Background The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing around the world. Obesity reduces life expectancy and increases the risk of health problems, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Two anti-obesity medications are currently approve...
Background The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing around the world. Obesity reduces life expectancy and increases the risk of health problems, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Two anti-obesity medications are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for long-term use: Orlistat and sibutramine. Olistat reduces intestinal fat absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, whereas sibutramine decreases appetite by in hibiting deactivation of the brain neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Both of these drugs, however, have shown limitations in terms of efficacy and side effects.
AMPK is an evolutionally conserved, intracellular energy sensor that increases ATP production and decrease energy consumption by responding to increased intracellular energy sensor that increases ATP production and decrease energy consumption by responding to increased intracellular AMP/ATP ratio. Numerous studies have revealed that AMPK activation improves obesity, type 2 diabetes.
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) has been widely used in Asian countries including Korea, China and Japan as a traditional herbal medicine or tea. Total extract or saponins from G. pentaphyllum have shown wide range of beneficial effects such as cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic and antitumor, thus its effect is likely overlapped with diverse downstream effects of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.
Actiponin is a modified form of ethanol extract of G.pentaphyllum plant leaf having higher content of Damulin A (3.75%, w/w) and Damulin B (1.06%, w/w), which are indirect activators for AMPK.
Purpose To investigate the effects of Actiponin on anti-obesity effect in human, we carried out 12 weeks, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial for obese Korean subjects.
Material and method Obese subjects [both BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 and WHR ≥ 0.90(men), WHR ≥ 0.85(women)] who were not diagnosed with any disease were included in this study. Eighty subjects (40.08 ± 10.60 years, 164.3 ± 8.8 cm) were randomly divided into a Actiponin (n=40, 450 mg/day) or Placebo group (n=40, 450 mg/day). Outcomes included measures of efficacy (anthropometric parameter, abdominal fat distribution by computerized tomography, blood components) and safety (adverse events, laboratory test, electrocardiogram, and vital sign).
Result Seventy-four subjects (36 Actiponin group, 38 Placebo group) finished the study. After the 12 weeks of supplementation, body fat mass (22.44 ± 3.19 kg to 21.40 ± 3.62 kg in Actiponin group, 22.96 ± 3.62 kg to 23.32 ± 3.82 kg in Placebo group, P < 0.001), body fat percent (29.82 ± 28.79 kg to 28.79 ± 5.87 kg in Actiponin group, 31.62 ± 5.49 kg to 32.13 ± 5.40 kg, P < 0.001), weight (76.18 ± 8.28 to 75.21 ± 8.20 in Actiponin group, 73.54 ± 10.03 to 73.33 ± 10.17 kg in Placebo group, P < 0.05), BMI (27.66 ± 1.14 to 27.31 ± 1.23 in Actiponin group, 27.62 ± 1.26 to 27.55 ± 1.54 in Placebo group, P < 0.05) in the Actiponin group was significantly reduced compared to the Placebo group. Also there was no clinically significant change of safety parameter.
Conclusion These results suggested that Actiponin supplementation may have positive effect on anti-obesity and maybe more pronounced when combined with lifestyle modification.
Background The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing around the world. Obesity reduces life expectancy and increases the risk of health problems, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Two anti-obesity medications are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for long-term use: Orlistat and sibutramine. Olistat reduces intestinal fat absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, whereas sibutramine decreases appetite by in hibiting deactivation of the brain neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Both of these drugs, however, have shown limitations in terms of efficacy and side effects.
AMPK is an evolutionally conserved, intracellular energy sensor that increases ATP production and decrease energy consumption by responding to increased intracellular energy sensor that increases ATP production and decrease energy consumption by responding to increased intracellular AMP/ATP ratio. Numerous studies have revealed that AMPK activation improves obesity, type 2 diabetes.
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) has been widely used in Asian countries including Korea, China and Japan as a traditional herbal medicine or tea. Total extract or saponins from G. pentaphyllum have shown wide range of beneficial effects such as cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic and antitumor, thus its effect is likely overlapped with diverse downstream effects of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.
Actiponin is a modified form of ethanol extract of G.pentaphyllum plant leaf having higher content of Damulin A (3.75%, w/w) and Damulin B (1.06%, w/w), which are indirect activators for AMPK.
Purpose To investigate the effects of Actiponin on anti-obesity effect in human, we carried out 12 weeks, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial for obese Korean subjects.
Material and method Obese subjects [both BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 and WHR ≥ 0.90(men), WHR ≥ 0.85(women)] who were not diagnosed with any disease were included in this study. Eighty subjects (40.08 ± 10.60 years, 164.3 ± 8.8 cm) were randomly divided into a Actiponin (n=40, 450 mg/day) or Placebo group (n=40, 450 mg/day). Outcomes included measures of efficacy (anthropometric parameter, abdominal fat distribution by computerized tomography, blood components) and safety (adverse events, laboratory test, electrocardiogram, and vital sign).
Result Seventy-four subjects (36 Actiponin group, 38 Placebo group) finished the study. After the 12 weeks of supplementation, body fat mass (22.44 ± 3.19 kg to 21.40 ± 3.62 kg in Actiponin group, 22.96 ± 3.62 kg to 23.32 ± 3.82 kg in Placebo group, P < 0.001), body fat percent (29.82 ± 28.79 kg to 28.79 ± 5.87 kg in Actiponin group, 31.62 ± 5.49 kg to 32.13 ± 5.40 kg, P < 0.001), weight (76.18 ± 8.28 to 75.21 ± 8.20 in Actiponin group, 73.54 ± 10.03 to 73.33 ± 10.17 kg in Placebo group, P < 0.05), BMI (27.66 ± 1.14 to 27.31 ± 1.23 in Actiponin group, 27.62 ± 1.26 to 27.55 ± 1.54 in Placebo group, P < 0.05) in the Actiponin group was significantly reduced compared to the Placebo group. Also there was no clinically significant change of safety parameter.
Conclusion These results suggested that Actiponin supplementation may have positive effect on anti-obesity and maybe more pronounced when combined with lifestyle modification.
주제어
#Obesity AMPK Actiponin
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