베트남 노사분쟁에 관한 연구 : 경제성장과정에서 임금정책과 노사분규를 중심으로 A Study on the Labor-Management Conflict in Vietnam: Focusing on Wage Policy and Labor-Management Conflict in the Process of Economic Growth원문보기
동남아시아의 신흥개도국이자 한국의 아세안 진출 관문인 베트남은 급격한 산업발전 속에 거듭된 임금정책의 시행착오로 진통을 겪고 있다. 임금정책의 기준인 최저임금의 인상 폭이 워낙 큰 데다 개정 법률에 따른 예상치 못한 문제점들이 드러나면서 적잖은 부작용을 낳았다. 여기에 임금체계가 매우 복잡하고 구성항목이 많아 정책 집행에 혼선이 가중됐다. 특히 일부 법규는 국제기준에 부합하지도 않아 ...
동남아시아의 신흥개도국이자 한국의 아세안 진출 관문인 베트남은 급격한 산업발전 속에 거듭된 임금정책의 시행착오로 진통을 겪고 있다. 임금정책의 기준인 최저임금의 인상 폭이 워낙 큰 데다 개정 법률에 따른 예상치 못한 문제점들이 드러나면서 적잖은 부작용을 낳았다. 여기에 임금체계가 매우 복잡하고 구성항목이 많아 정책 집행에 혼선이 가중됐다. 특히 일부 법규는 국제기준에 부합하지도 않아 FDI 기업들을 중심으로 개선이 필요하다는 진단도 나온다. 최저임금의 경우 노동생산성과 국내총생산(GDP) 성장률 등에 비례해 산정돼야 하지만 이런 지표들이 간과되면서 적잖은 문제점을 드러냈다. 특히 노동생산성의 경우 싱가포르나 말레이시아 등 아세안(동남아국가연합) 동료회원국들에 비해 턱이 낮은데도 최저임금 상승률은 이들 국가를 훨씬 압도했다. 개정법의 경우도 마찬가지다. 기본급을 산정되던 사회보험 등 각종 보험료를 기본급과 각종 수당을 합쳐 산정토록 하면서 기업의 인건비 부담을 늘렸다. 이 때문에 기업은 근로자 수당지급을 대폭 줄이면서 임금인상을 요구하는 파업이 곳곳에서 발생했다. 노동자들의 임금을 높여준다는 취지에서 마련한 개정법이 노사분규를 일으키는 주요 요인이 된 셈이다. 따라서 이번 연구는 최저임금과 개정법 등을 둘러싼 제반 문제점과 개선점을 제시하고 베트남의 노동현실에 맞는 합리적이고 과학적인 대안을 마련하기 위해서 이뤄졌다.
동남아시아의 신흥개도국이자 한국의 아세안 진출 관문인 베트남은 급격한 산업발전 속에 거듭된 임금정책의 시행착오로 진통을 겪고 있다. 임금정책의 기준인 최저임금의 인상 폭이 워낙 큰 데다 개정 법률에 따른 예상치 못한 문제점들이 드러나면서 적잖은 부작용을 낳았다. 여기에 임금체계가 매우 복잡하고 구성항목이 많아 정책 집행에 혼선이 가중됐다. 특히 일부 법규는 국제기준에 부합하지도 않아 FDI 기업들을 중심으로 개선이 필요하다는 진단도 나온다. 최저임금의 경우 노동생산성과 국내총생산(GDP) 성장률 등에 비례해 산정돼야 하지만 이런 지표들이 간과되면서 적잖은 문제점을 드러냈다. 특히 노동생산성의 경우 싱가포르나 말레이시아 등 아세안(동남아국가연합) 동료회원국들에 비해 턱이 낮은데도 최저임금 상승률은 이들 국가를 훨씬 압도했다. 개정법의 경우도 마찬가지다. 기본급을 산정되던 사회보험 등 각종 보험료를 기본급과 각종 수당을 합쳐 산정토록 하면서 기업의 인건비 부담을 늘렸다. 이 때문에 기업은 근로자 수당지급을 대폭 줄이면서 임금인상을 요구하는 파업이 곳곳에서 발생했다. 노동자들의 임금을 높여준다는 취지에서 마련한 개정법이 노사분규를 일으키는 주요 요인이 된 셈이다. 따라서 이번 연구는 최저임금과 개정법 등을 둘러싼 제반 문제점과 개선점을 제시하고 베트남의 노동현실에 맞는 합리적이고 과학적인 대안을 마련하기 위해서 이뤄졌다.
There are a lot of issues in Vietnamese wage policy: complicated system, overlapping categories and the difference from international standard. Especially, the unreasonable wage reformation policy creates significant difficulties for enterprises and laborer. It is also the main reason of conflict be...
