The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nutrition education to reduce adolescents’intake of sugar and sodium, assessing the present condition of their salty taste assessment, sweet taste assessment, dietary behaviors of eating salty foods and eating sweet foods and analyzing the corr...
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nutrition education to reduce adolescents’intake of sugar and sodium, assessing the present condition of their salty taste assessment, sweet taste assessment, dietary behaviors of eating salty foods and eating sweet foods and analyzing the correlations among the variables.
1. As a result of an anthropometrics, there was no significant difference in body mass index between boys and girls, but muscle mass was significantly higher in boys than in girls (p<0.001), and body fat percentage, fat mass and subcutaneous fat mass were significantly higher in girls than in boys (p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.01).
2. As a result of a survey of the subjects’preference for salty foods, 58.0% of the boys and 43.4% of the girls preferred salty foods, and as a result of a survey of their preference for sweet foods, 52.0% of the boys and 36.0% of the girls preferred sweet foods.
3. As a result of a survey of dietary attitudes of eating salty, the boys had a significantly higher score in the item, “I like salted fish” than the girls did (p<0.001), and as a result of a survey of their dietary behaviors of eating salty, the boys had significantly higher scores in the items, “I eat up the stock of soup, stew or noodle soup” and “I eat salted dry fish or salted fish often” than the girls did (p<0.001, p<0.05).
4. As a result of a survey of dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors of eating sweet, the girls had a significantly higher score in the item, “I like drinking yogurt or stirred type yogurt” than the boys did (p<0.05), while the boys had significantly higher scores in the items, “I often drink carbonated beverage” and “I drink banana, strawberry and chocolate milk more often than white milk” than the girls did (p<0.05, p<0.05).
5. As a result of a survey of salty taste assessment, all adolescents mostly “tended to eat bland,” followed by “tended to eat a little bland”, “tended to eat ordinarily salty”, “tended to eat a little salty” and “tended to eat salty.” As a result of a survey of preference for the concentration of each sample, most of them preferred 0.08%, the blandest concentration, and the boys preferred 1.25%, the saltiest concentration significantly more than the girls did (p<0.05).
6. As a result of a survey of sweet taste assessment, all adolescents mostly “tended to eat very sweet foods,” followed by “tended to eat sweet foods”, “tended to eat ordinarily sweet foods”, “tended not to eat sweet foods” and “tended not to eat sweet foods at all” while the value of sweet taste assessment was significantly higher in the boys than in the girls (p<0.05). As a result of a survey of preference for the concentration of each sample, most of them preferred 5%, the normal concentration (p<0.05), and overall, they preferred 5% and 10%, the most, followed by 20%, and their preference for 0% and 2.5% was the lowest (p<0.001).
7. As a result of an analysis of the correlations between the variables of salty taste assessment and the variables of sweet taste assessment, there was a significant correlation between the value of sweet taste assessment and the value of salty taste assessment (p<0.01), and there were significant correlations of salty taste assessment with salty taste preference, dietary habits toward salty taste, dietary attitudes toward salty taste and dietary behaviors toward salty taste (p<0.01). In addition, there were significant correlations of sweet taste assessment with sweet taste preference, dietary habits toward sweet taste, dietary attitudes toward sweet taste and dietary behaviors toward sweet taste (p<0.01). There were significant correlations of sweet taste assessment with salty taste preference, dietary habits toward salty taste, dietary attitudes toward salty taste and dietary behaviors toward salty taste (p<0.01).
As a result of this study, there were significant correlations between adolescents’salty taste assessment and sweet taste assessment and their dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors. The boys preferred salty foods and sweet foods than the girls did and showed dietary attitudes and behaviors of eating more salty and sweet foods. The boys took in most sugar through carbonated beverage while the girls took in most sugar through drinking yogurt and stirred type yogurt. Adolescents who ate saltier foods preferred salty foods and showed dietary habits, attitudes and behaviors of eating salty foods, and those who ate sweeter foods preferred sweet foods and showed dietary habits, attitudes and behaviors of eating sweet foods. In addition, those who ate sweeter ate saltier and preferred salty foods.
Dietary habits are formed over the long term, so it is difficult to change dietary habits in a short time. Since dietary habits and nutritional problems of eating salty and sweet foods during the adolescence affect people even after they become adults, it is necessary to conduct nutrition education to correct their dietary habits of eating salty and sweet foods so that they eat bland and less sweet foods, select the right foods and practice good dietary habits.
