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Kafe 바로가기주관연구기관 | 국립원예특작과학원 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science |
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보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 | 한국어 |
발행년월 | 2016-03 |
과제시작연도 | 2015 |
주관부처 | 농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 | TRKO201600003107 |
과제고유번호 | 1395040903 |
사업명 | 신품종지역적응연구 |
DB 구축일자 | 2016-06-25 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201600003107 |
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
□ 심비디움의 유묘시기인 1년생묘에서 항온처리보다 변온처리시 생육촉진에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 이소프렌처리 200ppm수준에서 저온스트레스에 대한 완화효과의 가능성을 확인하였음
□ 해충발생상황과 유입경로를 조사하고 방제약제선발 및 약해검정을 통하여 병해충진단 및 관리매뉴얼 개발
□ 온수패드와 전기온수보일러를 연결하여 호접난 재배시 난방비용을 91%절감하는 국부난방시스템 개발
□ 심비디움 절화재배시 스프레이스틱 관수방법을 통하여 물을 34%이상 절약하면서 개화품질 유지가 가능하였으며.
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
□ 심비디움의 유묘시기인 1년생묘에서 항온처리보다 변온처리시 생육촉진에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 이소프렌처리 200ppm수준에서 저온스트레스에 대한 완화효과의 가능성을 확인하였음
□ 해충발생상황과 유입경로를 조사하고 방제약제선발 및 약해검정을 통하여 병해충진단 및 관리매뉴얼 개발
□ 온수패드와 전기온수보일러를 연결하여 호접난 재배시 난방비용을 91%절감하는 국부난방시스템 개발
□ 심비디움 절화재배시 스프레이스틱 관수방법을 통하여 물을 34%이상 절약하면서 개화품질 유지가 가능하였으며. 양분관리시 배양액이 화경수발생에 효과적인 것으로 나타났고,난 절화재배를 위한 포트 및 시스템 개발
□ 호접난 유묘기에 일장조건 12시간에서 영양생장 촉진에 효과적이었고, 어릴수록 온도에 민감하여 최소 5-6개월까지는 고온을 주고 이후 점차 낮추어주는 것이 효과적이었으며,이산화탄소시비시 농도 증가에 따라 영양생장이 촉진되었음
□ 심비디움의 절화재배시 적합한 용토 및 화분개발, 요요형 꽃대유인기술, 절화용 포장기,걸이대 등 개발 및 농가실증
In first project, we investigated to determine the effects of night alternating temperature on growth in Cymbidium seedling. The materials were 3 and 12 months ‘Happy Day’ variety in Cymbidium. The night alternating temperature treatments were applied 25℃, 25-20℃, and 25-15℃, respectively. The fresh
In first project, we investigated to determine the effects of night alternating temperature on growth in Cymbidium seedling. The materials were 3 and 12 months ‘Happy Day’ variety in Cymbidium. The night alternating temperature treatments were applied 25℃, 25-20℃, and 25-15℃, respectively. The fresh and dry weight was heavier at 25-15℃ compared to 25-20℃ and control of 12 months Cymbidium seedling. These effects was similar to growth chamber experiment. Night alternating temperature was increased fresh and dry weight 12 months seedling then 3 months seedling. Effect of low(5, 10℃) and high(35, 40℃) temperature on stress of Cymbidium and Phalaenopsis seedling was investigated. Fv/Fm was 0.64∼7.2 at 35 and 40℃, 0.37∼0.69 at 5 and 10℃ in Cymbidium and 0.25∼0.69 at 35 and 40℃, 0.24∼0.57 at 5 and 10℃ in Phalaenopsis. Stress response by low and high temperature was more sensitive in phalenopsis then Cymbidium. The isopren treatments was a little decressed on low and high temperature stress in Cymbidium seedling. These effects was not clear so, needs more experiment in the future.
Second, the status of pest occurrence on the Cymbidium and Phalaenopsis orchids were studied for a period of three years (2013 to 2015) at 21 farms in Korea. In total, 9 species of insect pest were identified on the Cymbidium, and Tetranychus urticae and Limax marginatus were major pests. 10 species of insect pest were identified on Phalaenopsis orchids, and Tenuipalpus pacificus occurred in most of the farms surveyed in this study. The observation frequency of T. pacificus and F. intonsa were highest. The study to select good pesticide for control against Pseudococcus dendrobiorum on Phalaenopsis was conducted. The control effect of Dinotefuran was highest and registered for pesticide to control Pseudococcus dendrobiorum on Phalaenopsis. Increasing rate of density of Tetranychus urticae (on Cymbidium) and Pseudococcus longispinus (on Phalaenopsis) against orchid varieties were investigated. In Cymbidium, the density of Tetranychus urticae was increased so fast in ‘Gold star’ and ‘Parnasse’ (the cultivar of Cymbidium), on the other hand the density was very low ‘Red sun’ and ‘In the mood’. In Phalaenopsis, the density of Pseudococcus longispinus was increased so fast in ‘495’ and‘Flower sunset’ (the cultivar of Phalaenopsis), on the other hand the density was very low in ‘11-14’.
