초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 논둑 피복식물 처리 별 벼 병해충 발생율, 벼 수량, 생물다양도를 평가하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 선발된 논둑 피복식물 별 벼 병해충 예방효과, 잡초억제효과, 벼 수량 증진 효과 검정하여 논둑 추천 피복작물을 제시함
○ 풋마름병을 감소시키는 녹비작물 5종을 실내에서 선발하여 포장에서 선발녹비작물 재배에 따른 수량 및 풋마름병 병해발생 억제효과를 검증하고 토양내 병원균 밀도조사, 물리 화학성 변화 분석을 통해 억제 기작을 분석함
○ 흑색썩음균핵병 억제활성을 가지는 마늘 전작물을 실내 및 소포장에서 선

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 논둑 피복식물 처리 별 벼 병해충 발생율, 벼 수량, 생물다양도를 평가하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 선발된 논둑 피복식물 별 벼 병해충 예방효과, 잡초억제효과, 벼 수량 증진 효과 검정하여 논둑 추천 피복작물을 제시함
○ 풋마름병을 감소시키는 녹비작물 5종을 실내에서 선발하여 포장에서 선발녹비작물 재배에 따른 수량 및 풋마름병 병해발생 억제효과를 검증하고 토양내 병원균 밀도조사, 물리 화학성 변화 분석을 통해 억제 기작을 분석함
○ 흑색썩음균핵병 억제활성을 가지는 마늘 전작물을 실내 및 소포장에서 선발하고 농가 적용시험을 통해 마늘․양파 전작물 추천 작물 및 지양 작물을 제안하였으며, 뿌리응애 사멸온도를 도출하고 농가현장실증 시험을 통해 석회고토를 활용한 뿌리응애 태양열 소독 기술을 개발하였음
○ 배추좀나방과 벼룩잎벌레가 유인되거나 기피하는 식물자원을 선발하고 간작 및 주위작 배치에 따른 억제효과를 검토하여 농가현장적용 시험을 통해 식물자원을 활용한 해충종합관리기술을 제시함
○ 국내 사과원에 적합한 동반식물을 선발하고 농가현장에 적용하여 병해충 억제효과 및 생물 종다양성 증진 효과 평가하여 유기농 사과원에서 활용 가능한 동반식물 자원을 추천함

Abstract ▼

According to increase of interest about organic farming, demands of environment-friend techniques for plant protection are being increased. However in korea, research on the plant protection has mainly focused on organic materials such as plant extracts and microbial agents. This causes the organic

