초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구결과
1) 국가의 강력한 담배규제정책이 흡연율 저하에 크게 기여하고 있음.
2) 가장 효과적인 담배규제 정책인 담배가격정책과 더불어, 여러 정책을 포괄적으로 통합하여 진행시켜야 흡연율을 감소시키는데 성공적임.
3) 국내 흡연연구는 직접흡연으로 인한 인체에 미치는 폐해에 대한 역학연구와 이로 인한 질병부담에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어졌으나, 담배종류별 인체 피해, 기초연구, 간접흡연, 평가연구 등은 아직 초보단계에 머무르고 있음.
4) 국내 현실에서 도입 가능한 모형을 두 가지로 제시
A. 중앙 조직

Ⅳ. 연구결과
1) 국가의 강력한 담배규제정책이 흡연율 저하에 크게 기여하고 있음.
2) 가장 효과적인 담배규제 정책인 담배가격정책과 더불어, 여러 정책을 포괄적으로 통합하여 진행시켜야 흡연율을 감소시키는데 성공적임.
3) 국내 흡연연구는 직접흡연으로 인한 인체에 미치는 폐해에 대한 역학연구와 이로 인한 질병부담에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어졌으나, 담배종류별 인체 피해, 기초연구, 간접흡연, 평가연구 등은 아직 초보단계에 머무르고 있음.
4) 국내 현실에서 도입 가능한 모형을 두 가지로 제시
A. 중앙 조직 강화형: 1안은 복지부 흡연전담팀을 신설하여 금연관리사업을 총괄(안)과이에 대한 대안으로 task force team이 국가 담배규제 정책 관리(안).
B. 질병관리본부 강화형: 흡연을 질병으로 선언하는 의미로서 질병관리내 흡연관리부서를 설치하여 흡연연구․관리를 총괄(안)과 대안으로 만성병 조사과내 담당부서를 두고 흡연데이터생산․관리 총괄(안).제시한 모형에 따라, 흡연관리사업은 흡연예방, 간접흡연, 흡연중단 등 사업 단계별로 계층별차이를 고려하여 다각적인 프로그램으로 접근하며, 사업시행 후 각 단계 평가를 반드시 포함해야 한다. 흡연연구사업은 다학제 연구를 통한 흡연행태․흡연예방․니코틴중독․중재․기초생물학․정책․역학․감시 연구 등 각 영역의 보완적인 연구운영체계가 마련되어야 한다.

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Results
1. Comparative review: Tobacco control policy
Experiences from USA & EU countries suggest that there are relations between stronger tobacco control policy at national/state level and lowering smoking prevalence. Although the effective tobacco control measures still remain unclear as

Ⅳ. Results
1. Comparative review: Tobacco control policy
Experiences from USA & EU countries suggest that there are relations between stronger tobacco control policy at national/state level and lowering smoking prevalence. Although the effective tobacco control measures still remain unclear as to what weight should be given to each measure, the following recommendations are commonly proposed;
▷ More money should be spent on the evaluation of tobacco control policies
▷ Tobacco control programmes should be comprehensive, including at least these interventions;
-price increases through higher taxation
-comprehensive advertising and promotion bans
-bans/restrictions on smoking in work places
-better consumer information
-large/direct health warning labels on cigarette boxes
-treatment to help dependent smokers stop
In Korea, nongovernmental organizations started non-smoking campaigns in the 1980s. But, it is since the mid 1990s that the fully fledged Anti-tobacco activities were initiated at national level, with the legislation of the National Health Promotion Act in 1995 and the creation of the National Health Promotion Fund in 1997. Recently, national tobacco control actions of Korean government has further expanded from regulations to cessation programs (counselling/treatment/Quitline), with the provided funding from increased taxes on cigarettes. Based on the criteria for Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC), the current stage of Korea is comparable to other developed countries except pricing & tax policy. The government is expected to take far much proactive steps to tackle tobacco in the country.
The prevalence of male smokers in Korea is still high with 50% in 2005,compared to countries in the last stage of tobacco epidemic (mostly 20%). On the other hand, rising trends in young women/teenagers call for policy attention to target specific strategy, as well as the widening gap within socioeconomic status in smoking prevalence.
2. Tobacco research
Since the first breakthrough study, Doll & Hill's in 1950, smoking has been the most researched topic in biomedical history. Current knowledge disclosed almost all the effects of tobacco on individual/public health. Yet, scientists continue to discover the precise mechanisms by which tobacco causes disease in human body, due to the huge impact of tobacco related social/economic disadvantage.
In the early 1960s from some countries, there started a movement to take the smoking hazard as a national research project with extensive reviews of the literature. Royal College Physicians' report was published in 1962 in the UK,while the first Surgeon General Report was produced by American government in 1964. Both brought lots of public attention as well as proactive tobacco control policies based on evidence basis. Consequently, two countries has experienced the drastic decline in smoking rate since the 1960s.Tobacco research in Korea has burgeoned in the 1990s, mostly on health effects of active smoking and smoking behaviors. However, compared to the developed countries, domestic research has a long way to go in terms of the quantity, the domains and the tobacco research network.
3. Proposed models
Future tobacco control strategy in Korea should encompass a comprehensive program considering smoking stage (prevention ․cessation․ETS) as well as target groups, while tobacco research is expected to expand under long term systematic plan.Our study proposes two possible models for the national tobacco control strategy to conduct the above comprehensive program;
A. Centralized system by establishing "tobacco control team" in Ministry of Health & Welfare, or alternatively with "task force team" under current governmental system
B. Intensifying CDC (Center for Disease & Control) structure with new "Office on Smoking & Health", or alternatively as a base of existing "Chronic Disease Branch" in CDC
The followings are flows of the suggested two models
A. Centralized system B. CDC model