초록 ▼

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과

① 맥류 월동전 웃자람 및 습해 정도별 생육 및 수량차이 구명
○ 웃자란 맥류 수량: 보리(일반 3.82톤/㏊) 51%, 밀(일반 3.82톤/㏊) 57% 감수
- 무절단, 웃거름 1회에 보리는 50% 증량, 밀은 100% 증량 시용 처리
•보리: 1.87톤/㏊(표준시비) → 2.28(50% 증량, 22% 증가)→ 2.35(100% 증량, 26% 증가)
•밀 : 1.74톤/㏊(표준시비) → 2.09(50% 증량, 20% 증가)→ 2.61(100% 증량, 50% 증가)
○ 맥

Ⅳ. 연구개발결과

① 맥류 월동전 웃자람 및 습해 정도별 생육 및 수량차이 구명
○ 웃자란 맥류 수량: 보리(일반 3.82톤/㏊) 51%, 밀(일반 3.82톤/㏊) 57% 감수
- 무절단, 웃거름 1회에 보리는 50% 증량, 밀은 100% 증량 시용 처리
•보리: 1.87톤/㏊(표준시비) → 2.28(50% 증량, 22% 증가)→ 2.35(100% 증량, 26% 증가)
•밀 : 1.74톤/㏊(표준시비) → 2.09(50% 증량, 20% 증가)→ 2.61(100% 증량, 50% 증가)
○ 맥류 습해 발생정도: 보리 5∼9, 밀 3정도 발생
- 수량은 일반대비 보리는 9에서 60%, 5에서 56%, 밀은 3에서 25% 감수

② 중부지역 춘파 맥류 수량증대 기술개발
○ 중부지역 맥류 춘파재배에서 청보리는 생육특성과 종실수량, 총체건조중을 종합해 볼 때 ‘우호’보다 ‘영양’이 적합했음
- ‘영양’ 춘파재배 시 파종량을 25kg/10a, 기비+추비(질소 3kg/10a)함으로써 총체건조중이 추파대비 97% 수준이었음
- 종실수량은 432kg/10a로 추파대비 5% 증수
○ 중부지역에서 맥주보리 춘파재배로는 ‘광맥’보다 ‘호품’이 적합했음

③ 옥수수 재배와 저장 중 곰팡이 발생 경감기술 개발
○ 살충+살균제 처리에 의한 곰팡이독소 경감 효과
- DON(mg/kg): 3.34→1.04, zearalenone(μg/kg): 133.3→22.6
- Fusarium verticillioides, F. graminearum, F. equiseti 발생 감소
○ 수확시기에 따른 독소 함량 변화(수확 적기 → +20일 → +40일)
- Aflatoxin(μg/kg): 0.7→ 0.1→ 1.3
- DON(mg/kg): 3.3→ 11.8→ 16.5, Zearalenone(μg/kg): 133→ 2039→ 2899

④ 춘파밀 답리작 안전생산을 위한 파종방법 및 숙기단축 기술 연구
○ 발아 종자 이용한 춘파밀 파종 기술
- 침지, 건조 조건에서의 발아력, 유아 및 유근의 신장력은 처리시간이 길수록 떨어짐
- 품종 중 고소밀이 침지와 건조처리 조건에서 내재해성이 가장 강하였음
○ 춘파밀 숙기 단축 기술
- 생장억제제인 에세폰 처리시기가 빠를수록 간장단축과 수량감소가 컸으나 숙기단축에는 영향이 없음
- 건조제인 레그논은 출수 후 25~30일에 처리하였을 때 수확을 5일 앞당길 수 있으나 수당 립수 및 천립중의 저하로 수량이 75%수준으로 떨어짐

⑤ 거대억새 생산단지 내 토양 수분 환경이 억새 생육 및 출수에 미치는 영향 평가
○ 생식생장 전환기 토양 수분 증가는 억새 3종의 초장과 출수율을 증가시킴
- 토양 수분 증가로 인한 바이오매스 증가량은 억새 3종의 초장에서 모두 증가 하였으나, 경수, 엽수는 영향을 받지 않음
- 이질3배체와 거대1호의 출수율은 토양 수분이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 특히 거대1호 개화율은 48.1%(대조구 12.7%)로 증가하였음