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nutrition education to reduce adolescents’intake of sugar and sodium, assessing the present condition of their salty taste assessment, sweet taste assessment, dietary behaviors of eating salty foods and eating sweet foods and analyzing the correlations among the variables.
1. As a result of an anthropometrics, there was no significant difference in body mass index between boys and girls, but muscle mass was significantly higher in boys than in girls (p<0.001), and body fat percentage, fat mass and subcutaneous fat mass were significantly higher in girls than in boys (p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.01).
2. As a result of a survey of the subjects’preference for salty foods, 58.0% of the boys and 43.4% of the girls preferred salty foods, and as a result of a survey of their preference for sweet foods, 52.0% of the boys and 36.0% of the girls preferred sweet foods.
3. As a result of a survey of dietary attitudes of eating salty, the boys had a significantly higher score in the item, “I like salted fish” than the girls did (p<0.001), and as a result of a survey of their dietary behaviors of eating salty, the boys had significantly higher scores in the items, “I eat up the stock of soup, stew or noodle soup” and “I eat salted dry fish or salted fish often” than the girls did (p<0.001, p<0.05).
4. As a result of a survey of dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors of eating sweet, the girls had a significantly higher score in the item, “I like drinking yogurt or stirred type yogurt” than the boys did (p<0.05), while the boys had significantly higher scores in the items, “I often drink carbonated beverage” and “I drink banana, strawberry and chocolate milk more often than white milk” than the girls did (p<0.05, p<0.05).
5. As a result of a survey of salty taste assessment, all adolescents mostly “tended to eat bland,” followed by “tended to eat a little bland”, “tended to eat ordinarily salty”, “tended to eat a little salty” and “tended to eat salty.” As a result of a survey of preference for the concentration of each sample, most of them preferred 0.08%, the blandest concentration, and the boys preferred 1.25%, the saltiest concentration significantly more than the girls did (p<0.05).
6. As a result of a survey of sweet taste assessment, all adolescents mostly “tended to eat very sweet foods,” followed by “tended to eat sweet foods”, “tended to eat ordinarily sweet foods”, “tended not to eat sweet foods” and “tended not to eat sweet foods at all” while the value of sweet taste assessment was significantly higher in the boys than in the girls (p<0.05). As a result of a survey of preference for the concentration of each sample, most of them preferred 5%, the normal concentration (p<0.05), and overall, they preferred 5% and 10%, the most, followed by 20%, and their preference for 0% and 2.5% was the lowest (p<0.001).
7. As a result of an analysis of the correlations between the variables of salty taste assessment and the variables of sweet taste assessment, there was a significant correlation between the value of sweet taste assessment and the value of salty taste assessment (p<0.01), and there were significant correlations of salty taste assessment with salty taste preference, dietary habits toward salty taste, dietary attitudes toward salty taste and dietary behaviors toward salty taste (p<0.01). In addition, there were significant correlations of sweet taste assessment with sweet taste preference, dietary habits toward sweet taste, dietary attitudes toward sweet taste and dietary behaviors toward sweet taste (p<0.01). There were significant correlations of sweet taste assessment with salty taste preference, dietary habits toward salty taste, dietary attitudes toward salty taste and dietary behaviors toward salty taste (p<0.01).
As a result of this study, there were significant correlations between adolescents’salty taste assessment and sweet taste assessment and their dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors. The boys preferred salty foods and sweet foods than the girls did and showed dietary attitudes and behaviors of eating more salty and sweet foods. The boys took in most sugar through carbonated beverage while the girls took in most sugar through drinking yogurt and stirred type yogurt. Adolescents who ate saltier foods preferred salty foods and showed dietary habits, attitudes and behaviors of eating salty foods, and those who ate sweeter foods preferred sweet foods and showed dietary habits, attitudes and behaviors of eating sweet foods. In addition, those who ate sweeter ate saltier and preferred salty foods.
Dietary habits are formed over the long term, so it is difficult to change dietary habits in a short time. Since dietary habits and nutritional problems of eating salty and sweet foods during the adolescence affect people even after they become adults, it is necessary to conduct nutrition education to correct their dietary habits of eating salty and sweet foods so that they eat bland and less sweet foods, select the right foods and practice good dietary habits.
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