초록 ▼

￭ 매체순환식 가스연소기 연속운전기술 및 설계기술 개발
최적 산소공여입자 선정 (기존 산소공여입자, 전력연구원 1, 2차 공급 입자) 50kWth 매체순환식 가스연소기 장기연속운전 실증
- 산소공여입자 : 기존 입자, 전력연구원 대량생산입자
- 연료 : 천연가스, 합성가스,
- CO₂ 원천분리 농도 : 98% 이상, NOx 배출농도 : 1.6 ppm 이하 공정구성별 수력학/반응특성 해석, 모델링에 의한 신개념 공정 개발
- 공정부피 : 0.6 m³/kW 이하, 입자

￭ 매체순환식 가스연소기 연속운전기술 및 설계기술 개발
최적 산소공여입자 선정 (기존 산소공여입자, 전력연구원 1, 2차 공급 입자) 50kWth 매체순환식 가스연소기 장기연속운전 실증
- 산소공여입자 : 기존 입자, 전력연구원 대량생산입자
- 연료 : 천연가스, 합성가스,
- CO₂ 원천분리 농도 : 98% 이상, NOx 배출농도 : 1.6 ppm 이하 공정구성별 수력학/반응특성 해석, 모델링에 의한 신개념 공정 개발
- 공정부피 : 0.6 m³/kW 이하, 입자 마모손실 0.65 %/hr 이하
매체순환식 가스연소기 연료용 합성가스 제조기술 개발
매체순환식 가스연소기 설계기술 개발 및 경제성 평가
￭ 산소공여입자 대량생산기술 개발
산소공여입자 조성 개발 : 73종 대상 조성선별, 16종 분무건조 조성 설계
산소공여입자 성형(분무건조) 기술 개발 : 총 14종 분무건조 성형
산소공여입자 대량생산 표준 매뉴얼 작성
산소공여입자 평가 기술 개발 : 소성온도별 반응성, 일반물성, 내마모도 분석
산소공여입자 생산 및 공정개발 기관에 제공 (총 240 kg)
￭ CO₂ 수송 및 저장을 위한 가스 하이드레이트 기술 개발
고효율 CO₂ 하이드레이트 제조기술 개발 : 물 전환율 88%
고성능 하이드레이트 연속 제조공정 개발 : 하이드레이트 생산량 10kg/day

Abstract ▼

Ⅲ. R&D scope, contents and results
￭ Development of long-term operation and design technology for chemical-looping combustor
As the first step to develop long-term operation and design technology of chemical-looping combustion, the best oxygen carrier particle was selected by using TGA and bat

