초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
- 단감의 품종 및 생육시기별 최저온도 변화에 따른 저온피해 발생양상 및 피해 조사
- 기상변화에 따른 단감 생육상황 변화와 과실품질의 연관성 구명
- 이상기상에 따른 단감 생리장해 발생실태 및 서리피해 경감기술 현장 실증
- 단감 유기과원 재배방법에 따른 과실품질 유지 및 생리장해 발생 경감법 확립
- 친환경적 토양 관리기술 확립으로 생태환경 개선 및 종 다양성 확보
- 단감 주요 병해충 발생양상 및 친환경자재 이용 단감 주요 병해충 방제효과 구명
- 유기재배 단감의 병해충

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
- 단감의 품종 및 생육시기별 최저온도 변화에 따른 저온피해 발생양상 및 피해 조사
- 기상변화에 따른 단감 생육상황 변화와 과실품질의 연관성 구명
- 이상기상에 따른 단감 생리장해 발생실태 및 서리피해 경감기술 현장 실증
- 단감 유기과원 재배방법에 따른 과실품질 유지 및 생리장해 발생 경감법 확립
- 친환경적 토양 관리기술 확립으로 생태환경 개선 및 종 다양성 확보
- 단감 주요 병해충 발생양상 및 친환경자재 이용 단감 주요 병해충 방제효과 구명
- 유기재배 단감의 병해충 종합관리 실증 및 매뉴얼 개발
- 단감 유기재배 매뉴얼 발간

Abstract ▼

< 제1세부과제 > 기후변화 대응 단감 안전재배지대 설정 연구
Due to the effects of recent global warming and abnormal weather conditions, damages related to meteorological disasters from the early growing period to flowing period of fruit trees have continuously increased. In this regard, this experiment was performed to

< 제1세부과제 > 기후변화 대응 단감 안전재배지대 설정 연구
Due to the effects of recent global warming and abnormal weather conditions, damages related to meteorological disasters from the early growing period to flowing period of fruit trees have continuously increased. In this regard, this experiment was performed to monitor changes in growth of main sweet persimmon varieties in chief producing areas and fruit qualities, utilize the monitoring results as data for fruit cultivation in response to climate changes, and thus establish a system to research and predict the meteorological disasters on the main sweet persimmon varieties in the chief producing areas.
For monitoring of changes in aspects of biotic season of the chief sweet persimmon producing areas and fruit qualities, each of the two varieties were investigated, and five areas were surveyed for each variety. The biotic season was divided into bud-burst period, flowing period, full-bloom period and harvesting period, and the fruit qualities, including fruit weight, sweetness and hardness complied with the survey standards by the Rural Development Agency.
The monthly average temperature of the chief sweet persimmon producing areas was 13.6℃, which was 1.9℃ lower than 15.5℃ in the previous year. The average temperature was lower in January and February, but -0.8℃ higher in March. The lowest temperature of January was -9.9℃ on average, which was 2.8℃ higher than -12.7℃ in the previous year. The lowest temperature of February was 2.7℃ higher as compared to the previous year, and therefore frost damages did not occur in all survey areas.
The bud-burst period of sweet persimmons was about three days faster in all survey areas as compared to the previous year, and a similar trend was also found in a leafing period. In addition, the flowing period was about 10 days faster as compared to the previous year, which was due to the higher temperature from March to May which affects the flowering, showing similar trends for each area. The harvesting period of sweet persimmons was two to three days later than in the previous year. This was because the summer temperature was about 3℃ lower as compared to the previous year. The fruit qualities showed slight differences depending on farmhouses, but were a little higher than in the previous year, which was attributed to small rainfall and good weather conditions since September. In regards to the changes in growth situations and quality differences, continued researches needed to be conducted yearly.
< 제2세부과제 > 유기 단감생산을 위한 토양/양분 관리 및 재배기술 개발
This study was performed to investigate the soil management practices and physical and chemical properties in organic sweet persimmon farms from 2013 to 2014.
The soil physical property in organic sweet persimmon orchards was 1.21 Mg m-3 in soil density and 54.2% in soil porosity, which is better than conventional orchard. The soil pH of surface soil did not show any differences between organic and conventional soils but the organic matter content of organic soil (39g/kg) was higher than conventional one (35g/kg). The available phosphorous content of organic soil (361㎎/㎏) was lower than conventional one (664㎎/㎏).
The N-P-K requirement of sweet persimmon following the soil analysis was 18.0–6.5-11.0 kg/10a, when these dada were compared with conventional fertilization standard (N-P-K ; 25.0-12.0-24.0 kg/10a), this meant that 7.0kg N, 5.5kg P and 13kg K could be saved after the organic management.
The green manure production was the highest in basal input of organic fertilizer following the mixed seeds sowing, which led to the equivalent to the natural addition of 17.2~17.9kg N, 5.8~5.9kg P, 35.5~38.6kg K per 10a in the end.
The nitrate N content of soil was similar by late April but has increased from May till late June in soil testing fertilization treatment and decreased then after.
The fruit weight was a little bigger (213g) in green manure and soil testing fertilization treatment than other treatments. Meanwhile, the yield was the highest in green manure and soil testing fertilization treatment among other treatments.
< 제3세부과제 > 단감 유기재배 적합성 품종선발 및 주요 병해충 방제기술 개발
This study was conducted to investigate the pest and disease occurrence status of lead farmer, and its environment-friendly control methods for development the integrated pest management of organic sweet persimmon.
The variety of organic sweet persimmon was ‘Puyu“ and spray times to control disease and pest was 9 ~17 per year. The severe diseases and pests at organic culturing for sweet persimmon was anthrax, bugs, persimmon fruit worm, scales, etc. and its control materials was lime sulfur mixture, red clay sulfur, emulsifier, bordeaux mixture, and self-made plant extract such as garlic, ginkgo nut, pine tree.
The effective control agent to control anthrax was lime sulfur mixture, red clay sulfur. Garlic oil + citrorella oil product, shrubby sophora seed oil product, shrubby sophora+tea extract product was effect to control Riptortus clavatus and Euproctis subflava. Mating disruption trap installed 60 ea per 10a for control the persimmon fruit worm(Statmopoda masinisra). In this result, the fruit setting rate improved to 30 percent.
We established the integrated pest management program on organic sweet persimmon. This program contained 10 times spray to control disease and pest per year. We harvested 70.7% of fruit when apply this program, but damaged fruit rate by bugs was not decreased. Therefore, the additional study to bug control method was need.