(출처:요약문 p.3)

Abstract ▼

The objective of present study was focused on finding solutions on urgent issues, customer’s demands of the year. it also was focused on getting an information from proposed staff ideas for the further studies. 5 sub-projects were conducted in 2016 as follows

① Study on growth and yield accor

The objective of present study was focused on finding solutions on urgent issues, customer’s demands of the year. it also was focused on getting an information from proposed staff ideas for the further studies. 5 sub-projects were conducted in 2016 as follows

① Study on growth and yield according to over growth and moisture injury of wheat and barley before overwintering
This study was conducted to examine the impact of growth and yield of winter cereal crops related to the moisture injury and over growth before overwintering. Field investigation was carried out at farmer’s field where the moisture injure occurred in wheat and barley field sowed September 25 and barley field sowed September 30, 2016. The summary of this field investigation is as follows.

1. The weather conditions during the early stage of growth immediately after the sowing were that the average temperature was 0.2, 2.2 and 3.4℃ above the average year and theamount of precipitation was 7, 48, 20mm more than average for September, November and December, respectively. These abnormal high temperature and precipitation amount was regarded to be a reason of overgrowth in winter cereal crops.

2. The height of winter cereal crops sowed in early(before November 10) was 40cm at previous growth of over wintering and 15cm more tall than optimum sowed winter cereal crops. The young panicle length was 1.8 ~ 4.6mm.

3. The main stem of overgrowth barley was damaged by freezing injury. In contrast, the wheat were survived but the dry leaf developed. Therefore, barley was more damaged byovergrowth than wheat.

4. In barley, the main stem were completely withered and the tillering stems were newly developed and came into ears. But the yield was greatly decreased. In wheat, the main stem were survived but elongated. It caused a lodging and poor ripening that lead to reducing 1,000 kernel weight and increasing immature grain weight.

5. There was no effectiveness of stem cutting effect and had little effect of increasing additional fertilizer in overgrowth winter cereal crops. Increasing additional fertilizer amount by 50% compared to standard fertilization amount was more effective. The number of additional fertilizer application was more effective in one time than two times split application.

6. The yield of overgrowth barley and wheat decreased 51% and 57% compared to control(barley 3.82ton/ha, wheat 4.03ton/ha), respectively. In no stem cutting condition and one time fertilizer application, barley and wheat yield increased by 22% and 20%,respectively as increasing additional fertilizer amount by 50% compared to the control.
And it was possible to increase wheat yield by 50% as increasing additional fertilizer amount by 100% compared to standard fertilization amount.

7. Wet injury degree of early sowed barely and wheat were about 3 and 5~9, respectively.
It means that wet injure broken out more severely in barley than wheat.

8. There was three main component of yield loss : decreasing number of spike per m2 and 1,000 kernel weight, increasing immature grain weight.

9. The yield loss of barley decreased by 60 and 56% compare to the control at the wet injure degree of 9 and 5, respectively. And the yield loss of wheat decreased by 25% compare to the control at the wet injure degree of 3.

10. There was no significant difference between 50% and 100 increasing additional fertilizer amount in wet injure condition. So, It could be possible to raise the yield by 10% as one times application of 50% increased additional fertilizer amount at the wet injure degree of 3.

② Technical develpment for increasing yield of spring-sown barley in cetral area
Recently, raining is frequent during sowing time of autumn-sown barley, because of the unforeseen weather conditions by global warming, As raining prevents barley sowing at autumn often, barley cultivation areas has decreased. Spring-sown barley method has been disseminated at southern area in Korea to maintain the barley cultivation areas and productions, This study was conducted to investigate the effects of seeding rate andnitrogen rates at top dress to increase the productivity of the spring-sown barley compared to that of autumn-sown at central area in Korea. In 25 kg/10a seeding rate and 3kg/10a nitrogen rate at top dress treatment, the average dry weight of whole crop silage barley, ‘Youngyang’, was 1,018 kg/10a. It was about 97% of whole crop in autumn-sown barley.

