<국문초록> 본 연구는 본 연구는 태권도 540°회전발차기 기술의 동작에 대한 기술적 특성과 운동학적 요인들을 규명하기위하여 숙련자3명과 비숙련자 3명을 대상으로 역학적 변인들의 정량적인 자료를 확보함으로 시범 발차기 지도시 기초자료 로 이용하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적에 도달하기 위하여 도약에서 임팩트 동작까지 3차원영상분석을 통하여 각 이벤트마다 운동학적으로 분석을 하여 회전발차기시 숙련자와 비숙련자의 차이를 분석하였다. 영상분석을 통하여 태권도 540°회전발차기시 각 이벤트마다 연구 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째 신체중심의 수평변위는 숙련자 그룹의 이동 거리가 비 숙련자에 비해 평균18cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 수직이동 거리는 숙련자에 비해 평균3cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 ...
<국문초록> 본 연구는 본 연구는 태권도 540°회전발차기 기술의 동작에 대한 기술적 특성과 운동학적 요인들을 규명하기위하여 숙련자3명과 비숙련자 3명을 대상으로 역학적 변인들의 정량적인 자료를 확보함으로 시범 발차기 지도시 기초자료 로 이용하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적에 도달하기 위하여 도약에서 임팩트 동작까지 3차원영상분석을 통하여 각 이벤트마다 운동학적으로 분석을 하여 회전발차기시 숙련자와 비숙련자의 차이를 분석하였다. 영상분석을 통하여 태권도 540°회전발차기시 각 이벤트마다 연구 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째 신체중심의 수평변위는 숙련자 그룹의 이동 거리가 비 숙련자에 비해 평균18cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 수직이동 거리는 숙련자에 비해 평균3cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 Y축 방향으로 더욱 작은 범위에서, Z방향으로 숙련자가 더 높이 도약한 결과로 더욱 높이 뛸 수 있는 점프력 훈련이 필요하다. 둘째 전체 동작수행 시 소요시간을 100%로 보면, 숙련자는 1구간에서 0.45sec로 45%, 2구간에서 0.28sec로 28%, 3구간에서 24sec로 25%, 마지막 4구간에서는 0.19sec로 19%의 비율로 나타났다. 반면 비숙련자의 경우는 1구간에서 0.41sec로 44%, 2구간에서는 0.31sec로 29%, 3구간에서는 0.23sec로 22%, 마지막 4구간에서는 0.31sec로 28%의 비율로 나타났다. 이는 3구간 공중회전구간과 4구간인 임팩트 구간 에서 시간차이가 있음으로 공중회전구간의 체공시간을 더욱 늘려야 하며, 임팩트 구간은 단축시키는 것이 동작수행의 효율성에 도움이 된다. 셋째 신체중심의 합성속도에서 숙련자의 최고속도는 임팩트에서 220.29cm/s이었으며, 그다음이 공중회전에서 214.84cm/s, 그리고 도약이 105.20cm/s의 순서였다. 이에 비교해 비숙련자의 최고속도는 공중회전이 167.39cm/s이었다. 그러므로 비숙련자의 임팩트 와 공중회전의 합성속도를 올리는 훈련이 필요하다. 또한 차는발의 합성속도역시 임팩트시 숙련자의 평균값은 1,022.83cm/s, 비숙련자의 평균값은 780.32cm/s로 그 차이 값이 242.51cm/s에 달하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째 각도의요인 에서 전경각은 최고점구간에서 숙련자와 비숙련자 집단간의 평균값의 차이는 27.24°차이가 있었다. 또한 5국면인 임팩트 순간의 전경각의 차이는 8.32°로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 최고점구간에서 몸통의 각도가 지면과 수평이 될 수록 540°회전 발차기 동작이 원할히 이루어 질수 있다. 특히 어깨관절의 경우 1국면 64.3°, 2국면78.85°, 3국면107.25°, 4국면60.71°, 5국면117.58° 으로 1국면에서 3국면까지는 회전력을 얻기위해 최대로 펴졌다가 최고점에서는 최소각이 되고 다시 임팩트점에서 는 각이 넓어짐을 보여준다. 비 숙련자와 의 차이 또한 뚜렷하여 1국면에서는 -10.6°차를 보였으며, 2국면1.79°, 3국면-5.85°, 4국면-22.65°, 5국면6.76°의 차이를 보였다. 다섯째 각속도의 변인중 숙련자의 머리각속도는 최고점인 4국면에서 346.56deg/s이었으며, 임팩트인 5국면 265.21deg/s, 지면회전인 2국면에서216.91deg/s, 공중회전동작인 3국면에서 102.92deg/s의 순서였다. 이에 비교해 비숙련자는 최고점인 4국면에서 234.62deg/s, 임팩트인 5국면 에서 195.67deg/s, 공중회전동작인 3국면 에서 102.92deg/s, 지면회전인 2국면이 97.04deg/s의 값을 보였다. 이는 숙련자의 머리각속도가 4국면-5국면-2국면-3국면-1국면 인데 비해 비숙련자는 4국면-5국면-3국면-2국면-1국면의 순서를 보여 지면에서 머리각속도가 훨씬더 떨어져 있음을 보여준다. 이는 지면회전에서 충분한 회전 에너지를 얻지 못한 상태에서 다음 공중회전 동작을 수행하므로 인해 원활한 발차기를 수행하지 못하는 것으로 사료되며, 지면에서의 회전력 연습을 충분히 수행해야한다.
