초록 ▼

전 세계적으로 육상순환양식시스템에서 배출되는 고형오물에 의한 환경문제는 날로 그 정도가 심각해지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 수산양식과 발효공학의 융합기술을 활용하여 고형 오물을 해 삼사료자원 화를 시 도하였다.
1. 고형오물을 그대로 해삼에게 급여한 결과 대조구(상품사료)에 비하여 그 정도가 50% 정도의 수준에 그쳤으나，발효공정을 통하여 거의 동등한 수준으로 개선하였다.
2. 본 연구를 통하여 육상양식장 고형오물을 해삼사료자원화할 수 있는 발효공정기술을 확립하였다.
3. 현장실증실험을 통한 경제성분석에서도 매우 유용

전 세계적으로 육상순환양식시스템에서 배출되는 고형오물에 의한 환경문제는 날로 그 정도가 심각해지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 수산양식과 발효공학의 융합기술을 활용하여 고형 오물을 해 삼사료자원 화를 시 도하였다.
1. 고형오물을 그대로 해삼에게 급여한 결과 대조구(상품사료)에 비하여 그 정도가 50% 정도의 수준에 그쳤으나，발효공정을 통하여 거의 동등한 수준으로 개선하였다.
2. 본 연구를 통하여 육상양식장 고형오물을 해삼사료자원화할 수 있는 발효공정기술을 확립하였다.
3. 현장실증실험을 통한 경제성분석에서도 매우 유용한 결과를 얻었다.

(출처 : 보고서 요약서 3p)

Abstract ▼

IV. Research and Development Results

1. Physiochemical properties of faecal solids of land fish farms

1) To improve the collection efficiency of faecal solids, a 1-ton specialized collection vehicle was used.

2) Faecal solids collected from a eels farm consisted of 10.9% protein

IV. Research and Development Results

1. Physiochemical properties of faecal solids of land fish farms

1) To improve the collection efficiency of faecal solids, a 1-ton specialized collection vehicle was used.

2) Faecal solids collected from a eels farm consisted of 10.9% protein, 1.2% lipid, 85.8% ash, and 72.2% moisture. That collected from a rainbow trout farm consisted of 20.5% protein, 3.2% lipid, 70.9% ash, and 87.0% moisture.

3) The contents of heavy metal (chrome, lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic) in the faecal solids and sea cucumbers were lower than the limits set according to Control of Livestock and Fish Feed Act Article 14, Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Announcement no. 2009-195 (March 20, 2009).

4) Residual antibiotics, aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2), ochratoxin A, amoxicillin, and oxytetracycline were not found in the sample of the faecal solids and sea cucumbers.

2. Test: Feeding faecal solids directly to sea cucumbers

After faecal solids produced from fish farms of eels and rainbow trout, which are two of the most common types of aquaculture species in South Korea, were directly fed to sea cucumbers, the feed value was evaluated as follows:

1) The eels faeces group grew from 3.04 g in the beginning to 6.65 g, and the rainbow trout faeces group to 6.85 g. The commercial feed group grew to 11.14 g. Although there was no significant difference in growth between the two types of faecal solid, both showed a low level of growth, i.e., 50% of that of the commercial feed group.

2) As for the survival rate, there was no death in any of the groups during the experiment.

3) Regarding the energy balance, the percentages of growth energy (G) compared to energy ingested (C) of the eels faeces, rainbow trout faeces, and commercial feed groups were 9.05%, 5.57%, and 9.33%, respectively.

3. Test: feeding fermented faecal solids to sea cucumbers

When faecal solids were directly fed to sea cucumbers, the growth rate was very low, 50%, in comparison to the control group. Therefore, to increase the utilization ratio of the faecal solid, a fermentation process was applied to improve the feed quality and the result was as follows:

1) When the growths before and after fermentation were compared, the juvenile was 11.5g in the beginning of the experiment and the weights of the sea cucumbers increased to 54.6g on average in the eels faeces group, 56.0g in the rainbow trout faeces group, and 55.4g in the commercial feed group.

2) The survival rate was 100% in all of the three groups.

3) The feed coefficients of the two experimental groups ranged between 2.80 and 2.95.

4) The protein digestibility was 25.1% in the fermented feeds, 20.8% in the commercial feed. The lipid digestibility was 36.8% in the fermented feeds and 34.6% in the commercial feeds, which were much higher than the protein digestibility results.

5) During the experiment period, the water temperature was 17±1℃, DO 5.5~7.2 mg/L, pH 7.8~8.2, salinity 32~33psu, and TAN of the farming tank 0.15~0.21mg/L.

4. Field test

The following are results of farming sea cucumbers in the site：

1) 175 juvenile sea cucumber of average weight of 20g (total weight 3.5kg) were placed in two rectangular concrete farming tanks (5m × 2m × 1m) each. After 15 months, the average weight of fermented feed group increased to 258g and the control group (commercial feed) to 254g.

