초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
□ 반추위 발효조절 및 사료효율 개선을 통한 젖소의 생산능력 최적화
○ 홍삼박 및 막걸리박 추출물의 나노화 기반 마련 및 기능성 검증
- 소유래 유선세포, 신장세포 등을 통하여 안전성 검증
- 항산화 및 유량증진에 대한 in vitro 상에서의 검증
- zeta-size와 zeta-potential등의 지표를 통한 안정성 검증
- pH, ionic strenth, thermal shock 등 다양한 물리, 화학적 안정성 및 저장성 설정
* 개발기술(적용기술) : Nano-enc

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
□ 반추위 발효조절 및 사료효율 개선을 통한 젖소의 생산능력 최적화
○ 홍삼박 및 막걸리박 추출물의 나노화 기반 마련 및 기능성 검증
- 소유래 유선세포, 신장세포 등을 통하여 안전성 검증
- 항산화 및 유량증진에 대한 in vitro 상에서의 검증
- zeta-size와 zeta-potential등의 지표를 통한 안정성 검증
- pH, ionic strenth, thermal shock 등 다양한 물리, 화학적 안정성 및 저장성 설정
* 개발기술(적용기술) : Nano-encapsulation
○ 사양실험을 통한 유량증진 효과 검증
- 사료섭취량 및 유량 증대 효과 확인
- 생리학적 지표분석을 통한 생리활성 증진확인
○ 지적재산권 확보를 통한 원천 기술 확보
- 막걸리박 추출물의 나노솜을 포함하는 젖소용 사료 첨가제(10-2014-0037217)
□ 젖소에 액상형 완충제 투여에 의한 생산성 향상
○ 개발된 액상형 완충제 첨가구 급여시 두당 산유량이 증가
○ 처리구별 유성분 변화는 유단백질 및 무지고형분에서 액상형 완충제를 첨가한 경우에 유의성 있게 증가
○ 혈액성분 중 Glucose와 Cholesterol는 액상형 완충제의 첨가구에서 증가하는 경향

Abstract ▼

(Exp. 1) Pre- and postpartum Dairy laid on the great changes physiologically such a dry period, delivery, lactation and pregnancy. There are great needs for physiological activator like selenium, lysine, cystein, methionine, vitamin E, vitamin C and vitamin A. They acted for enforcement of the immun