<국문초록> 본 연구는 본 연구는 태권도 540°회전발차기 기술의 동작에 대한 기술적 특성과 운동학적 요인들을 규명하기위하여 숙련자3명과 비숙련자 3명을 대상으로 역학적 변인들의 정량적인 자료를 확보함으로 시범 발차기 지도시 기초자료 로 이용하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적에 도달하기 위하여 도약에서 임팩트 동작까지 3차원 영상분석을 통하여 각 이벤트마다 운동학적으로 분석을 하여 회전발차기시 숙련자와 비숙련자의 차이를 분석하였다. 영상분석을 통하여 태권도 540°회전발차기시 각 이벤트마다 연구 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째 신체중심의 수평변위는 숙련자 그룹의 이동 거리가 비 숙련자에 비해 평균18cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 수직이동 거리는 숙련자에 비해 평균3cm 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 Y축 방향으로 더욱 작은 범위에서, Z방향으로 숙련자가 더 높이 도약한 결과로 더욱 높이 뛸 수 있는 점프력 훈련이 필요하다. 둘째 전체 동작수행 시 소요시간을 100%로 보면, 숙련자는 1구간에서 0.45sec로 45%, 2구간에서 0.28sec로 28%, 3구간에서 24sec로 25%, 마지막 4구간에서는 0.19sec로 19%의 비율로 나타났다. 반면 비숙련자의 경우는 1구간에서 0.41sec로 44%, 2구간에서는 0.31sec로 29%, 3구간에서는 0.23sec로 22%, 마지막 4구간에서는 0.31sec로 28%의 비율로 나타났다. 이는 3구간 공중회전구간과 4구간인 임팩트 구간 에서 시간차이가 있음으로 공중회전구간의 체공시간을 더욱 늘려야 하며, 임팩트 구간은 단축시키는 것이 동작수행의 효율성에 도움이 된다. 셋째 신체중심의 합성속도에서 숙련자의 최고속도는 임팩트에서 220.29cm/s이었으며, 그다음이 공중회전에서 214.84cm/s, 그리고 도약이 105.20cm/s의 순서였다. 이에 비교해 비숙련자의 최고속도는 공중회전이 167.39cm/s이었다. 그러므로 비숙련자의 임팩트 와 공중회전의 합성속도를 올리는 훈련이 필요하다. 또한 차는발의 합성속도역시 임팩트시 숙련자의 평균값은 1,022.83cm/s, 비숙련자의 평균값은 780.32cm/s로 그 차이 값이 242.51cm/s에 달하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째 각도의요인 에서 전경각은 최고점구간에서 숙련자와 비숙련자 집단간의 평균값의 차이는 27.24°차이가 있었다. 또한 5국면인 임팩트 순간의 전경각의 차이는 8.32°로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 최고점구간에서 몸통의 각도가 지면과 수평이 될 수록 540°회전 발차기 동작이 원할히 이루어 질수 있다. 특히 어깨관절의 경우 1국면 64.3°, 2국면78.85°, 3국면107.25°, 4국면60.71°, 5국면117.58° 으로 1국면에서 3국면까지는 회전력을 얻기위해 최대로 펴졌다가 최고점에서는 최소각이 되고 다시 임팩트점에서 는 각이 넓어짐을 보여준다. 비 숙련자와 의 차이 또한 뚜렷하여 1국면에서는 -10.6°차를 보였으며, 2국면1.79°, 3국면-5.85°, 4국면-22.65°, 5국면6.76°의 차이를 보였다. 다섯째 각속도의 변인중 숙련자의 머리각속도는 최고점인 4국면에서 346.56deg/s이었으며, 임팩트인 5국면 265.21deg/s, 지면회전인 2국면에서216.91deg/s, 공중회전동작인 3국면에서 102.92deg/s의 순서였다. 이에 비교해 비숙련자는 최고점인 4국면에서 234.62deg/s, 임팩트인 5국면 에서 195.67deg/s, 공중회전동작인 3국면 에서 102.92deg/s, 지면회전인 2국면이 97.04deg/s의 값을 보였다. 이는 숙련자의 머리각속도가 4국면-5국면-2국면-3국면-1국면 인데 비해 비숙련자는 4국면-5국면-3국면-2국면-1국면의 순서를 보여 지면에서 머리각속도가 훨씬더 떨어져 있음을 보여준다. 이는 지면회전에서 충분한 회전 에너지를 얻지 못한 상태에서 다음 공중회전 동작을 수행하므로 인해 원활한 발차기를 수행하지 못하는 것으로 사료되며, 지면에서의 회전력 연습을 충분히 수행해야한다.
