보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립축산과학원 National Institute of Animal Science |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2016-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2015 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201600003137 |
과제고유번호 |
1395041063 |
사업명 |
축산시험연구 |
DB 구축일자 |
2016-06-25
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201600003137 |
초록
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과 (필요에 따라 제목을 달리할 수 있음)
○ 고급지방산 종류에 따른 지방분화 관련 유전자 발현 조절 확인
○ 반추위 발달 및 등심 발달 유전자 각 3종, 5종 발굴
○ 어린송아지 고에너지 급여에 의한 대사 각인 효과로 근내지방도 개선효과 확인
○ 사료급여 그룹에 따른 등심발달 관련 유전자 발현분석을 통한 고에너지사료 급여효과 검증
Abstract
▼
Metabolic imprinting is an epigenetic response to nutritional challenge during early life that permanently changes physiological outcomes in future life. The main objectives of this study was to determine the effect of high energy metabolic imprinting in early calf stage on later carcass traits and
Metabolic imprinting is an epigenetic response to nutritional challenge during early life that permanently changes physiological outcomes in future life. The main objectives of this study was to determine the effect of high energy metabolic imprinting in early calf stage on later carcass traits and marbling in longissimus dorsi. of Hanwoo.
Project 1) 2 week old Hanwoo calves were early weaned and fed with high energy concentrates for 10 weeks and then their later growth performances and beef quality at 29 months were compared with normally weaned ones. We have found higher fat depositions in longissimus dorsi in metabolic imprinted groups than control and feeding period can be shortened by 2 months based on beef quality. For EW calf feeding strategy, two weeks Hanwoo calves were fed with different diets (for each diet 12) for ten weeks, such as mother milk (control), milk replacer + concentrate (Treatment 1), milk replacer + concentrate + roughages (T2) and milk replacer + concentrate containing 30% starch (T3). Afterwards, normal diets for all treatment until slaughter. Five EW calves were slaughtered from each treatment at the age of 3 months for determination of rumen development and then, blood component analysis was done among the treatment groups. Remaining calves were raised for further 29 months and then slaughtered. During their growing and fattening phases, fat thickness and marbling status were monitored at 3 month interval for five times as well as the correlation of these traits with weight and adipogenic gene expressions. We have found higher fat depositions in longissimus dorsi in treatment groups than non-treatment group, control, especially in T2 and T3 dietary groups. The rumen thickness, papillae length and width data also showed positive relations with fat deposition in longissimus dorsi, marbling of T2 and T3 dietary treatments than non-treatment group in 3 month old calves as well as fattened 29 months old cattle. And also rumen development related genes qRT-PCR expression also shown high in treated groups than non-treated group. In conclusion, during growing and fattening period, EW with high energy diet containing easily available starch leaded to higher fat depositions in longissimus dorsi, marbling than mother milk treatment groups. These results suggest that early weaning and feeding with high concentrate and starch before 3 month is feasible plan to increase marbling score compared with traditional weaning system
Project 2) This analysis aimed to investigate effects of metabolic imprinting for meat quality traits of Hanwoo beef using early weaning system for calves. The experiment discovered 17 genes, which were KRT4, HIF3A, KCNQ1, FUT1, FAIM, ERRF11, KRT19, HEY1, B4GALNT2, BNIP3, BPIFA1, C29H11ORF67, CBLN2, DMBT1, HMGC32, ACAT1, and SLC46A2, were significantly and differentially expressed according to the different dietary feeding systems. Using the identified DEG genes, a total of 4 gene pathways were characterized as Triglyceride metabolic process, Muscle protein, Heat shock protein Hsp20, and Estrogen receptor. BASED on the control the expression rate has been compared and BPIFA1 showed 8 times and 2 times high expression rates at G1 and G3 and G2, respectively. Real-time PCR analysis, which focused on comparisons between control vs each treatment, finally confirmed 3 genes (ARG1, CABYR, and HMGCS2) were highly expressed in G1, whereas 9 genes (BTG2, CABYR, CMYA1, DUSP10, EGR1, GAMT, OSBP2, PNCK, FAM47E, and TRIM36) showed higher expression rate compared with the control. The selected genes were differed from the expression analysis using RNAseq analysis due to comparisons for all groups. Therefore, the identified 12 genes using real-time PCR analysis between control vs each treatment may have more expression rates when high energy diets were supplied. In addition, the high energy feeding system will be significantly related to gene expression rates of muscles in terms of nutritional point, and the result of this study will be used as useful reference for calves.
Project 3) Bovine rumen microbes play an important role in the metabolism and conversion of feed into energy. This study was performed to understand the effect of a diet of calf starter plus milk replacer on rumen development and microbial profile in Hanwoo calves. Rumen fluid was collected at fourteen days after birth, the animals where then grouped into control (n=5) and 3 treatment (n=5) groups, and fed with their mother’s milk and treatment diet respectively, for 8 weeks. The animals were then slaughtered and rumen fluid and tissues were collected. The shift in microbial profile before and after feeding trails was compared. 16s rRNA sequencing revealed that the predominant phylum were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. There was a considerable increase in Firmicutes in the control group while it marginally reduced in the treatment group. Significant increase in phylum Bacteroidetes and simultaneous significant reduction in Actinobacteria was detected in the treatment group compared to the control group. At the genus level the prevalence of cellulolytic microbes such as Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae increased significantly in the treatment group with the genus Prevotella increasing to 26.6% of all microbes in the treatment group compared to 6.14% in the control group. The predominant genus in the control group was the lactic acid bacterium Olsenella. Microscopic examination of rumen showed significant increase in the length and width of Papillae, and also increase in mucosal, muscle, serosal and ruminal thickness. This study provides a basis for understanding the establishment of rumen bacterial communities in Hanwoo calves and also the effect of diet on their composition.
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