Ambient aerosols are tiny solid or liquid matters floating freely in the lower atmosphere. Their size is various with wide range of only a few nanometer up to about 100 ㎛ in diameter. PM_(10) is the fraction of aerosol particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than 10 ㎛. PM_(2.5) is the fraction ...
Ambient aerosols are tiny solid or liquid matters floating freely in the lower atmosphere. Their size is various with wide range of only a few nanometer up to about 100 ㎛ in diameter. PM_(10) is the fraction of aerosol particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than 10 ㎛. PM_(2.5) is the fraction of aerosol particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 ㎛. Particle Matter is recognized as one of major pollutants that makes serious effects on human health as well as wealth like visibility degradatiion. The composition of Particle Matter can be by various environmental factors such as meteorological properties, topographical patterns, and emission source. The main purpose of this study were to investigate air quality trends in months and seasons of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). Then chemical compositions of particulate matters have been extensively examined to identify seasonal variations and size distribution of concentration. Also the study identify possible sources of particulate matters and estimated their contributions by a receptor model, PMF. The PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) had been collected on membrane filters by a High Volume Air Sampler for 2 years (Mar. 2006 ~Nov. 2007) in KyungHee University International Campus. The 19 chemical species (Al, Mn, Si, Fe, Pb, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Ba, Na^(+), NH₄^(+), K^(+), Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), Cl^(-), NO₃^(-), SO₄^(2-)) were analyzed by ICP-AES and IC after executing proper pre-treatments of each sample filter. The results showed that PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentration decreased in the summer months and Increased in Winter and Spring season. The average concentration levels of each inorganic elements for PM_(10) were Ba 2.2, Mn 2.9, Cr 1.7, Cd 0.3, Zn 17.8, Si 19.6, Fe 79.2, Ni 1.7, Al 30.6, Pb 3.3 and V 0.3 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each inorganic elements for PM_(2.5) were Ba 1.3, Mn 2.0, Cr 1.1, Cd 0.1, Zn 8.7, Si 11.0, Fe 50.0, Ni 1.2, Al 18.4, Pb 3.2 and V 0.4 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each ion for PM_(10) were SO₄^(2-) 961.6, NO₃^(-), 605.2, NH₄^(+) 279.1, Ca^(2+) 106.5, Cl^(-) 88.7, Na^(+) 76.5, Mg^(2+) 28.7, K^(+) 38.4 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each ion for PM_(2.5) were SO₄^(2-) 701.2, NO₃^(-), 409.5, NH₄^(+) 139.5, Ca^(2+) 53.3, Cl^(-) 49.5, Na^(+) 38.2, Mg^(2+) 14.3, K^(+) 19.2 ng/㎥. Based on these chemical information, the PMF model was applied to estimate the quantitative contribution of air pollution sources for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). The predicted values were highly correlation of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) (determination coefficients (R²) 0.71 and 0.75, respectively). PM_(10) concetration were apportioned to 7 sources by PMF; Soil (25.1 %), Auto Mobile (13.3 %), Biomass Burning (16.7 %), Secondary Sulfate (12.3 %), Coal Combution (1.5 %), Oil Combution/Industry Related (9.2 %), Secondary Aerosol/Long Range Transport (22.9 %). PM_(2.5) concetration were apportioned to 7 sources by PMF; Soil (14.9 %), Auto Mobile (8.4 %), Biomass Burning (13.6 %), Secondary Sulfate (12.4 %), Coal Combution (4.8 %), Oil Combution/Industry Related (5.9 %), Secondary Aerosol/Long Range Transport (39.9 %) As a conclusion, this study give the information about the major sources effecting the air quality in this study and this will be helpful to maintain and manage the ambient air quality in Suwon area by suggesting control policy strategies for these source.
Ambient aerosols are tiny solid or liquid matters floating freely in the lower atmosphere. Their size is various with wide range of only a few nanometer up to about 100 ㎛ in diameter. PM_(10) is the fraction of aerosol particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than 10 ㎛. PM_(2.5) is the fraction of aerosol particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 ㎛. Particle Matter is recognized as one of major pollutants that makes serious effects on human health as well as wealth like visibility degradatiion. The composition of Particle Matter can be by various environmental factors such as meteorological properties, topographical patterns, and emission source. The main purpose of this study were to investigate air quality trends in months and seasons of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). Then chemical compositions of particulate matters have been extensively examined to identify seasonal variations and size distribution of concentration. Also the study identify possible sources of particulate matters and estimated their contributions by a receptor model, PMF. The PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) had been collected on membrane filters by a High Volume Air Sampler for 2 years (Mar. 2006 ~Nov. 2007) in KyungHee University International Campus. The 19 chemical species (Al, Mn, Si, Fe, Pb, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Ba, Na^(+), NH₄^(+), K^(+), Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), Cl^(-), NO₃^(-), SO₄^(2-)) were analyzed by ICP-AES and IC after executing proper pre-treatments of each sample filter. The results showed that PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentration decreased in the summer months and Increased in Winter and Spring season. The average concentration levels of each inorganic elements for PM_(10) were Ba 2.2, Mn 2.9, Cr 1.7, Cd 0.3, Zn 17.8, Si 19.6, Fe 79.2, Ni 1.7, Al 30.6, Pb 3.3 and V 0.3 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each inorganic elements for PM_(2.5) were Ba 1.3, Mn 2.0, Cr 1.1, Cd 0.1, Zn 8.7, Si 11.0, Fe 50.0, Ni 1.2, Al 18.4, Pb 3.2 and V 0.4 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each ion for PM_(10) were SO₄^(2-) 961.6, NO₃^(-), 605.2, NH₄^(+) 279.1, Ca^(2+) 106.5, Cl^(-) 88.7, Na^(+) 76.5, Mg^(2+) 28.7, K^(+) 38.4 ng/㎥. The average concentration levels of each ion for PM_(2.5) were SO₄^(2-) 701.2, NO₃^(-), 409.5, NH₄^(+) 139.5, Ca^(2+) 53.3, Cl^(-) 49.5, Na^(+) 38.2, Mg^(2+) 14.3, K^(+) 19.2 ng/㎥. Based on these chemical information, the PMF model was applied to estimate the quantitative contribution of air pollution sources for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). The predicted values were highly correlation of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) (determination coefficients (R²) 0.71 and 0.75, respectively). PM_(10) concetration were apportioned to 7 sources by PMF; Soil (25.1 %), Auto Mobile (13.3 %), Biomass Burning (16.7 %), Secondary Sulfate (12.3 %), Coal Combution (1.5 %), Oil Combution/Industry Related (9.2 %), Secondary Aerosol/Long Range Transport (22.9 %). PM_(2.5) concetration were apportioned to 7 sources by PMF; Soil (14.9 %), Auto Mobile (8.4 %), Biomass Burning (13.6 %), Secondary Sulfate (12.4 %), Coal Combution (4.8 %), Oil Combution/Industry Related (5.9 %), Secondary Aerosol/Long Range Transport (39.9 %) As a conclusion, this study give the information about the major sources effecting the air quality in this study and this will be helpful to maintain and manage the ambient air quality in Suwon area by suggesting control policy strategies for these source.
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#PM10 PM2.5 PMF
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