The purpose of this study is to find out technical characteristics and kinematical factors on the movement of 540° turning Kicking in Taekwondo, obtain quantitative data on mechanical variables with respect to 3 skilled persons and 3 unskilled persons, and thus use such data as basic data in instru...
The purpose of this study is to find out technical characteristics and kinematical factors on the movement of 540° turning Kicking in Taekwondo, obtain quantitative data on mechanical variables with respect to 3 skilled persons and 3 unskilled persons, and thus use such data as basic data in instructing a demonstrative kicking. To reach such a research purpose, the 3 dimensional image analysis was conducted from a jump to an impact movement and kinematical analysis was made per each event. And the difference in between an skilled person and an unskilled person was analyzed in case of a turning kicking. As a result of analyzing the research on each event at the time of 540° turning kicking in Taekwondo through an image analysis, the following conclusion was obtained. 1. In terms of a horizontal displacement based on a body, the distance of moving in an skilled person group was shorter by 18cm in average than an unskilled person. The distance of vertical moving was shorter by 3cm in average than an skilled person. This is the result of a higher jump by an skilled person to Z direction in a much smaller scope to Y-axis, which shows a necessity of a training on jumping ability to jump higher. 2. If the time consumed at the time of performing the entire movement is 100%, an skilled person showed 0.45sec in the first section, which was 45%, 0.28sec in the second section, which was 28%, 0.24sec in the third section, which was 25%, and 0.19sec in the last fourth section, which was 19%. On the other hand, an unskilled person showed 0.41sec in the first section, which was 44%, 0.31sec in the second section, which was 29%, 0.23sec in the third section, which was 22%, and 0.31sec in the last fourth section, which was 28%. This proves a time difference in a rotating section in the air, which is the third section and in an impact section, which is the fourth section. It is necessary to further increase the time staying in the air in case of a rotating section in the air and to shorten the impact section, which will be helpful in terms of efficiency in performing the movement. 3. In case of a body-based synthetic speed, the highest speed in an skilled person was 220.29cm/s at the time of an impact followed by 214.84cm/s at the time of a rotation in the air and 105.20cm/s at the time of a jump. In contrast to this, in case of an unskilled person, the highest speed was 167.39cm/s at the time of a rotation in the air. Subsequently, it is necessary to have a training to improve a synthetic speed of impact and rotation in the air for an unskilled person. In addition, at the time of an impact in terms of a synthetic speed of a kicking foot kicking, the average value of an skilled person was 1,022.83cm/s and the average value of an unskilled person was 780.32cm/s. It was found out that the difference value reached 242.51cm/s. 4. In respect of a factor in angle, the forward degree at the highest point section showed the difference in average value in between an skilled person and an unskilled person by 27.24°. Moreover, the difference in forward degree at the moment of an impact, which was the phase 5 was 8.32°. According to such a result, it is found out that as an angle of a body at the highest point section gets horizontal with a ground, the movement of 540° turning kicking can be satisfactorily made. In particular, in case of a shoulder joint, the phase 1 was 64.3°, phase 2 78.85°, phase 3 107.25°, phase 4 60.71°, and phase 5 117.58°, which shows that from the phase 1 to phase 3, it was unfolded to the utmost to obtain a rotating power, it became a minimum angle at the highest point, and the angle got wider at the impact point again. The difference with an unskilled person was also conspicuous so that the phase 1 showed the difference of -10.6°, phase 2, 1.79°, phase 3 -5.85°, phase 4 -22.65°, and phase 5 6.76°. 5. Among the variables in angle speed, the angle speed in the head of an skilled person showed 346.56deg/s at the phase 4, which was the highest point, followed by 265.21deg/s at the phase 5, which was the impact, 216.91deg/s at the phase 2, which was the ground rotation, and 102.92deg/s at the phase 3, which was the turning movement in the air. In comparison with this, an unskilled person showed the value of 234.62deg/s at the phase 4, which was the highest point, 195.67deg/s at the phase 5, which was the impact, 102.92deg/s at the phase 3, which was the turning movement in the air, and 97.04deg/s at the phase 2, which was the ground rotation. While the head angle speed in an skilled person was in the order of phase 4 - phase 5 - phase 2 - phase 3 - and phase 1, the head angle speed in an unskilled person was in the order of phase 4 - phase 5 - phase 3 - phase 2 - and phase 1. It shows that the head angle speed is much far away from the ground. Under the condition that a full rotating energy was not obtained in a ground rotation, the next turning movement in the air had to be performed so that a satisfactory kicking could not be performed. Thus, it is necessary to fully perform an exercise on rotating power on the ground.