There are a lot of issues in Vietnamese wage policy: complicated system, overlapping categories and the difference from international standard. Especially, the unreasonable wage reformation policy creates significant difficulties for enterprises and laborer. It is also the main reason of conflict between enterprises and employees. Before 2015, the cost of insurances for laborer is calculated bases on the base salary. Since 2015, the cost of insurances is calculated bases on the real income which includes both base salary and benefits. Therefore, enterprise will need to pay much more for employees. Along with minimum wage policy, due to increasing annual consumer price index (CPI), Vietnamese government decided to increase the minimum wage to guarantee workers’ ability to cover minimum living costs. Although the minimum wage increases, productivity is much lower than other countries in the region, and does not grow as fast as the minimum wage does. Vietnam’s regulation requires that the minimum wage of laborers has to be higher than 5% of current minimum wage. With this wage reformation and the minimum wage policy of Vietnam, the enterprises face great difficulties in financing employments. Therefore, they cut cost as much as possible. Specifically, they cut off additional working which account for a significant share of employees’ income). Vietnamese companies are also cutting off bonuses, shortening working hours in the same working unit, not increasing salary as specified in the contract. These practices create huge financial stress for employees. They are stressed because of working environment, decreasing income and even cut-off salary. Thus, the employees get frustrate and organized strike. The strikes happen regularly mostly because of salary issues. The unreasonable wage policy leads to 3-dimentional impact: negatively affecting enterprises, employees and current Vietnamese economic structure. A better policy would help stabilizing people lives, developing enterprises and at the same time, increasing the GDP of the country. To decrease the strikes in Vietnam, we need a reasonable wage policy that does not constrain enterprise, but instead improves social welfare such as health care, education and accommodation for workers. Vietnamese workers find much more difficulties in covering medical cost and accommodation, due to high housing cost (compared to the world). A worker who has good health, house and education will be more focused on their work. As a result, they receive less stress and work more effectively; and thus stopping their strike. Vietnamese government meanwhile should develop better and easier policy for enterprises which allows them to easily run profitably to invest in their future. As productivity is increased the employee’s incomes increase as well. At the moment, foreign enterprises contribute a huge part in GDP of Vietnam every year. As a result, if FDI is well-developed, Vietnamese economy and real income will improve.
There are a lot of issues in Vietnamese wage policy: complicated system, overlapping categories and the difference from international standard. Especially, the unreasonable wage reformation policy creates significant difficulties for enterprises and laborer. It is also the main reason of conflict between enterprises and employees. Before 2015, the cost of insurances for laborer is calculated bases on the base salary. Since 2015, the cost of insurances is calculated bases on the real income which includes both base salary and benefits. Therefore, enterprise will need to pay much more for employees. Along with minimum wage policy, due to increasing annual consumer price index (CPI), Vietnamese government decided to increase the minimum wage to guarantee workers’ ability to cover minimum living costs. Although the minimum wage increases, productivity is much lower than other countries in the region, and does not grow as fast as the minimum wage does. Vietnam’s regulation requires that the minimum wage of laborers has to be higher than 5% of current minimum wage. With this wage reformation and the minimum wage policy of Vietnam, the enterprises face great difficulties in financing employments. Therefore, they cut cost as much as possible. Specifically, they cut off additional working which account for a significant share of employees’ income). Vietnamese companies are also cutting off bonuses, shortening working hours in the same working unit, not increasing salary as specified in the contract. These practices create huge financial stress for employees. They are stressed because of working environment, decreasing income and even cut-off salary. Thus, the employees get frustrate and organized strike. The strikes happen regularly mostly because of salary issues. The unreasonable wage policy leads to 3-dimentional impact: negatively affecting enterprises, employees and current Vietnamese economic structure. A better policy would help stabilizing people lives, developing enterprises and at the same time, increasing the GDP of the country. To decrease the strikes in Vietnam, we need a reasonable wage policy that does not constrain enterprise, but instead improves social welfare such as health care, education and accommodation for workers. Vietnamese workers find much more difficulties in covering medical cost and accommodation, due to high housing cost (compared to the world). A worker who has good health, house and education will be more focused on their work. As a result, they receive less stress and work more effectively; and thus stopping their strike. Vietnamese government meanwhile should develop better and easier policy for enterprises which allows them to easily run profitably to invest in their future. As productivity is increased the employee’s incomes increase as well. At the moment, foreign enterprises contribute a huge part in GDP of Vietnam every year. As a result, if FDI is well-developed, Vietnamese economy and real income will improve.
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