Thirdly, this study was carried out to develope the local heating system using hot water pad. Results of the study were as follows. When the outside temperature of greenhouse was reached at the lowest of -0.8℃, the surface temperature of heated water pad, the temperature inside tunnel, inside temperature of greenhouses were getting colder sequentially. The average temperature of local heating zone for experimental plot is 25. 4℃, and control plot for entire space heating keep the average inside temperature at 25. 6℃ and internal greenhouse temperature were maintained constantly at the setup temperature in both a test and a control plot. The survey for temperature of inlet and outlet for hot water pad at above case showed that the average inlet temperature of hot pad was 50.2℃ and outlet temperature for that is 47.8℃ and the temperature difference between them was 2.4℃. When the Circulation flow rate is 112 L/h and the temperature change is 1℃, the amount of heat exchange was increased by 112 kcal and the flow rate was changed to 360 L/h, the amount of heat exchange was reached at 360 kcal. The analysis of heating costs showed that local heating systme using hot water pad cost 2,976 won /day and the entire space heating system cost 32,987 won/day. Comparing with the entire space heating system, local heating system using hot water pad could save the 91 % of heating costs customarily required.
In fourth project, it was investigated to determine the effects of springkler, spray-stick and drip irrigation methods on growth of Cymbidium and saving water for irrigation. The plants were transplanted to 32 cm pots containing 100% bark. Spraystick irrigation saved water by 34% compared to conventional sprigkler irrigation system. Fresh weight of shoot was decreased in the plants grown under drip irrigation system rather than springkler and spraystick irrigation. Second, effect of different fertilization methods on growth of Cymbidium seedling was investigated. Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) were applied 20, 40, 60, and 80g, respectively, to the each pot and nutrient solution (N5.5, P3, K3.25, Ca 3.25, Mg1.75 me·L-1, EC 1.2dS·m-1) was applied. No difference was observed in fresh weight of leaf and root, shoot number and cholorophyll contents of Cymbidium. Inflorescence number was increased in the plants fertilized by nutrient solution rather than those fertilized by water soluble fertilizer. In addition, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of different developmental stages and pot size on cut flower yield and quality of Cymbidium ‘Golden Tiara’. Plants were grown in 12 (small), 17 (medium), and 22 (large) cm pots containing 100% bark at different developmental stages. Inflorescence number increased in response to increased developmental stages. Flower quality was improved in 3-year-old Cymbidium compared to 2-year-old as evidenced by increased inflorescence length and diameter and floret number. In 3-year-old Cymbidium, fresh weight of flower was higher in the plants grown in small and medium pots compared to those grown in large pots. However, no significant differences in inflorescence number and diameter and floret number were showed between the plant grown in different pot size. These results indicate that cut flower yield could be maintained regardless of pot size.
Last, technical development for promoting vegetative growth during young stage in Phalaenopsis cultivars bred in Korea. In experiments for determining optimum photoperiod for vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants, young ‘Hwasu 355’ and ‘Mantefon’ plants treated with 12-h intermediate and 16-h long daylength showed bigger leaf size and longer leaf span than plants treated with 8-h short daylength and night interruption conditions. Higher CO2 uptake rate was also observed in young ‘Hwasu 355’ plants treated with longer daylength. These results indicate that day-extension treatment during winter season can promote vegetative growth of young Phalaenopsis plants. Growth retardation was observed in young ‘Hwasu 3551’ and ‘White Red Lip’ plants treated with low temperature at 21/19oC. These responses were seriously observed in younger plants. 25% and 30% CO2 uptake rate were reduced in ‘Hwasu 3551’ and ‘White Red-Lip’ plants, respectively. In an experiment for determining low temperature limit without the growth retardation, low temperature lower than 22/20oC induced significant decrease of vegetative growth rate in one-month-old ‘Hwasu 355’ and ‘Hwasu 3551’ plants. ‘Hwasu 355’ plants younger than 4 months old were not mature enough to flower. Eight-month-old plants treated with 4 or 5 weeks of low temperature at 25/20oC showed 30% or 20% flower-stalk emergence, respectively. In an experiment for preventing premature flowering by intermittent high temperature treatment, flower-stalk emergence was not observed in 100% of ‘Hwasu 355’ plants treated with intermittent high temperature. However,‘Mantefon’ plants showed flower-stalk emergence in all treatments. These results indicate that intermittent high temperature treatment can inhibit premature flowering in young Phalaenopsis plants, but modification of the treatment method is needed to more effectively inhibit premature flowering because of differences of low temperature sensitivity among cultivars. In an experiment for determining optimum potting medium for Phalaenopsis cultivation, plants grown with 100% peatmoss medium showed higher vegetative growth rate than plants grown with 100% sphagnum moss, 30% bark + 70% peatmoss, or 40% sphagnum moss + 60% peatmoss media. 100% peatmoss medium was also more effective to accelerate days to flower-stalk emergence, about ten days earlier than other media. Volumetric water content (VWC) after irrigation was higher in 100% sphagnum moss medium until the first one day than other media, but VWC of 100% peatmoss medium became the highest from the second days.
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