초록 ▼

Ⅰ. 서 론
일제 강점기 전쟁물자 조달 및 ’60년 이전 국가경제 발전 정책에 따라 개발된 우리나라의 금속광산은 ’80년대 이후 수익구조의 악화 등 환경변화로 인해 대부분이 폐광되어, 전체 금속광산 2,166개소 중 2,089개소가 폐광되었다. 대부분의 금속광산은 폐광 이후 적절한 광해방지 및 복구사업이 시행되지 않고 방치되었다. 폐금속광산은 광산 활동 시 발생된 폐광석 및 광미사의 방치, 갱내수가 유출되어 주변 환경의 중금속 오염을 유발하고 지역 주민들의 건강에 영향을 줄 수 있는 대표적인 환경오염 취약지역으로 알려져 있다.

Ⅰ. 서 론
일제 강점기 전쟁물자 조달 및 ’60년 이전 국가경제 발전 정책에 따라 개발된 우리나라의 금속광산은 ’80년대 이후 수익구조의 악화 등 환경변화로 인해 대부분이 폐광되어, 전체 금속광산 2,166개소 중 2,089개소가 폐광되었다. 대부분의 금속광산은 폐광 이후 적절한 광해방지 및 복구사업이 시행되지 않고 방치되었다. 폐금속광산은 광산 활동 시 발생된 폐광석 및 광미사의 방치, 갱내수가 유출되어 주변 환경의 중금속 오염을 유발하고 지역 주민들의 건강에 영향을 줄 수 있는 대표적인 환경오염 취약지역으로 알려져 있다.
폐금속광산 주변지역 주민에 대한 건강조사는 광명시 가학광산과 경북 군위군 수철광산 등 ’90년 이후 산발적으로 시행되어 왔으며, ’04년 경남 고성군 삼산 제일광산 주변지역 주민 건강영향조사가 계기가 되어 체계적인 조사를 추진하게 되었다.

Abstract ▼

According to 「The environmental health management system for abandoned metal mines」, this study was to evaluate urinary arsenic levels and human exposure factors of residents in ID abandoned metal mine area which had shown higher urinary arsenic concentrations than other mine area in 2014. We had co

According to 「The environmental health management system for abandoned metal mines」, this study was to evaluate urinary arsenic levels and human exposure factors of residents in ID abandoned metal mine area which had shown higher urinary arsenic concentrations than other mine area in 2014. We had conducted follow-up management on residents living near abandoned metal mines who had shown heavy metal concentrations in blood and urine higher than the reference value.
Arsenic levels in agricultural soil in ID mine area were 5.7~56.3mg/kg, which were higher than the average levels in Korea and some samples exceeded the worrisome level of soil contamination (MOE). The result from the analysis of the Pb stable isotope ratio in soil found that residential districts in ID mine area were within the influence of the mine. The urinary arsenic concentrations in the ID mine area residents were 31.9㎍/L, which indicated significant decrease compared to that of the previous survey and was also lower than that of “The 1^st Korea National Environmental Health Survey". The decrease in urinary arsenic concentrations appears attributable to the blocked exposure to drinking water. A drinking water type of ID mine area residents was changed into municipally supply tap water in 2015 from simple supply water in 2014. However, as the arsenic levels of some environment samples exceeded the environment standard, it is likely that the chronic exposure of the residents in ID mine area was attributed to continuous intake of agricultural crops that had been exposed to arsenic.
According to the results of follow-up management for 26 participants, the urinary cadmium concentrations were 5.29㎍/g-cr, and 11 participants showed the decreased concentrations lower than the reference value. The urinary cadmium concentrations of participants using simply water supply and attaining self-sufficiency in food production were higher than the other participants.
We expect this study will contribute to developing policies for reducing heavy metal exposure and health effect assessment of residents in vulnerable area such as abandoned metal mines.