(Exp. 1) Pre- and postpartum Dairy laid on the great changes physiologically such a dry period, delivery, lactation and pregnancy. There are great needs for physiological activator like selenium, lysine, cystein, methionine, vitamin E, vitamin C and vitamin A. They acted for enforcement of the immune system in body and increasement of the feed intake for reducing the stress during the transition periods. Particulary, Methionine complex feeding during the dry period was likely responsible for this positive effect on milk production and NEFA in just postpartum cow.
Lipoid S 75(from soybean lecithin) coated vitamin E nanoemulsion (VEN) or vitamin A nanoemulsion(VAN) or vitamin C nanoemulsion(VCN) or selenium nanoemulsion (SN), lysine nanoemulsion(LN), cystein nanoemulsion(CN), methione nanoemulsion(MN) repectively is made by the high pressure homogenizer method. At 2.5% lipoid S 75 and 5% vitamin E or vitamin A or vitamin C or selenium or lysine or methionine with 1000bar pressure homogenization by 3 cycles, liposomes, with mean diameter 294nm,were obtained. Characteristic and stability of VCN, SN, LN, CN, MN, VEN and VAN were estimated during 3weeks storage under 4℃.
4 kinds(vitamin A, vitamin E, Vitamin E+Methionine coating, Vitamin E+Methionine) of physiological activators were screend for application for Dairy cows during transition periods.
Daily intakes of physiological activators was 174,000 IU in viatamin A, 6mg in Viatamin E, 50g in Vitamin E+Methionine coating(5.047mg/kg, the value of Vitamin E; 170.4g/kg, the value of methionine), and 50g in Vitamin E+Methionine(5.047mg/kg, the value of Vitamin E; 170.4g/kg, the value of methionine), respectively for 2~3wks just before prepartum.
(Exp. 2) Economic profitability of a dairy farm is based, in part, on the calving interval of the cows. The optimal interval is 365 d. To achieve this, the cow needs to be pregnant within 85 d post partum. Reproductive disorders are one of the most important problems that affect the production and productivity of dairy cows. This study was carried out principally to obtain the basic data for the improvement of the reproductive performance.
First, to estimate the proportion of reproductive disorders among dairy cattle. The factors analyzed were; milk yield, cow parity, periparturient disorders, and reproductive status. The result of this study showed the incidence of reproductive disorders in high yielding dairy cows was prevalent. Repeat breeding was the major postpartum reproductive problem comprising (42.3%) of the samples. Higher reproductive disorders were also associated with lower parity. Intensive genetic selection has resulted in modern dairy cow with very high milk yields but reduced fertility, due mainly to an increase in reproductive disorders. These disorders subsequently reduced reproductive performance by prolonged intervals from calving to first artificial insemination and from calving to pregnancy. Abnormalities in the reproductive system such as ovarian dysfunctions, disorders in the estrous cycle, disorders in ovulation and repeated heats, as well as lower fertility have been recorded during the summer months (June to August).
Second, to determine the physical characteristics of estrus mucus and conception rates in dairy cattle. Samples of estrus mucus from the cervix were collected form dairy cattle during heat and were examined for color and consistency. Samples were taken from bred animals at starting from day of breeding to the completion of on estrus cycle. The color of the cervical mucus was studied based on its transparency while the consistency was based on the thinness and thickness of the cervical mucus. The dairy cattle were bred and the pregnancy diagnosis was performed at the 60th day post breeding. Findings showed that the estrus mucus of the dairy cattle was transparent in 58.3%, turbid in 31.5% and dirty in 10.2%. It was further observed that the mucus consistency of the dairy cattle was thin in 74.1% and thick in 25.9%. In the pregnant group, 67.3% mucus samples were found transparent, turbid in 23.6% and dirty in 9.1%. However, the corresponding figures for the non-pregnant group had 49.1%, 39.6% and 11.3%. The consistency of cervical mucus was found to be thin in 74.1% and thick in 25.9% of dairy cattle. The conception rates of dairy cattle with thin and thick consistency of cervical mucus were 81.8% and 18.2%, respectively. Pregnant was associated with consistency of cervical mucus (p<0.10). Findings indicated that dairy cattle with thin consistency of cervical mucus and had clear discharge were pregnant cows.
Some recommended management options to reduce or alleviate some of the problems are the development of an appropriate reproductive health management system, a reliable AI service, and supplementary feeding.
(Exp. 3) This research was conducted in order to improve the environment of rumen by preventing the decrease of rumen pH due to the gradual supply of concentrate feed when managing feed for dairy cows and to determine the use effect of the liquid buffer developed to achieve a rumen buffering effect without having an effect on palatability due to the fact that, sodium bicarbonate, generally used as a rumen pH buffer in order to increase productivity, tends to decrease palatability and feed intake levels when the added amount is increased. A total of twenty-seven mid-lactation dairy cows were assigned to a control group, sodium bicarbonate treatment group, and liquid buffer treatment group (9 animals per treatment). The control group was fed self-made formula TMR for lactating cows and the sodium bicarbonate group was given feed with a daily dose of 150g of sodium bicarbonate added for each cow. The feeding experiment was performed on the liquid buffer fed group by feeding the animals in the same manner by adding 15ml of liquid buffer for each animal. The results of the experiment showed that the milk yield of the control group, sodium bicarbonate group, and liquid buffer added group was 23.82, 23.91, and 24.91kg, respectively. The liquid buffer treatment group had a slight tendency for increased yield compared to the control group but there was no significant difference between the treatments. The changes in milk composition according to treatment type were found in the milk protein and non-fat milk solids. It was shown to have a significant increase (p < 0.05) when the liquid buffer was added compared to the control group. In addition, treatments showed a slight increase in milk fat. Among blood components, there was a slight increase in glucose and cholesterol levels in the liquid buffer treatment group compared to the control group but there were no significant difference among the treatments. Therefore, it is evaluated that the developed liquid buffer can act as a substitute for sodium bicarbonate which is generally used to control rumen pH making it possible to use as a feed additive for ruminants.
(Exp 4.) Optimazation of production ability by improving of ruminal fermentation ability and feeding efficacy on milking cow
This study was conducted to improve production ability of transition milking cow. After the transition period, milking cow need more nutrients than dry period to produce milk and to recover health. For that reason, milk productivity of milking cow is reduced easily in the transition period. Thereby we investigated the feeding method to increase milk productivity of transition cow. Red ginseng by-product extracts (RBE) and Makgeolli by-product extracts (MBE) was tested. MAC-T cell and MDBK cell were used to evaluate the viability of samples. Samples did not affect viability significantly. RBE and MBE increased anti-oxidation activity. RBE and MBE were encapsulated using soybean lecithin to make nanosome. RBE and MBE increased mRNA expression of three kinds of milk proteins; alpha-casein, beta-casein and kappa-casein. However, encapsulation did not increase the effects of RBE and MBE on the mRNA expression of three kinds of casein.
As a results of in vitro assay, red ginseng by-product (RGB) was selected for the feeding test. RGB increased feed intakes, water intakes and milk yield of transition cow. RGB tended to decrease CGT and GOT, but not significantly. Total protein of serum was decreased by RGB. It seems that total protein of serum is decreased to elevate milk productivity by RGB. In conclusion, the present results could be summarized that the supplementation of RGB could improve milk productivity and health status of transition cow.