Ecosystems surrounding us contribute to the improvement of quality of life through a wide range of benefits such as air quality enhancement, carbon absorption, noise removal, comfort, water cycle, recreation, and landscape. Although we are benefited from ecosystems significantly, we focused on the u...
Ecosystems surrounding us contribute to the improvement of quality of life through a wide range of benefits such as air quality enhancement, carbon absorption, noise removal, comfort, water cycle, recreation, and landscape. Although we are benefited from ecosystems significantly, we focused on the use of ecosystems without thinking of protecting and maintaining them. As a result, policies of growth-oriented economic development were promoted, thereby accelerating the urbanization and incurring significant environmental problems such as the damage to the ecosystems.
Although many nations are making efforts to protect the ecosystems to solve the economic, social, and environmental problems internationally, Korea has lacked the evaluation on the effect of development on the damage to the ecosystems, and alternative systems. Thus, this study proposed an evaluation of ecosystem services based on the concept of No Net Loss to improve the limitations.
The method proposed in this study is to utilize a matrix of ecosystem services. The general evaluation on the ecosystem services is to set up an indicator for each item, and design each data and method whereas the matrix of the ecosystem services prepares a score for each land cover or ecosystem type, and enables an aggregate approach to sum them. The expert assessment-based and model assessment-based matrices of ecosystem services were developed, and applied to the urban development project thereby deriving implications for each method.
A total of six ecosystem service items: water supply, water purification, erosion control, regulation climate, recreation and leisure, and biodiversity were derived, and among them, water supply, water purification, erosion control, and regulation climate items were targeted to compare the expert-based ecosystem service matrix and model-based ecosystem matrix. In the model assessment-based matrix, the ecosystem services were highly assessed in urban area and bare land types (mining area, playgrounds, and other bare grounds), which were the most opposite lands compared to that of expert assessment-based matrix. The InVEST model utilized in this study was useful to be utilized in basin unit whereas it was limited to assess the detailed unit of land cover types. If the model assessment-based ecosystem service matrix is prepared in future after conducting studies on the land cover types before and after ecosystem services, the results will be similar to those of the expert-based matrix or the difference will be reduced.
This study derived quantitative values that should be offset through the difference before and after developments via the aggregate evaluation of ecosystem services in five urban development projects. Although this approach is limited in terms of suppressing development action, the study results imply that the offset due to ecosystem damage remains deficient, and ecosystem services before and after development shall be balanced by providing additional offset measures. However, studies on how these assessment techniques are utilized are additionally needed focusing on studies on assessment of ecosystem services.
Ecosystems surrounding us contribute to the improvement of quality of life through a wide range of benefits such as air quality enhancement, carbon absorption, noise removal, comfort, water cycle, recreation, and landscape. Although we are benefited from ecosystems significantly, we focused on the use of ecosystems without thinking of protecting and maintaining them. As a result, policies of growth-oriented economic development were promoted, thereby accelerating the urbanization and incurring significant environmental problems such as the damage to the ecosystems.
Although many nations are making efforts to protect the ecosystems to solve the economic, social, and environmental problems internationally, Korea has lacked the evaluation on the effect of development on the damage to the ecosystems, and alternative systems. Thus, this study proposed an evaluation of ecosystem services based on the concept of No Net Loss to improve the limitations.
The method proposed in this study is to utilize a matrix of ecosystem services. The general evaluation on the ecosystem services is to set up an indicator for each item, and design each data and method whereas the matrix of the ecosystem services prepares a score for each land cover or ecosystem type, and enables an aggregate approach to sum them. The expert assessment-based and model assessment-based matrices of ecosystem services were developed, and applied to the urban development project thereby deriving implications for each method.
A total of six ecosystem service items: water supply, water purification, erosion control, regulation climate, recreation and leisure, and biodiversity were derived, and among them, water supply, water purification, erosion control, and regulation climate items were targeted to compare the expert-based ecosystem service matrix and model-based ecosystem matrix. In the model assessment-based matrix, the ecosystem services were highly assessed in urban area and bare land types (mining area, playgrounds, and other bare grounds), which were the most opposite lands compared to that of expert assessment-based matrix. The InVEST model utilized in this study was useful to be utilized in basin unit whereas it was limited to assess the detailed unit of land cover types. If the model assessment-based ecosystem service matrix is prepared in future after conducting studies on the land cover types before and after ecosystem services, the results will be similar to those of the expert-based matrix or the difference will be reduced.
This study derived quantitative values that should be offset through the difference before and after developments via the aggregate evaluation of ecosystem services in five urban development projects. Although this approach is limited in terms of suppressing development action, the study results imply that the offset due to ecosystem damage remains deficient, and ecosystem services before and after development shall be balanced by providing additional offset measures. However, studies on how these assessment techniques are utilized are additionally needed focusing on studies on assessment of ecosystem services.
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