According to increase of interest about organic farming, demands of environment-friend techniques for plant protection are being increased. However in korea, research on the plant protection has mainly focused on organic materials such as plant extracts and microbial agents. This causes the organic production cost increases. In this study, to develop cropping system for preventive pest management in organic farm, we carried out to evaluate suppressive effect of cover crop, green-manures, previous crops, companion plants in various pests on solanaceae, allium, apple orchard and paddy field. We investigated rice pest population and arthropod biodiversity according to various covercrop in paddy field Planting companion plants on the levee changed also the rate of arthropod functional groups. Especially, Ocimum basillicum decreased rate of insect pest and increased rates of natural enemy and neutral insects. Increase of levee space was act as biotope or habitat for many arthropod species. Rate of neutral insect species was over 22% higher in the wider levee (1m) than the smaller (0.6m). Thus, rates of insect pest and natural enemy were decreased respectively 17% and 4% according to increasing the width of levee. According to decreased rate of insect pest, damage of rice plant by viral disease, rice stripe virus, transmitted by vector insect, Laodelphax striatellus, was significantly low in the wider levee. It is suggested that increase of arthropod biodiversity on the paddy field levee is critically related to productivity of rice plant.
Secondly, to screen cover crop showing suppression effect against bacterial wilt pathogen, R. solanacearum, for its effects on disease severity of bacterial wilt of Solanaceae in the greenhouse and field. Sudan grass, merry gold and mustard were selected as a summer crops. Also, rye and hairy vetch were selected as a winter crops to evaluate impact on populations and disease incidences of R. solanacearum in natural infested field plots. The disease incidences of R. solanacearum in rye-pepper crop system grown field were significantly reduced compared with the winter fallow plots which were used as a control. Consequently, the five cover crop including Sudan grass, merry gold, mustard, rye and hairy vetch could be recommended as a control method for controlling bacterial wilt of tomato and pepper.
We conducted to develop cropping system for garlic and onion suppressing plant pathology, Sclerotium cepivorum, and bulb mite, Rhyzoglyphus robini . In laboratory, we selected effective previous-plant using I-plate method. And we evaluate the effect of crop rotation cultivation on the suppression of Sclerotium cepivorum in the mini plot(2*1*0.5m). Six crops, soybean, sesame, mung bean, squash, crotalaria and spring onion, were previously transplanted in the mini-plots infested with S. cepivorum before garlics were planted. After cultivation of the previous crops, garlic was sown in the mini-plot.
Non-cultivation plots and non-infested plots with white rot pathogen were used as control. The effect of crop rotation cultivation on the suppression of garlic white rot was evaluated by investigating comparatively the disease incidence (the percentage of infected plants) and yields. As a results, infection rate of garlic white rot was recorded lower in the non-infested plot, crotalaria and soybean cultivation than in the plot of the other crop cultivation. Especially when squash was previously cultivated and garlics were planted in 2013, infection rate of garlic white was recorded the highest score. In 2014, the infection rate of garlic white were low in the garlic on soybean, crotalaria and spring onion treatment whereas it was high in squash treatment, as well. In 2013, garlic yield was the highest in no inoculation plot, followed by crotalaria, soybean, no crop cultivation, sesami, mungbean, squash cultivation plot. In 2014, the yield in the plot of crotalaria and soybean was much higher than that in no inoculation plot. Based on above-described results, it is considered that soybean-garlic and crotalaria-garlic cultivation system can be good crop rotation systems to control garlic white rot. We evaluated fetal temperature of bulb mite in loboratory. Plastic container filled with soil and bulb mite was placed in incubator(25, 35, 45, 55℃). As a result, 35℃ was critical temperature when mortality of bulb mite was 100%. Solarization test was conducted to control bulb mite in Taean. The density of bulb mite and damaged plant rate were significantly low in solarization treatment with dolomite. These results are useful for organic farmers who grow garlic and onion and for constructing cropping system.
We conducted to construct push-pull strategy in chinese cabbage cultivation. The plant resources which attract and deter the major pests of chinese cabbage, such as diamond back moth and striped flea beetle, were selected in olfactometry tests. Basil and indian mustard were selected as preferred plant and lemon balm was selected as deterrent plant to diamond back moth. Stripped flea beetle avoided basil and lemon balm. We experimented suppressive effect of plant resources selected against diamond back moth and striped flea beetle according to arrangement types, inter-cropping and periculture in field condition. In inter-cropping experiment, the density of diamond back moth was lowest on chinese cabbage with lemon balm, basil and indian mustard treatment compared to cabbage monoculture. The density of striped flea beetle was basil and cabbage inter-cropping treatment. In periculture experiment, both diamond back moth and cabbage butterfly did not showed significant difference among treatments. The density of striped flea beetle on chinese cabbage with lemon balm and basil periculture treatment were approximately zero.
We conducted this study about technique of vegetation on Europe orchard to increase biodiversity and control pest on organic apple orchard and apply to Korean condition. There are buffer strip border plant, corridor and flower strip as input on agricultural area to improve biodiversity. Flower strip and Border plant are considered as good technique to Korean apple orchard. On apple orchard which ecologically managed in Europe, many technique was input for example, Flower strip, Border, resistant cultivar and shelter for natural enemy. there are more natural enemy like spiders on the orchard ecologically managed at FiBL than IPM and normal organic apple orchard. Number of natural enemy on flower strip is higher than other grass field on the ecologically-managed orchard FiBL. Some flower plants were selected for companion plant on apple orchard for biodiversity and pest control and possibility of the candidates was investigated on field. Growth and florescence of some plants such as buckwheat were good on apple orchard. Diversity of arthropod on field flower plant cultivated were higher than grass field. additionally we can easily estimate density of enemy on organic orchard with analysis method for parasitism of oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta) by using DNA technique.