초록 ▼

ㅇ 조사대상 : 전국 모·부자가족, 미혼모·부자가족, 조손가족 등 한부모가족
(만24세이하 청소년한부모 포함)
* 표본 규모 : 전국 한부모가족 2,500가구 내외

ㅇ 조사내용 : 일반특성, 경제상태, 가족관계, 생활양식, 가족문제, 서비스 수요 등
(한부모가족지원법시행규칙 제4조)
* 한부모가족의 소득 및 지출, 전 배우자와의 관계 및 양육비, 경제활동, 자녀돌봄, 건강, 주거 환경, 생활세계 및 사회적 지

ㅇ 조사대상 : 전국 모·부자가족, 미혼모·부자가족, 조손가족 등 한부모가족
(만24세이하 청소년한부모 포함)
* 표본 규모 : 전국 한부모가족 2,500가구 내외

ㅇ 조사내용 : 일반특성, 경제상태, 가족관계, 생활양식, 가족문제, 서비스 수요 등
(한부모가족지원법시행규칙 제4조)
* 한부모가족의 소득 및 지출, 전 배우자와의 관계 및 양육비, 경제활동, 자녀돌봄, 건강, 주거 환경, 생활세계 및 사회적 지지망, 지원정책 수요 등

(출처 : 프리즘)

Abstract ▼

The purpose of this study is to investigate the living status of Korean sole-parent families as a trend study that examines the overall changes from the first-time survey results in 2012. Sole-parent families, who are highly vulnerable to poverty, experience difficulties derived from a lack of perso

The purpose of this study is to investigate the living status of Korean sole-parent families as a trend study that examines the overall changes from the first-time survey results in 2012. Sole-parent families, who are highly vulnerable to poverty, experience difficulties derived from a lack of personal time or family support and inadequate child care resources. However, as sole-parent families are relatively young and highly expected to improve self-sufficiency, it is likely the policy will have a large positive effect on the population. As a variety of policies have been expanded to support sole-parent families in the last three years, a timely investigation on the direction and pace of policy expansion is needed. Based on the nationally representative survey, this study aims at contributing to evidence-based policy making on sole-parent families.

The research subjects of this study were the households headed by sole parents with children and other family members. The sole parents were asked to respond to survey questions regarding seven key areas: child care, income and expenditure, relationships with ex-spouses, economic activity, health and housing status, life-world and discrimination, and policy needs. The survey was conducted for three months from September 2015, and the sample was selected from the 2010 Population and Housing Census data, and used post-stratified weights based on 2014 register-based census data in order to add up-to-date information of the population. The number of survey participants was 2,552.

The analysis results are described as the following. First, the mean age of sole parents was 43.1, in which those in 40s made up a huge proportion. Those who finished high school education made up a majority (60.4%), followed by those who completed college and higher education (38.1%). Most of sole parents were divorced, and the rest were widowed or in other marital status. 47.3% of sole-parent families were single-mother families without other family members followed by single-father families without other family members, single-mother families with other family members, and single-father families with other family members. 53.3% of sole-parent families had children who were attending middle school, and the rest were elementary-school and pre-school children in order of majority. 13.5% of sole-parent families were National Basic Living Security (NBLS) recipients and about 28% were consisted of the other low-income households receiving Sole-Parent Family Support. In comparison with the 2012 report, no significant changes were observed: the mean age of sole parents slightly decreased while the level of education increased. The proportion of single-father families slightly decreased and public assistance recipients increased.

Second, the utilization rate of day-care center and kindergarten appeared to be high among sole-parent families compared with other types of families, and the rate increased from 2012. But, sole parents still responded that there were some difficulties with the facility utilization due the facility management systems, quality of services, and expenses. Poor social networks also led to the shortage of childcare resources other than the day-care and education facilities.

Third, children of sole-parent families were more likely to stay alone compared with those of both-parent families. The majority of sole parents with elementary and middle school children responded that their children experienced being left alone at home without parents or caregivers, and even more than 10% of pre-school children experienced the child care deficit. The amount of time that they stayed alone significantly increased from 2012, indicating the need to resolve the child care deficit.

Fourth, the mean monthly income of sole-parent families was 1,896,000 won, which does not reach half the mean income of all households. The average assets of sole-parent families were 55,490,000 won, which is only 20% of all households. Compared to 2012, the absolute level has increased while the relative level has not. The levels of income and assets appeared to be significantly lower among mother-parent families and mother-parent families with other family members compared with father-parent families and father-parent families with other family members.

Fifth, the analysis results on the status of child maintenance provision among divorced and unmarried sole parents showed that only 55.1% of so;e parents with legal right for regular child maintenance have received the maintenance on a regular basis. About 28% of sole-parent families had a general knowledge of Child Support Agency which was established to support the process of maintenance provision in March, 2015.

Sixth, approximately 87.4% of sole parents were currently employed while 60.8% were employed prior to becoming sole parents. In comparison with the 2012 report, the employment rate has not significantly changed but the employment rate before becoming sole parents has slightly decreased. About 48.2% of sole parents were regular employees, 36.7% were temporary and daily workers, and 15.2% were self-employed. Most of them were employed in small businesses on a low-income, experiencing physical fatigue.

