초록

- 스토킹 등의 범주와 관련 정책 현황
- 스토킹 처벌 및 피해자 보호 관련 정책 강화 방안
- 스토킹 처벌 및 피해자 보호 법제화 방안 검토

(출처 : 프리즘)

Abstract ▼

Korean society has been aware of the seriousness of violence against women, including sexual and domestic violence, and has been continuously establishing legal systems to eradicate such violence. However, despite the fact that women constitute most of the victims of stalking and dating violence, le

Korean society has been aware of the seriousness of violence against women, including sexual and domestic violence, and has been continuously establishing legal systems to eradicate such violence. However, despite the fact that women constitute most of the victims of stalking and dating violence, legal regulations are still weak in these areas, which have not been addressed by the efforts to protect women.
Currently, stalking and dating violence can be punished under the Criminal Act if such behavior amounts to an established crime, such as violence(Article 260), intimidation(Article 283), intrusion upon human habitation(Article 317), illegal search of human habitation and body(Article 321), defamation(Article 307), insult(Article 311), and coercion(Article 324).
In addition, as the Punishment of Minor Offenses Act was fully amended on March 21, 2012, stalking came to be punished according to Article 3 Paragraph 1 (41) of the Act under the title “consistent harrassment”: Any person who requests to meet or date by consistently attempting approaches any third person or watches, follows, or secretly waits for any third party against the explicit will of the person shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand won, by misdemeanor imprisonment, or by a minor fine. Accordingly, stalking was included in the legal regulations and thus a legal basis for punishing stalking was provided, albeit being at a weak level.
However, even if stalking and dating violence can be punished by applying the above-mentioned Criminal Act and Punishment of Minor Offenses Act, these laws catch the outer superficial behavior only and fall short of fundamental regulations. In the case of violence in relationships such as stalking and dating violence, most victims have already been delivered serious injuries when their assailants can be punished by applying the current criminal regulations. Also, it is crucial to protect the victims and prevent damage or injury before the occurrence of such violence, because unlike other crimes, such behavior as even very weak violence at first may gradually develop into a serious crime of violence. The regulations of the present Punishment of Minor Offenses Act are limited in that the sentence for minor offences is extremely limited.
According to statistical data of the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, the National Police Agency, and the Korea Sexual Violence Relief Center, the numbers of stalking and dating violence cases have not recently decreased and the types of crimes are those of very intense violence, including murder, foul play, sexual violence, bodily injury, destruction and damage of property. Therefore, the government recognized the seriousness of stalking and dating violence and concluded “the Performance of Implementing the Project to Eradicate Four Major Social Evils and 2016 Plans” in its national policy coordination meeting on January 28, 2016. It is currently reviewing measures for making laws to reinforce prevention and punishment of stalking.
In this situation, this study aims to improve laws related to stalking and dating violence by preparing policy measures and bills concerning the protection of victims and punishment of offenders in order to raise the national safety awareness of stalking and dating violence.
This study includes the following contents:
First, it examined the current state of stalking and dating violence and analyzed their characteristics in reference to the official statistical data on crimes issued by the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office and the National Police Agency, statistical data of counseling provided by support centers for female victims of violence, and the government’s survey data on sexual violence.
Second, it looked into the current laws on stalking and dating violence and analyzed their limitations. To this end, the study reviewed i) applicability and limitations of particulars of the Criminal Act, including intimidation (Article 283), special intimidation (Article 284), defamation (Article 307), insult (Article 311), coercion (Article 324), inflicting bodily injury (Article 257), intrusion on human habitation (Article 319), illegal search of human habitation and body (Article 321), extortion (Article 350), and destruction and damage, etc. of property (Article 366), ii) applicability and limitations of the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc. of Sexual Crimes, the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc. of Crimes of Domestic Violence, and Act on the Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc., ) applicability and limitations of “consistent harrassment” ⅲ of Article 3 Paragraph 1(41) of the Punishment of Minor Offenses Act, and ⅳ) applicability and limitations of the Act on the Performance of Duties by Police Officers, which has the nature of general law on police enforcement.
Third, it conducted in-depth interviews with investigators or the police related to stalking and dating violence and workers at support centers for victims of sexual and domestic violence, including counseling centers and shelters for victims of violence. Through the interviews, we surveyed the interviewees’ experiences and problems of taking actions concerning the punishment of stalking and dating violence, and identified their experiences and difficulties of supporting the victims of violence. In other words, we additionally examined the applicability and limitations of related legal systems through the in-depth interviews.
Fourth, it analyzed overseas legislative cases of stalking and dating violence. We compared ways of regulation by laws (regulation by criminal law, regulation by special law) in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan, legal concepts of stalking, its requirements, crime subject to victim’s complaint or not, the scope of the sentence, and measures for protecting the victims, then identified implications for South Korea.
Fifth, it examined protective measures for victims in the existing support systems for victims of sexual and domestic violence and identified their problems in order to prepare ways for protecting and supporting victims of stalking and dating violence. Then we made suggestions for specific protective measures, including protection order, safety measures, and protection of personal information for victims of stalking and dating violence. In the same manner as described above, we reviewed the problems of the current system regarding the measures for punishing offenders of stalking and dating violence, then prepared measures for punishing the offenders and preventing repeated crimes. In particular, in preparing ways for complementing these systems, we reviewed bills on stalking that had been recently proposed since the 19th term National Assembly and referred to the strong and weak points of the bills.
Lastly, based on the above-mentioned discussions, the study presented measures for improving the legislation on the punishment of stalking and date violence and protection of the victims. In other words, we examined a few feasible measures for improving the legislation from the perspective of prevention and protection of the victims of stalking and dating violence, then, in conclusion, prepared a draft proposal for legislating a law on the punishment of stalking crimes and protection of the victims.