2) The same amount of feed 125kg was provided to both the fermented feed group and control group during the experiment, and the feed coefficients (FC) were 4.09 and 4.27 respectively, and SGR 0.57%/day and 0.56%/day respectively.

3) The survival rate was slightly higher in the fermented feed group 75.43% compared to the control group 73.71%.

5. Analysis of body composition and health of sea cucumbers

In this study, the effects of the faecal solid on body composition and health of sea cucumbers were as follows：

1) The content of chondroitin in sea cucumbers in the beginning of the experiment was 46.1±2.4 mg/g in both groups. After one month of feeding, it increased to 53.3±1.3 mg/g in the fermented feed group and 55.3±5.2 mg/g in the control (commercial feed) group. In the second month, it decreased to 37.2±1.4 mg/g and 50.9±0.7 mg/g, respectively.

2) There was no difference in body color of the sea cucumbers between the two groups.

6. Optimization of fermentation conditions and production of fermented feed

1) In micro-aerophiles in which the faecal solids are mixed with rice bran at the ratio of 1:1 (w/w) and then fermented for a few days, two strains, i.e., Pediococcus pentosaceus SG-L1 and Lactobaclus brevis SG-S1, selectively proliferated and removed the unpleasant odor during fermentation. These two lactobacillus strains were registered as new strains in microbial preservation period.

2) We established the 4-step fermentation process in the pilot scale and optimized pilot-scale fermentation conditions.

3) Based on the results, a fermentation facility was set up and 100kg of fermented feed for the field test was produced by using the on-site equipment.

7. Economic analysis

Considering the growing rate, feed coefficient, feed unit cost, etc., the proposed feed showed more economic benefits than the commercial feed in the study.

(출처 : SUMMARY 12p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제 출 문 ... 2
• 보고서 요약서 ... 3
• 요약문 ... 4
• SUMMARY ... 10
• CONTENTS ... 18
• 목차 ... 21
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 24
• 제 1 절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 24
• 1. 기술개발의 필요성 ... 24
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 26
• 제 1 절 관련기술의 국내외현황 및 문제점 ... 26
• 1. 국내의 경우 ... 26
• 2. 국외의 경우 ... 27
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 30
• 제 1 절 육상양식장 고형오물의 이화학적 특성 ... 30
• 1. 육상양식장 고형오물의 채취 ... 30
• 2. 고형오물 수거 장치의 고도화 ... 32
• 3. 채취한 고형오물의 이화학적 성분분석 ... 33
• 4. 고형오물에 함유된 중금속 및 잔류 항생물질 함량 ... 46
• 5. 고형오물에 함유된 유기물 이용성 ... 51
• 6. 고형오물을 바이오플락으로 전환 ... 54
• 7. 바이오플락을 이용한 해삼 급이 실험 ... 62
• 제 2 절 고형오물을 그대로 해삼에게 급여한 사육실험 ... 65
• 1. 치삼(雅憂)의 성장실험 ... 65
• 2. 유삼(幼憂) 및 성삼(成憂)의 성장 실험 ... 77
• 3. 고형오물에 함유된 영양소의 소화흡수율 ... 81
• 4. 고형오물에 함유된 에너지 소화흡수율 ... 85
• 제 3 절 고형오물을 발효시켜 해삼에게 급여한 사육실험 ... 90
• 1. 치삼의 성장실험 ... 90
• 2. 발효사료의 소화흡수율 ... 99
• 3. 발효사료의 에너지 소화흡수율 ... 101
• 제 4 절 현장실증실험 ... 102
• 1. Pilot 규모에서의 사육실험 ... 102
• 2. 육상탱크양식장에서 현장실증실험 ... 111
• 3. 노지 양식장에서의 현장실증실험 ... 119
• 4. 노지양식장에서 채롱양식에 의한 현장실증실험 ... 123
• 제 5 절 해삼 체성분 및 건강도 분석 ... 124
• 1. 해삼 체성분 분석 ... 124
• 2. 실험해삼의 건강도 분석 ... 129
• 3. 실험해삼의 가공비교 ... 133
• 4. 실험해삼의 기능성 성분 분석 ... 135
• 5. 식미테스트 ... 139
• 제 6 절 발효 조건의 최적화 및 발효사료 제조 ... 141
• 1. 육상양식장 고형오물의 시기별 특성 및 미생물 조사 ... 141
• 2. 발효사료의 원료 확보 ... 146
• 3. 발효 사료 제조 ... 148
• 4. 각 발효 단계별 시료의 채취 및 분석 ... 155
• 5. 고초균의 종균의 대량 배양 ... 163
• 제 7 절 경제성 분석 ... 168
• 1. 현장실용화를 위한 발효사료의 경제성 분석 ... 168
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 170
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 171
• 제 1 절 연구개발 성과 ... 171
• 제 2 절 연구개발 성과활용계획 ... 172
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 173
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 175
• 끝페이지 ... 185