selected first for the resistance to virus and clubroot diseases and good characteristics on the field. Some of them are utilized for F1 hybrid breeding. Particularly 21 lines selected due to the late bolting in the spring season would be utilized for F1 hybrid breeding for the whole year-round cropping.
5) The SSR-233 marker for TuMV which was selected in the BBI lab out of 238 SSR primers developed in Rural Development Administration(RDA) was 3.3cM apart from the resistant gene. But it presented about 7.0cM in one case of screening resistant lines in this project. Accordingly another SSR primers were designed newly around the SSR-233 region at RDA and SSR_239 primer out of them was confirmed to be apart 2.2cM from the resistant gene. It was applied for patent in 2009.
6) The nuclear substitution to cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) lines discovered in a hybrid cultivar were conducted with 11 DH lines from 2007. Six lines were advanced to the BC3 and 5 were the BC2 generation.
7) A total of 494 F1 crosses made in our lab with DH lines developed microspore culture were tested for the resistance to virus and clubroot diseases and horticultural characteristics on the field in the fall for 5 years and 32 hybrids were selected. One hundred twenty and 175 crosses including the selected 32 crosses were tested and 12 and 19 hybrids were selected in the spring and summer tests, respectively. Some CMS lines at BC3 were crossed as the maternal parent with some elite male lines of F1 hybrids. Since two hybrids out of them were excellent in the field test in the summer and the fall cropping, one would be registered for variety protection in this year and the other would be the next year after multiplication of the seed. Another 2-3 crosses exhibited excellent performance would be prepared for variety registration in the near future.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 7
• SUMMARY ... 45
• 목차 ... 69
• CONTENTS ... 71
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 73
• 제1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 73
• 제2절 연구개발의 배경 및 필요성 ... 77
• 제3절 배추분자마커연구사업단의 개요 ... 94
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 100
• 제1절 국내ㆍ외의 연구 현황 ... 100
• 제2절 연구결과가 국내ㆍ외 기술개발현황에서 차지하는 위치 ... 112
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 118
• 제1-1절 대량 유전자 분자표지 발굴 ... 118
• 제1-1-1절 배추 생산자들의 신종자 이용 행태 및 수용에 미치는 요인 분석(위탁1) ... 231
• 제1-1-2절 배추 FL-cDNA Agrobacterium library를 이용한 기능유전자 해석(위탁2) ... 268
• 제1-1-3절 배추종자현황분석을통한배추분자마커연구사업단미래발전방안기획연구(위탁3) ... 293
• 제1-2절 식물 육종을 위한 유용성분 정량 서비스 ... 360
• 제1-3절 주요 유전형질 탐색을 위한 유용 유전집단 양성 ... 407
• 제2-2절 노균병 저항성 유전분석 집단 양성 및 가을배추 품종육성 ... 554
• 제2-3절 뿌리혹병균 유전자 분석 및 저항성 분자 마커 개발에 관한 연구 ... 571
• 제2-4절 배추 뿌리혹병 저항성 유전분석 집단 양성 및 월동배추 품종육성 ... 594
• 제2-5절 배추 내서성 연관 분자 마커 개발 ... 624
• 제2-6절 내서성 유전분석 및 마커개발용 집단양성과 고랭지 여름배추 품종육성 ... 675
• 제3-1절 배추 개화 및 추대관련 마커 개발 ... 715
• 제3-2절 개화관련 유전분석 집단양성 및 수출용 봄배추 품종육성에 관한 연구 ... 857
• 제3-3절 배추 웅성불임성 마커 개발 ... 881
• 제3-4절 웅성불임관련 유전집단 양성 및 수출용 직원통 품종 육성 ... 934
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 977
• 제1절 목표달성도 ... 977
• 제2절 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 1000
• 제 5 장 연구개발 성과 및 성과활용 계획 ... 1006
• 제1절 연구개발 성과 ... 1006
• 제2절 성과활용계획 ... 1023
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 1031
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 1039
• 끝페이지 ... 1071