보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립식량과학원 National Institute of Crop Science |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2016-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2015 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201600003089 |
과제고유번호 |
1395039790 |
사업명 |
FTA대응경쟁력향상기술개발 |
DB 구축일자 |
2016-06-25
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201600003089 |
초록
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Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
제1세부과제인 “초다수성 밀 최대생산을 위한 재배기술 개발”에서는 초다수성 밀 적정 파종기는 논 재배 10월 25~30일, 밭 재배 10월 20일~11월 5일이었으며, 적정 파종량은 188~225㎏/㏊이었다. 파종적기 평균 수량은 논 5.62, 밭 6.68톤/㏊으로 밭재배에서 19% 증수, 금강 대비 각각 24%, 58% 증수되었다. 질소 비료량을 50%까지 증량하면 수량은 증가하나 화학비료 사용량 절감 및 경제적인 효과를 고려할 때 25% 증량이 가장 적절하였다. 초다수성 밀은 수량(5.10톤/㏊,
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
제1세부과제인 “초다수성 밀 최대생산을 위한 재배기술 개발”에서는 초다수성 밀 적정 파종기는 논 재배 10월 25~30일, 밭 재배 10월 20일~11월 5일이었으며, 적정 파종량은 188~225㎏/㏊이었다. 파종적기 평균 수량은 논 5.62, 밭 6.68톤/㏊으로 밭재배에서 19% 증수, 금강 대비 각각 24%, 58% 증수되었다. 질소 비료량을 50%까지 증량하면 수량은 증가하나 화학비료 사용량 절감 및 경제적인 효과를 고려할 때 25% 증량이 가장 적절하였다. 초다수성 밀은 수량(5.10톤/㏊, 표준비 90㎏/㏊)이 높지만, 최대 생산을 위한 적정 비료량은 25% 증량한 112.5㎏/㏊으로 수량이 5.52톤으로 0.42톤 증수되며, 금강(4.04톤/㏊) 대비 36% 증수됨을 구명하여 이를 영농활용기술로 제출하였다.
제2세부과제인 “초다수성 밀 우량종자 생산 및 보급”에서 농업형질조사 결과 장수형 익산370호의 출수기와 성숙기는 일반 품종에 비해 7일 정도 늦었으며, 간장이 약 93㎝, 이삭길이는 15.3㎝로 크지만 도복에 대한 저항성이 강하였다. 단위면적당 수수는 578개/㎡, 일수립수는 60개, 천립중은 50.2g으로 일반품종(금강밀)에 비해 수수는 적지만 일수립수가 많고 천립중이 무거운 대립종이었다. 기본식물은 매년 14kg을 생산하였고, 농가에 보급할 우량종자는 120kg을 생산하여 농가채종단지와 현장실증시험사업에 제공하였다.
제1협동과제인 “초다수성 밀의 가공 이용 기술 개발”에서 품질분석 결과, 익산370호는 원맥 회분 함량이 1.71%, 단백질 함량이 13.73%이고, 익산370호 밀가루의 회분함량은 0.45%로 1등급 밀가루에 해당됨을 확인하였다. 제분실시 후 밀가루의 단백질 함량은 12.18%로 강력밀가루 수준이었고, 손상전분은 5.41%로 낮았다. Farinogram에서 흡수율은 58.63%, 안정도는 7.00분으로 조경밀과 금강밀에 비해 유의적으로 낮았고 약화도는 67.00 BU로 연백밀, 백중밀과 유사하였다. Amylogram에서 전분에 의한 호화개시 온도도 높았지만 최고점도는 864.00 BU로 가장 높았음을 확인하였다. 가공적성평가 결과, 다수성 익산370호 밀가루는 글루텐 형성능력이 낮아 제빵성은 떨어지나 최고점도가 높아 배터(batter) 반죽의 제품이나 부침가루, 제면용으로 좋은 가공성을 지닌 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 농가에서 생산된 원맥을 이용하여 우리밀 부침가루 등 3종의 가공제품을 개발하였다.
제2협동과제인 “초다수성 밀 채종단지 조성 및 현장 실증 연구”에서는 채종단지를 조성하여 전남 해남군과 경남 고성군에서 각각 1,650kg과 350kg을 생산하였고, ’15년 전남 해남군 밀 재배농가에 종자를 공급함으로써 7㏊의 단지를 조성하였다. 농가현장 실증을 위하여 광주광역시, 전남 해남군, 경남 고성군 등 3개 지역을 선정한 후 장수형 밀 재배에 적합한 농가기술지도를 실시하한 결과 기존 품종인 금강밀 대비 7~11% 수량이 증대한 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 장수형 밀의 용도다양화를 위해 사료가치를 분석한 결과 수확기는 청보리보다 7일 이상 늦어 수확기기의 활용성이 증대될 것으로 판단되었다. 초장은 114cm, 이삭길이는 14.7cm로 영양보리보다 길고, 이삭비율은 50.9%로 청우밀보다 높아 생체수량은 29.6톤/ha, 건물수량은 12.2톤/ha로 영양보리와 청우밀에 비하여 증수되었다. 사료가치 품질분석 결과 단백질함량은 8.4%, ADF와 NDF는 각각 24.7%, 45.3%, TDN은 69.4%로 사료가치가 우수하고, 사일리지 품질은 1등급으로 우수함을 확인하였다.