The purpose of this study is to find out technical characteristics and kinematical factors on the movement of 540° turning Kicking in Taekwondo, obtain quantitative data on mechanical variables with respect to 3 skilled persons and 3 unskilled persons, and thus use such data as basic data in instructing a demonstrative kicking. To reach such a research purpose, the 3 dimensional image analysis was conducted from a jump to an impact movement and kinematical analysis was made per each event. And the difference in between an skilled person and an unskilled person was analyzed in case of a turning kicking. As a result of analyzing the research on each event at the time of 540° turning kicking in Taekwondo through an image analysis, the following conclusion was obtained. 1. In terms of a horizontal displacement based on a body, the distance of moving in an skilled person group was shorter by 18cm in average than an unskilled person. The distance of vertical moving was shorter by 3cm in average than an skilled person. This is the result of a higher jump by an skilled person to Z direction in a much smaller scope to Y-axis, which shows a necessity of a training on jumping ability to jump higher. 2. If the time consumed at the time of performing the entire movement is 100%, an skilled person showed 0.45sec in the first section, which was 45%, 0.28sec in the second section, which was 28%, 0.24sec in the third section, which was 25%, and 0.19sec in the last fourth section, which was 19%. On the other hand, an unskilled person showed 0.41sec in the first section, which was 44%, 0.31sec in the second section, which was 29%, 0.23sec in the third section, which was 22%, and 0.31sec in the last fourth section, which was 28%. This proves a time difference in a rotating section in the air, which is the third section and in an impact section, which is the fourth section. It is necessary to further increase the time staying in the air in case of a rotating section in the air and to shorten the impact section, which will be helpful in terms of efficiency in performing the movement. 3. In case of a body-based synthetic speed, the highest speed in an skilled person was 220.29cm/s at the time of an impact followed by 214.84cm/s at the time of a rotation in the air and 105.20cm/s at the time of a jump. In contrast to this, in case of an unskilled person, the highest speed was 167.39cm/s at the time of a rotation in the air. Subsequently, it is necessary to have a training to improve a synthetic speed of impact and rotation in the air for an unskilled person. In addition, at the time of an impact in terms of a synthetic speed of a kicking foot kicking, the average value of an skilled person was 1,022.83cm/s and the average value of an unskilled person was 780.32cm/s. It was found out that the difference value reached 242.51cm/s. 4. In respect of a factor in angle, the forward degree at the highest point section showed the difference in average value in between an skilled person and an unskilled person by 27.24°. Moreover, the difference in forward degree at the moment of an impact, which was the phase 5 was 8.32°. According to such a result, it is found out that as an angle of a body at the highest point section gets horizontal with a ground, the movement of 540° turning kicking can be satisfactorily made. In particular, in case of a shoulder joint, the phase 1 was 64.3°, phase 2 78.85°, phase 3 107.25°, phase 4 60.71°, and phase 5 117.58°, which shows that from the phase 1 to phase 3, it was unfolded to the utmost to obtain a rotating power, it became a minimum angle at the highest point, and the angle got wider at the impact point again. The difference with an unskilled person was also conspicuous so that the phase 1 showed the difference of -10.6°, phase 2, 1.79°, phase 3 -5.85°, phase 4 -22.65°, and phase 5 6.76°. 5. Among the variables in angle speed, the angle speed in the head of an skilled person showed 346.56deg/s at the phase 4, which was the highest point, followed by 265.21deg/s at the phase 5, which was the impact, 216.91deg/s at the phase 2, which was the ground rotation, and 102.92deg/s at the phase 3, which was the turning movement in the air. In comparison with this, an unskilled person showed the value of 234.62deg/s at the phase 4, which was the highest point, 195.67deg/s at the phase 5, which was the impact, 102.92deg/s at the phase 3, which was the turning movement in the air, and 97.04deg/s at the phase 2, which was the ground rotation. While the head angle speed in an skilled person was in the order of phase 4 - phase 5 - phase 2 - phase 3 - and phase 1, the head angle speed in an unskilled person was in the order of phase 4 - phase 5 - phase 3 - phase 2 - and phase 1. It shows that the head angle speed is much far away from the ground. Under the condition that a full rotating energy was not obtained in a ground rotation, the next turning movement in the air had to be performed so that a satisfactory kicking could not be performed. Thus, it is necessary to fully perform an exercise on rotating power on the ground.
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