초록
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1. 연구배경 및 필요성
□ 연구배경
○ 공공갈등이 지속적이고 광범위하게 발생
- 최근 우리나라의 공공갈등이 장기화되는 추세를 보이고 있음
- 그러나 사회적 갈등은 우리 사회가 조정해 나가야 하는...
1. 연구배경 및 필요성
□ 연구배경
○ 공공갈등이 지속적이고 광범위하게 발생
- 최근 우리나라의 공공갈등이 장기화되는 추세를 보이고 있음
- 그러나 사회적 갈등은 우리 사회가 조정해 나가야 하는 필연적 사회적 산물로 인식할 필요가 있음
○ 규제효율화 정책은 전 방위적인 사회적 갈등이 잠재
- 공공정책이 공공갈등의 원인이 되는 것을 막기 위해서는 해당 정책의 수용성 측면에 보다 주목해야함
○ 효과적인 정책 추진을 위해서는 인간에 대한 이해가 선행되어야 함
- 서구에서는 행동경제학(Behavioral Economics)의 실험적 내용을 정책화하려는 움직임이 활발하게 진행
- 갈등을 사후적으로 관리하는 단계를 넘어서 정책 수용성을 높이고 갈등을 최소화하기 위한 정책설계 노력이 필요
□ 연구목적
○ 정책수용성을 높일 수 있는 효과적 정책 설계 방향과 틀을 제시
- 정책가와 정책수요자들의 합리적/비합리적 행태에 관한 학제적 연구를 정책적으로 활용할 수 있는 가능성 및 방안을 모색
○ 다음과 같은 세부적인 목적을 갖고 과업을 진행
- 정책집행자와 쟁책수요집단의 비합리적인 측면을 정책적으로 활용 할 수 있는 방안 모색
- ‘합리성’만을 강조하는 정책추진에 의해 확산되는 공공갈등 양상에 대해 분석
○ 공공갈등의 최소화 혹은 효과적인 관리를 위한 정책 수용성 제고 방안 모색
- 이에 선택설계(넛지)를 포함하는 효과적인 정책 설계 방안을 찾고자 함
□ 연구방법 및 기대효과
○ 연구의 주요방법
- 문헌 조사 및 검토, 행동경제학 및 공공갈등에 대한 사례연구, 정책가 집단과 정책수요집단간 인식 비교와 정책수용성 및 정책 도구 영향관계 분석을 위한 실험조사, 시스템 다이내믹스를 활용한 인과지도로 구성
○ 연구의 흐름도
｜그림 1｜ 연구 흐름도
○ 연구의 기대효과
- 학술적 기대효과
∙ 행동경제학에 대한 이론적 논의를 한국의 현실에 맞추어 재정립
∙ 행동경제학을 우리나라의 공공정책에 도입하기 위한 학문적 기반을 마련하는데 기여
- 정책적 기대효과
∙ 원활한 정책 수행을 위한 정책 수용성 제고 방안 제시
∙ 효과적인 정책의 설계 및 집행에 대한 방향성을 제시하여 공공갈등관리시스템 설계 및 해소를 위한 전략에 활용
Abstract
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Recently, public conflicts are taking place continuously and extensively in our society. Along with this, there is also an extende...
Recently, public conflicts are taking place continuously and extensively in our society. Along with this, there is also an extended trend of the duration of conflicts. Nevertheless, our country’s response to public conflicts is concentrated on ex post facto management rather than prevention of conflicts. Particularly, omnidirectional social conflicts lurk in the regulation efficiency policy promoted by the incumbent government; accordingly, the importance of the prevention of public conflicts is bigger. The conflicts aroused by a public policy could be manifested according to the policy acceptance degree of various policy beneficiaries after all . To effectively cope with public conflicts, there is an urgent need for deep thinking about the design that makes it possible to boost policy acceptance from the initial stage of a policy. Hereupon, this study was designed with the aim of inquiring into political applicability of and application plan for interdisciplinary research on rational/irrational behavior of policy-makers and policy beneficiaries suggesting an effective policy design direction & framework that could enhance policy acceptance.
For this purpose, this study carried out literature, and examination of major theories and concepts of behavioral economics in relation to theories on policy acceptance, public conflict and policy planning, etc., and the field of public policies and social conflicts.
In the case study, this study implemented survey on excellent agencies which enhanced policy acceptance, and the research on domestic & overseas cases by policy field, Also, this study did combined political applicability survey & analysis of behavioral economics in each domestic policy field. Next, this study went on perception between policymaking group and policy-end user group, experimental survey for the analysis of the relationship between policy acceptance and policy tools, and design of the causal map using systemdynamics, and policy scenarios. Particularly, this study carried out the scenario design for the purpose of drawing an effective policy planning scheme that could produce a more useful effect with less expense. Through the scenario analysis, this study suggested the approach strategy for promoting the policies(ex: regulatory policies), in which conflicts necessarily inhere.
This study drew the results as follows through the experimental survey on policy implementation group and policy end-user group. The exhaustive analysis of policy end-users makes it possible for factors related to policy acceptance, such as necessity of a policy, effective selection of policy tools, and consistency of a policy, etc. to be secured. It’s possible to grasp a wide array of interest groups only through practical publicity o the relevant policy. Accordingly, there is the need for the foundation and paradigm shift, which make it possible for practical publicity on the relevant policy to be achieved, in the policy planning process.
In addition, this study could grasp that the influential factors on policy acceptance and public conflicts are different in their expression but similar in their contents through the analysis of the map. In short, the occurrence of public conflicts means that policy acceptance. Also, that policy acceptance becomes lower means that policy design is trustless, or the public reliability in the government falls.
Like this, causal map is showing that they are linked with theloop of circulatory relation although there is a difference in the order of occurrence. According to what this study looked into the causal map in an integrated manner, it’s necessary that the level of policy contents should be high and that trust in policymaking agencies, and understanding of the object group for a policy should be entailed. It was found that enhancement of publicity on the relevant policy became a major link to meet these aspects.
The concrete strategies drawn through the experimental survey and analysis of the causal map are as follows: First, endeavors for systematic understanding of irrational behavior of the policy end-user group; second, endeavors for boosting rationality in policy decisions and implementation: substantiality of cost-benefit analysis; third, (for cost minimization) awareness of the importance of on-site experiment: expansion of policy experiment; fourth, discovery and utilization of policy leverages through systematic approaches; fifth, utilization of the network strategy for policy diffusion: tipping point, and lastly, awareness of the importance of the process of enhancing publicity o the relevant policy as a nudge, and coming up with revitalization plan, etc.
Through the suggested strategies and research process, this study has the expected effect as follows: above all, as an academic expected effect, this study re-established the theoretical discussion about behavioral economics in line with reality of Korea; second, this study contributed to the arrangement of the academic foundation for introducing behavioral economics into the public policy of Korea. As an expected effect in terms of policy, first, this study suggested the policy acceptance enhancement plan for smooth policy implementation; second, this study is of significance in that it suggested the directivity of effective policy design & implementation, which this study utilized for a strategy public conflict management system design and public conflict dissolution.