③ Development of the fungi and mycotoxin reduction technology during cultivation and storage period of maize(Z ea mays L.)
The effects of insecticide and fungicide treatment were investigated to reduce the mycotoxin of corn(Zea mays L.). As a result, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content were lower than untreated, but aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, fumonisin, and T-2 toxin did not show the effect of chemical treatment. The effect of chemical treatment on the fungi of the grains did not affect the growth of saprophyte, but the occurrence of pathogens such as Fusarium verticillioides, F. graminearum and F. equiseti was inhibited. As the harvesting period was delayed, the detection rate of Fusarium spp. was increased. Harvesting at 20-day intervals from the harvest time and examining differences in mycotoxin content, aflatoxin had the lowest content at the second harvesting period and deoxynivalenol and zearalenone had higher content at the latest harvest time. However, the content of fumonisin was similar regardless of harvesting period. The major nutrient contents such as carbohydrate, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber and crude as were not significantly different according to harvesting period. The toxin content of each sampling period according to the storage method was not find any evidence that the mycotoxin content increased after April, but the mycotoxin content was influenced by the contamination of the pathogen-infected grains in the sample collection. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of pathogen between storage methods. However, the content of zearalenone was higher when stored at room temperature in the plastic container, and the content of aflatoxin, ochratoxin, T-2 toxin, and fumonisin were higher when stored at room temperature in the polypropylene bag. Mycotoxin content was not significantly different depending on the amount of mixed brown-colored grain, but the content of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and fumonisin were increased according to the amount of mixed red-colored grains. F. graminearum, F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and Giberella zeae were higher detected in red-colored grains.

④ Study to the stable production and short maturing of spring wheat in paddy condition
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of pre-germination soaking on germination and Ethephon, Diquat Dibromide treatment for stable production of spring wheat in paddy condition. The results obtained that germination rate of wheat seeds was decreased as amount of soaking water and soaking duration in number of days. As for Ethephon treatment, the heading stage is 1 days faster that when there is no treatment. The culm length get shorther as early treatment and yield less than no treatment. In case of desiccant treatment, the seed moisture content much decrease than desiccant no treatment. As for the harvest time after treatment of desiccant, the treatment at 25days and 30days after heading is 5days faster than desicaant no treatment. But yield get decrease as early desicaant treatment.

⑤ The effect of soil water conditions on growth and heading of Miscanthus
Recently, it is adopted by concensus on December 2015 to Paris Agreement which limit the global average temperature rise to 2℃ and accelerate the point at reduction of greenhouse gas emission. The expansion of the bioenergy production depends on stable supply of biomass through the cultivation of large-scale biomass crop. Miscanthus which produced a lot of biomass is a promising biomass resource crop and is cultivated in waterside areas across the country. In order to stably cultivate planted Miscanthus in the waterside area, we monitored the growth of the crop under excessive soil moisture. The increase in plant height caused by excessive soil moisture was observed in all major Miscanthus three species, such M. sacchriflorus, M. x giganteus and Geodea 1(M. sacchriflorus, cultivar.), especially, M. sacchriflorus was the highest. But diameter and number of leaves not effected. Also, under excessive soil moisture, early heading was observed in the M. sacchriflorus, but it did not affect the final flowering rate. Under excessive soil moisture, flowering rate of M. sacchriflorus and Geodea 1 was higher as under normal condition. Especially, flowering rate of Geodea 1 was increased from 12.7% in the normal condition to 48.1% in the flooding condition, and it was satisfied 20% or more of the minimum flowering rate of ornamental M. sacchriflorus. As the results, it is considered that the excessive soil moisture at the transition stage of reproductive growth of the Miscanthus threes species increases the plant height and flowering rate.

(출처:SUMMARY p.7)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 7
• 목차 ... 11
• 제1장 서 론 ... 12
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 15
• 제1절 국내외 연구 현황 ... 15
• 제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 19
• 제1절 재료 및 방법 ... 19
• 제2절 시험결과 ... 23
• 제4장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 48
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 51
• 제6장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 53
• 제7장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 53
• 제8장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 53
• 제9장 참고문헌 ... 54
• 끝페이지 ... 60