Abstract
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Wheat cultivation area and production are increasing with measure of Korean wheat self-sufficiency rate and change awareness of consumers that is preference for grain. But Korean wheat has the limitation for cultivation area and consume because it has higher price than imported wheat. Therefore, thi
Wheat cultivation area and production are increasing with measure of Korean wheat self-sufficiency rate and change awareness of consumers that is preference for grain. But Korean wheat has the limitation for cultivation area and consume because it has higher price than imported wheat. Therefore, this study was performed to decrease cost of production of Korean wheat through the cultivation techniques establishment of Iksan370 have long spike. The amount of seeding, seeding date and amount of applied fertilizer were controlled. The main results are as follows: Heading date of Iksan370 were eight days late in paddy conditions, the field was seven days late, late maturity were six days late in paddy and field conditions compared Keumkang. Culm length were 16cm increased in paddy condition and 12cm increased in field compared to Keumkang(69cm and 76cm, respectively). Length of spike was longer 5.4㎝ and 5.1cm in each condition, respectively. It was in the field tend to grow larger than the paddy condition. Number of spike per ㎡ of Iksan370 were 546 in paddy condition and 698 in field. But number of seed increased 21.5 and 20.5 in each condition. There were 46.0 in paddy condition and 47.1, respectively. Weight of 1,000 grains of Iksan370 increased 7.8g and 10.5g in each condition. There were 57.0g in paddy condition and 10.5g in field, respectively. Proportions of Fusarium head blight disease of Iksan370 were core 18.8% in paddy condition and 17.2% in field compared to Keumkang(12.6% and 10.6%, respectively). The disease rate was higher than in fields. Milling rate was higher and ash was lower than Keumkang. Protein content was low that is 1.0% and brightness tend to darkness compared to Keumkang. Productivity of Iksan370 in different seeding date, the highest production was 5.64 tons/ha that seeding date was October 25. October 30> November 5> was followed on November 11> October 20. As the higher seeding rate, productivity increased to 25%> 50% than the standard (150㎏/㏊). Average yield per ㏊ was 5.05 tons in paddy condition, 6.13 tons cultivated upland fields. The average amount per ㏊ was 5.62 and 6.68 tons in each condition, 19% was higher than paddy condition. Productivity increased 24% and 58% compared to Keumkang. Through these result, appropriate seeding date of Iksan370 was determined that it was October 25 to 30 in paddy condition, October 20 to November 5 in field. Proper seeding rate was determined to be 188 ~ 225㎏/㏊.
Heading date of Iksan370 were seven days late in paddy conditions and upland field. Maturity were five days late in paddy and 7 days in field, respectively. Maturity date was one day late when the increasing the fertilizer 50% in field but it was later in paddy condition. It was a tendency that the more fertilizer to increase the amount of long culm length of Iksan370. Culm length increased 16cm in paddy condition and 8cm increased in field compared to Keumkang(70cm and 79cm, respectively). Length of spike was longer 5.1㎝ and 4.6cm in each condition, respectively. It was in the field tend to similar between the paddy condition and field. It was tendency that the more fertilizer to increase the amount of number of spike per ㎡ of Iksan370. Number of spike was 777 in paddy condition and 584 in field. Number of spike decreased 411 and 410 in each condition, but number of seed increased 25.6(47.9) and 23.8(48.9). Weight of 1,000 grains of Iksan370 increased 7.9g and 9.2g in each condition. There were 55.2g in paddy condition and 55.7g in field. It was tendency that the more fertilizer to increase weight of 1,000 grains of Iksan370. More fertilizer to increase proportions of Fusarium head blight disease of Iksan370. It was 20.98% in paddy condition and 16.1% in field. Fusarium head blight rate was higher in broad ridge seeding than in sowing in narrow stripes. Fusarium head blight disease of Iksan370 was 18.5% and Keumkang was 9.3%, respectively. Milling rate was higher than Keumknag and ash was similar. Protein content(11.8%) and brightness was similar to Keumkang. Sedimentation value was 2.8% higher than Keumkang. Productivity of Iksan370 increased 5.03 and 5.93 tons/ha in paddy condition and upland field, respectively. 50% increasing the fertilizer increase productivity, but suitable amount of fertilizer was determined 112.5 kg/ha(25% increasing) because the efficiency of economic. Productivity was 5.52 tons/ha that it means 36% increase of production compared to Keumkang(4.04 tons/ha).