(출처 : Abstract 204p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 연구 요약 ... 4
• 목차 ... 24
• 표목차 ... 28
• 그림목차 ... 29
• Ⅰ 서 론 ... 30
• 1. 연구목적 및 필요성 ... 32
• 2. 연구내용 및 방법 ... 34
• 가. 연구내용 ... 34
• 나. 연구방법 ... 36
• Ⅱ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 실태 및 특징 ... 38
• 1. 스토킹･데이트 폭력 발생 실태 ... 40
• 2. 스토킹･데이트 폭력 처벌 현황 ... 45
• 3. 스토킹･데이트 폭력 가해 및 피해 유형 ... 46
• 4. 스토킹･데이트 폭력의 특징 ... 49
• 5. 소결 ... 51
• Ⅲ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 대응 현행 법제 현황 및 한계 ... 54
• 1. 형사법적 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 56
• 가. 형법 각칙의 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 56
• 나. 특별형법의 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 57
• 다. 「경범죄처벌법」 적용과 한계 ... 59
• 2. 경찰법적 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 61
• 가. 「경찰관직무집행법」의 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 61
• 나. 가정폭력 가해자에 대한 긴급임시조치 적용 가능성 및 한계 ... 63
• 3. 소결 ... 64
• Ⅳ 관계자 심층면접을 통한 관련 법제도의 적용 현황 및 한계 ... 66
• 1. 심층면접 방법 ... 68
• 2. 수사기관 관계자 심층면접 결과 ... 68
• 가. 스토킹 데이트 폭력 관련 대응 현황 ... 68
• 나. 현행 제도의 한계: 법적 근거 미비의 문제점 ... 69
• 다. 스토킹 데이트 폭력 관련 대응이 필요한 이유 ... 72
• 라. 향후 법제 정비 방향 ... 74
• 3. 피해자 지원기관 관계자 심층면접 결과 ... 77
• 가. 현행 대응체계의 문제점 ... 77
• 나. 스토킹 데이트 폭력 관련 법 제정 필요성 ... 80
• 다. 법률 제정 관련 쟁점 ... 82
• 4. 소결 ... 88
• Ⅴ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 관련 외국의 입법례 분석 ... 90
• 1. 각국의 스토킹 규제 관련법의 일반적 특징 ... 92
• 가. 스토킹 개념의 포괄성과 그 적용상의 한계 ... 92
• 나. 입법 유형의 차이: 형법에 의한 규제와 특별법에 의한 규제 ... 97
• 다. 피해 결과를 범죄의 구성요건으로 포함하는가의 여부 ... 99
• 라. 가해자의 의도 판단 여부 ... 100
• 마. 친고죄 여부 ... 101
• 바. 형량의 범위 ... 102
• 사. 피해자의 보호 ... 104
• 2. 스토킹 규제 관련 각국의 입법례 ... 108
• 가. 미국 ... 108
• 나. 호주 ... 113
• 다. 영국 ... 115
• 라. 일본 ... 116
• 마. 독일 ... 118
• 바. 기타 국가 ... 120
• 3. 데이트 폭력 관련 각국의 입법례 ... 123
• 가. 미국 ... 124
• 나. 영국 ... 127
• 다. 일본 ... 128
• 4. 소결 ... 129
• Ⅵ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 피해자 보호와 지원 방안 ... 130
• 1. 피해자 보호 및 지원 현황과 문제점 ... 132
• 가. 지원 현황 ... 132
• 나. 문제점 ... 146
• 2. 피해자 보호 및 지원 방안 ... 149
• 가. 상담소 및 보호·지원시설 ... 149
• 나. 피해자 개인정보 보호 ... 151
• 다. 신변안전조치 ... 152
• 라. 피해자에 대한 정보 제공 ... 153
• 마. 수사 및 재판절차에서의 보호 및 지원 ... 153
• 바. 피해자에 대한 불이익 금지 ... 154
• 3. 소결 ... 154
• Ⅶ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 가해자 처벌 방안 ... 156
• 1. 가해자 조치 현황 및 문제점 ... 158
• 2. 가해자 처벌 및 재범 방지 방안 ... 159
• 3. 소결 ... 163
• Ⅷ 스토킹･데이트 폭력 처벌 및 피해자 보호법제 정비 방안 ... 166
• 1. 스토킹･데이트 폭력 처벌 및 피해자 보호를 위한 법제 정비방안 ... 168
• 가. 형법 개정 ... 168
• 나. 「가정폭력처벌법」 개정 ... 169
• 다. 「성폭력처벌법」 개정 ... 170
• 라. 특별법 제정 ... 171
• 2. 제19대 국회 이후 발의된 스토킹 관련 법안의 주요 내용 및 과제 ... 172
• 가. 스토킹 정의 ... 173
• 나. 스토킹 행위자 규제 ... 175
• 다. 스토킹 피해자 지원 ... 179
• 3. 스토킹 범죄의 처벌 및 피해자보호 등에 관한 법률 제정안 시안 ... 186
• 가. 법안의 구성체계 ... 186
• 나. 법안의 주요 골자 ... 187
• 다. 법안 시안 ... 190
• 참고문헌 ... 198
• Abstract ... 204
• 끝페이지 ... 209