Seventh, their physical and mental health appeared to be in extremely poor status; especially, there were a number of sole parents who have experienced depressive symptoms. The proportion of the sole parents with health problems has not significantly changed since 2012. Their medical service utilization rate still appeared to be low, in which 20.8% responded that they could not afford to go to hospitals. This indicates the cost barriers to medical service utilization.

Eighth, only 21.2% of sole-parent families were residing in their own houses and the rate of house ownership has significantly decreased since 2012. Housing stability still appeared to be lower among low-income sole-parent families. Compared to 2012, there was a significant increase in the awareness and utilization of housing support programs in terms of welfare facilities for sole parent families, public rental housing, and support for housing expenses.

Ninth, sole parents' spare time was 3.8 hours a day on average, almost same hours as 2012. In comparison with the 2014 Time Use Survey, single mothers' spare time appeared to be similar to mothers of dual-earner families while single fathers' spare time was slightly longer than single mothers but shorter than fathers of dual-earner families.

Tenth, after becoming sole parents, they have faced greater challenges such as greater burdens for single parenting, increased housework, and the future as well as financial hardships. These difficulties appeared to be more prevalent among those with low levels of education and income, and single fathers were experiencing difficulties with fathering practices.

Eleventh, sole-parent families, compared to other types of low income families, showed the stronger willingness to exit from welfare, and in fact, the rate of sole-parent families leaving welfare appeared to be high due to employment and self-employment. Among the NBLS recipients, the proportion of sole parents who responded they would be able to exit from welfare in 10 years was found to be much larger than the proportion of other parents in a different survey.
However, the proportion has slightly declined compared to 2012.

Lastly, sole-parent families acquired information on the sole-parent family support programs mostly from borough offices or community centers, and also had informally gained information through personal networks or the internet. In comparison with the 2012 report, the rate of informal acquisition has slightly declined while that of information acquisition through the public agencies has increased. On the other hand, information acquisition through the sole-parent family delivery system appeared to be very rare, which suggests the need to strengthen the take-up roles of the family welfare delivery system.

Based on these analysis results, this study suggested the expansion of childcare services and cash assistance, support for childcare expense provision, employment support for disadvantaged sole parents, and expansion of housing and health services.

(출처:Abstract p.530)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1연구요약 ... 3목차 ... 61표목차 ... 64그림목차 ... 73Ⅰ. 서론 및 조사방법 ... 78 1. 서론 및 조사방법 ... 79 가. 연구배경 및 목적 ... 79 나. 연구내용 및 방법 ... 82 2. 조사대상 및 조사내용 ... 82 가. 조사개요 ... 82 나. 조사내용 ... 84 다. 표본설계 ... 91Ⅱ. 한부모가족실태 조사결과 ... 100 1. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성 ... 101 2. 자녀돌봄 ... 130 가. 자녀돌봄 실태 ... 130 나. 자녀양육 어려움 ... 157 다. 자녀에 대한 인식 ... 194 3. 소득 및 지출 ... 202 가. 소득 ... 202 나. 지출 ... 206 다. 자산 및 부채 ... 216 4. 자녀의 비양육부모와의 관계 및 양육비 ... 219 가. 한부모가 된 기간 및 전 배우자의 특성 ... 220 나. 친권 및 양육권 ... 238 다. 자녀양육비 청구 및 이행확보 ... 242 라. 자녀양육비 이행실태 ... 249 마. 전 배우자와의 관계 ... 266 5. 경제활동 ... 274 가. 직업현황 ... 274 나. 구직현황 ... 305 다. 직업훈련 ... 312 6. 건강 및 주거실태 ... 319 가. 건강 ... 319 나. 주거 ... 338 7. 생활세계 및 사회적 지지망 ... 364 가. 일상의 시간사용 ... 365 나. 한부모가 된 후 달라진 점 ... 370 다. 사회적 지지망 ... 382 라. 한부모로서 겪은 부당한 일이나 차별 경험정도 ... 392 8. 정책욕구 ... 402 가. 기초생활보장제도 지원 경험 ... 402 나. 저소득한부모가족 지원 경험 ... 413 다. 한부모가족지원사업 관련 정보 습득 경로 ... 424 라. 정책지원 욕구 ... 428 9. 소결 ... 435 가. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성 ... 435 나. 자녀돌봄 ... 436 다. 소득 및 지출 ... 439 라. 전 배우자와의 관계 및 양육비 ... 441 마. 경제활동 ... 443 바. 건강 및 주거실태 ... 445 사. 생활세계 및 사회적 지지망 ... 447 아. 정책욕구 ... 449Ⅲ. 한부모가족지원 정책개선방안 ... 454 1. 한부모 가족지원 정책현황8 ... 455 가. 자녀돌봄서비스 지원 ... 455 나. 현금급여 지원 ... 462 다. 양육비이행 지원 ... 466 라. 직업훈련･교육 및 고용지원 ... 469 마. 주거 지원 ... 470 바. 건강 및 상담서비스 지원 ... 477 2. 한부모 정책 개선방안 ... 482참고문헌 ... 490부록 ... 493Abstract ... 530끝페이지 ... 535