Many studies that investigate medicinal herb bioactive compounds from natural products to remove the harmful side effects and reduce the economic burden of synthetic drugs. This study was conducted to investigate whether Fomes fomentarius L. (FFL) extracts are biologically safe and exhibit potential...
Many studies that investigate medicinal herb bioactive compounds from natural products to remove the harmful side effects and reduce the economic burden of synthetic drugs. This study was conducted to investigate whether Fomes fomentarius L. (FFL) extracts are biologically safe and exhibit potential beneficial biological activities.
FFL was extracted with different percentages of ethanol, as follows, and the resulting yields are indicated in parentheses: 0% (10.04 %), 30% (5.12 %), 50% (5.02 %), 70% (6.80 %), and 100% (2.63 %). In the safety evaluation, each extract did not show mutagenicity at up to 5 mg/plate, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress levels were confirmed in normal lung cells. In the bioactivity study, the 70% ethanol extract of FFL exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on mutations (98.8 ± 0.9 % in TA98 and 78.2 ± 1.9 % in TA100 strains), with a metabolically active enzyme system at 5 mg/plate. In addition, each of the extracts showed similar antioxidant effect at 500 µg/mL (except for the 0% extract) in the DPPH and ABTS tests. The cytotoxic activity of FFL on A549 lung cancer cell line was similar to that observed for normal cells (MRC-5). Therefore, the 70% extract, which showed the strongest inhibitory effect of the different FFL extracts in the antimutagenicity test, was sequentially fractionated by five solvents with different polarities to identify the inhibitory components. The diethyl ether and butanol fractions inhibited the growth of mutated colonies. Finally, fractions 11 and 12 from the butanol layer and fraction 13 from the diethyl ether layer were separated as the active fractions. Qualitative analysis was then performed to confirm the active compounds. Fractions 11 and 12 from butanol contained many compounds, including those with nitro groups. In fraction 13 from diethyl ether, erucylamide was thought to be the compound responsible for the antimutagenic activity.
We conclude that all FFL extracts tested were potentially safe for mutagenicity, as these extracts showed similar effects in the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress level tests. Erucylamide, in the FFL organic extract, appears to be the antimutagenic active compound. Taken together, these results suggest that FFL is a source of antimutagenic compounds, and could be developed as a function food. In addition, further study should be necessary to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Many studies that investigate medicinal herb bioactive compounds from natural products to remove the harmful side effects and reduce the economic burden of synthetic drugs. This study was conducted to investigate whether Fomes fomentarius L. (FFL) extracts are biologically safe and exhibit potential beneficial biological activities.
FFL was extracted with different percentages of ethanol, as follows, and the resulting yields are indicated in parentheses: 0% (10.04 %), 30% (5.12 %), 50% (5.02 %), 70% (6.80 %), and 100% (2.63 %). In the safety evaluation, each extract did not show mutagenicity at up to 5 mg/plate, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress levels were confirmed in normal lung cells. In the bioactivity study, the 70% ethanol extract of FFL exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on mutations (98.8 ± 0.9 % in TA98 and 78.2 ± 1.9 % in TA100 strains), with a metabolically active enzyme system at 5 mg/plate. In addition, each of the extracts showed similar antioxidant effect at 500 µg/mL (except for the 0% extract) in the DPPH and ABTS tests. The cytotoxic activity of FFL on A549 lung cancer cell line was similar to that observed for normal cells (MRC-5). Therefore, the 70% extract, which showed the strongest inhibitory effect of the different FFL extracts in the antimutagenicity test, was sequentially fractionated by five solvents with different polarities to identify the inhibitory components. The diethyl ether and butanol fractions inhibited the growth of mutated colonies. Finally, fractions 11 and 12 from the butanol layer and fraction 13 from the diethyl ether layer were separated as the active fractions. Qualitative analysis was then performed to confirm the active compounds. Fractions 11 and 12 from butanol contained many compounds, including those with nitro groups. In fraction 13 from diethyl ether, erucylamide was thought to be the compound responsible for the antimutagenic activity.
We conclude that all FFL extracts tested were potentially safe for mutagenicity, as these extracts showed similar effects in the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress level tests. Erucylamide, in the FFL organic extract, appears to be the antimutagenic active compound. Taken together, these results suggest that FFL is a source of antimutagenic compounds, and could be developed as a function food. In addition, further study should be necessary to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.
주제어
#Fomes fomentarius L Biological safety and bioactivity test Ethanol percentage extraction Antimutagenicity Erucylamide
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