Ⅲ. R&D scope, contents and results
￭ Development of long-term operation and design technology for chemical-looping combustor
As the first step to develop long-term operation and design technology of chemical-looping combustion, the best oxygen carrier particle was selected by using TGA and batch type fluidized bed reactor as test facility and hydrogen, methane, natural gas and syngas as fuels. Among previous oxygen carriers, NiO/bentonite particle was selected as the best candidate. After that, screening test for new particles supplied by KEPRI was performed and OCN-650 particle was selected as the better particle. After that, the second version of particles was supplied by KEPRI to overcome disadvantages of previous particles. All oxygen carrier particles were tested by TGA and batch type fluidized bed reactor by using hydrogen, methane, natural gas and syngas as fuels. OCN703-1100 particle was selected as the best oxygen carrier particle among the previous oxygen carriers, the 1st and 2nd version of oxygen carrier particles.
As a next step, we demonstrated continuous long-term operation of 50kWth chemical-looping combustor by using the previous particles and new particle supplied by KEPRI as oxygen carriers. Natural gas and syngas were tested as fuels. For four cases long-term operation experiments, we could achieve steady-state long-term operation more than 50 hours, inherent CO₂ separation more than 98% and low NOx emission less than 1.6 ppm for all cases.
After that, we developed novel process configuration by analysis of hydrodynamics and reaction characteristics of five process configurations and developed hydrodynamic and reaction model for those process configurations. Moreover, syngas generation technology from heavy residue to use as fuel for chemical-looping combustor was developed.
Finally, the conceptual design tool for chemical-looping combustor was developed and we performed economic evaluation for natural gas and syngas fueled 100MWth chemical-looping combined cycle by using ASPEN program.
￭ Development of mass production technology of oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustor
The research activities to achieve the target of the first step are as follows:screening and selection of metal oxide and support materials, design of oxygen carrier composition for spray-drying, test of the spray-drying procedure and method, control of slurry properties for spray-drying, investigation of spray-drying conditions and calcination temperatures, preparation of manual for the standard procedure of mass production of oxygen carrier, the evaluation and analysis of physical properties and reactivities of the spray-dried oxygen carriers and mass production and supply of oxygen carrier for CLC process development.
Oxygen carrier compositions more than seventies was designed using metal oxide of Ni, Mn, Fe, Co and Cu. Form the pre-test of the compositions and review of literatures, NiO was selected as most appropriate metal oxide for the oxygen carrier development in this project. Thus, we focused on the development of NiO-based oxygen carrier. Mn was also selected as a subsidiary metal oxide to reduce the oxygen carrier production cost and to give synergy effect for methane combustion. Oxygen carrier containing Mn was tested to obtain only the basic data to evaluate its possibility of subsidiary metal oxide. Six NiO-based oxygen carrier compositions and one Mn₃O₄-based oxygen carrier composition was developed to obtain oxygen carrier with high attrition resistance. Total fourteen oxygen carriers was successfully spray-dried. Some of the NiO-based oxygen carriers had excellent physical properties and reactivities better than the oxygen carrier developed in Japan or Europe. they showed sufficient attrition resistance (AI <30%), high oxygen transfer capacity (>12 wt% for methane combustion), high oxygen utilization (>85%). Total 240 kg of oxygen carrier was produced and supplied to Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) for the development of 50 kW CLC process.
￭ Development of gas hydrate production technology for CO2 transportation and/or storage
To develop a new original gas hydrate production process, we tried to avoid the conventional mechanical stirring methods. The mechanical stirring requires a large amount of energy to agitate the mixture of reactant and product. To save the energy cost for mechanical stirring, we suggested two kinds of non-mechanical stirring method and proved to be practical. At first the porous particles containing water inside pores are applied to form CO₂ gas hydrates. The highly improved gas-water contact area supported high incipient formation rate and yield. Macro-pores suggested favorable results because the inhibition effect appeared against the pore diameter decrease. A large scale process and operation was also considered, and a 5 L volume reactor was prepared to operate which was combined with additional heat removal apparatus inside the reactor. Efficient heat removal from the gas hydrate formation lead to be as similar level of reaction rate and yield even compared to the result of small scale reactor.
Secondly, the mega-sonic vibrator was applied to generate fine-sized water mist at low temperature and standard pressure condition. CO₂ was utilized as the carrying gas to convey the generated mist into the hydrate formation reactor. We made finely dispersed mist using the mega-sonic vibrator, that the diameters range from 5~50microns. The generated mist forms gas hydrate under -50℃ at atmospheric pressure. Formed material contains gas hydrates and remaining micro-sized ice, where we have to increase the amount of gas hydrates. Even though the energy cost under low temperature should be investigated in detail, high formation rate and yield is still attractive. Correlation between formation temperature and yield was shown to be in inverse proportion. This is due to the fact that the mist surface contacts CO₂ gas and forms hydrates or ice under low temperature and then play a role of barrier film to obstruct the progress to formation. To resolve this problem, it should be satisfied that regularly sized particles are generated continuously. In addition, the retention time inside the reactor should be extended to increase the yield of hydrate formation reaction, and this will be discussed and investigated at the next stage further.
The self-preservation effect should be investigated in detail to utilize this technology as a CO₂ transport or storage method. In this study we confirmed that the pellet shape is favorable to this object than hydrates in pores or power form. We will investigate this fact in detail at the next stage.

목차 Contents

• 표 지 ... 1
• 중대형전략기술 연구개발사업 단계보고서 제출서 ... 3
• 중대형전략기술 연구개발사업 단계보고서(총괄과제) ... 5
• 중대형전략기술 연구개발사업 단계보고서(세부과제 1) ... 7
• 중대형전략기술 연구개발사업 단계보고서(세부과제 2) ... 9
• 전력산업 연구개발사업 단계보고서(세부과제 3) ... 11
• 제 출 문 ... 13
• 전력산업원천기술개발사업 최종보고서 초록 (총괄과제) ... 15
• 전력산업원천기술개발사업 최종보고서 초록 (세부과제 1) ... 17
• 전력산업원천기술개발사업 최종보고서 초록 (세부과제 2) ... 19
• 전력산업원천기술개발사업 최종보고서 초록 (세부과제 3) ... 21
• 요 약 문 ... 23
• S U M M A R Y ... 27
• CONTENTS ... 33
• 목 차 ... 37
• [총/괄/과/제] 매체순환식 가스연소시스템에 의한 CO2 원천분리 기술개발 ... 41
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 43
• 제 2 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 57
• 제 3 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 151
• 제 4 장 총괄과제의 연구관리 내용 ... 160
• [세부과제 1] 매체순환식 가스연소기 연속운전기술 및 설계기술 개발 ... 167
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 169
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 182
• 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 199
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 586
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 592
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 594
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 595
• [세부과제 2] 산소공여입자 대량생산 기술 개발 ... 603
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 605
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 614
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 618
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 677
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 679
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 681
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 682
• [세부과제 3] CO2 수송 및 저장을 위한 가스 하이드레이트 제조기술 개발 ... 683
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 685
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 691
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 699
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 759
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 761
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 762
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 763
• 끝페이지 ... 763