Recently, a new wheat lines with long spike has been developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, in Korea. The Korean wheat new line Iksan370 was recently bred by crossing the paternal line Keumkang with the maternal line Xian83. Iksan370 has a giant phenotype in terms of its whole body architecture, and its culm, leaf and spikelet length are higher than those of the paternal line Keumkang. Also, giant head wheat lines had numerous Number of grain per spikelet and higher 1,000-grain weight than Keumkang. Heading and maturity date were late about 7 days and period to flowering date was shorter three or four days than Keumkang. Culm and spike length of Iksan370 were 93cm and 15.3cm, averagely. This means that culm and spike length were longer than Keumkang (79cm and 7.0cm, respectively). It showed 578 in the number of spikes per ㎡, 60 of grain number per spike, 50.2g of 1,000 grain weight. “Iksan370” also showed tolerance to winter hardiness and lodging, but showed susceptible to Fusarium head blight. Yield amount of breed seed was 14kg/year and certified yield was 120kg/year in upland. We expect that yield productivity and farm income were increased by Iksan370 having good yield component.
Iksan370 is a long-spike wheat line as cold resistance, disease resistance, and viviparous germination. The physicochemical and material properties of the raw wheat and milled flour of Iksan370 were analyzed to derive its appropriate uses. The raw wheat of Iksan370 showed high contents of ash and proteins at 1.71% and 13.7%, respectively. Its test weight of 763.0 g/L was similar to those of other ve developed by the Rural Development Administration with excellent yield components sucharieties and its 1,000 kernel weight was high at 45.38 g. The milled flour of Iksan370 had an ash content of 0.45% which corresponded to class 1 flour, and its protein content was 12.18%, which corresponded to strong flour. The damaged starch was 5.41% which was lower than that of other varieties. The average grain size was 70.67 μm and the grain distribution was at the level of a typical hard wheat. In the farinogram, the water absorption was 58.63% which corresponded to the level of medium flour. The development time was 7.00 minutes which was significantly lower than those of Jokyung and Keumkang. The degree of softening was 67.00 BU which was similar to those of Yeonbaek and Baekjoong. Among the physico-chemical characteristics, the high protein content and typical hard wheat grain distribution of Iksan370 were similar to those of strong wheat for breadmaking. However, in the farinogram, the dough development time was short and the degree of softening was high. As a result, Iksan370 was expected to have poor breadmaking properties and a small volume of the final bread product due to insufficient dough durability. On the other hand, Iksan370 showed the highest maximum gelatinization viscosity at 864.00 BU. Therefore, Iksan370 is expected to show glutinous texture when used for noodles and its flour appears to be appropriate for frying powders as well.
Seed production of Super yield wheat is only on two occasions from 2013 to 2015 was the composition of rapeseed double cropping in the southern zone. In 2014, the first to take advantage of 580kg seed were produced for just a second large-scale demonstration composition. In 2015, the second by the seed production of 2,000kg farmer was advertised in Haenam, Jeonnam composition of the Super yield wheat grown only 7ha. Wheat cultivation demonstration was carried out in Gwangju, South Jeolla Province Haenam is twice as food from 2013 to 2015, and forage study was conducted in Gyeongnam Goseong. Culm length of Super yield Wheat was longer than Keumkang. There has the number of seeds and 1,000 grain weight was heavy. In 2014, productivity was 1% increased in Kwangju and 10% increased Haenam because number of spike per ㎡ was lower and maturity was late. In 2015, productivity was 11% increased in Kwangju and 7% increased Haenam. In 2014, Super yield wheat as forage, dry matter increased 41% compared to ‘Cheongwoo’ and 37% compared to ‘Youngyangbori’ in Gyeongnam Goseong. In 2015, dry matter increased 9% compared to ‘Youngyangbori’. The higher TDN content of the silage quality was better. Therefore, cultivation of Super yield line in the southern part of the safety area is suitable for double cropping of wheat used as grain, and new cultivation techniques is necessary to increase productivity. This is a fodder for animal feed that can be used to harvest early and even better than whole foods high in quantity, yet thick and strong resistance to exchange a long, very long Uniform feed value is expected. Super yield wheat is expected to good forage crop because stem is long and highly resistant to lodging of a quantity used for animal feed, which can be harvested earlier than grain.
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