The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the gastric cancer prevention health behavior program developed based on the community-based participatory research (CBPR) and to examine the feasibility and substantiality of CBPR. The research design is a sequential mixed method that collects...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the gastric cancer prevention health behavior program developed based on the community-based participatory research (CBPR) and to examine the feasibility and substantiality of CBPR. The research design is a sequential mixed method that collects qualitative data and test the effects of the developed program through quasi-experimental design. As a qualitative research method, focus groups were carried out to explore experiences related to the reasons for not having conducted cancer screenings and health behaviors to prevent gastric cancer. Throughout the 6-Step facilitation process of CBPR, the program was developed by the residents as a problem solution strategy.
For experimental study, 30 persons over 40 years old in the experimental and control group each were from two distant villages that the rate of gastric cancer screening was the lowest. Data were collected 4 times (before implementing the program, immediately after program, after 6 weeks, after 12 weeks) through structured questionnaires, and the collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. The descriptive statistics was done by percentages, mean, standard deviation, Chi-squa test and Fisher's exact test. The data were analyzed using t-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Repeates Measure of ANCOVA [RM] when normality was satisfied, and Generalized Estimating Equation [GEE] when normality was not satisfied.
The results of the study are summarized as follows.
1. There were significant differences in gastric cancer prevention self-management knowledge scores between the experimental group and the control group (χ²=51.98, p<.001), and there were significant differences according to the time of investigation (χ²=139.82, p<.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the pattern of change over time (Wald x²=4.38, p=.223).
2. The gastric cancer self-management attitude scores were different between the experimental group and the control group (F=36.24, p<.001), but there was no difference at the time of investigation (F=10.65, p<.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern of change over time (F=41.20, p<.001).
3. The self-efficacy score for gastric cancer prevention was different between the experimental group and the control group (Wald χ²=11.14, p=.001), and there was a significant difference according to the time of investigation(Wald x²=46.34, p<.001), and significant changes over time between the experimental group and the control group (Wald x²=42.79, p<.001).
4. The gastric cancer-preventing dietary management health behaviors were different between the experimental group and the control group (F=117.60, p<.001), and there was also a significant difference at the time of investigation (F=6.67, p=.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern over time between the experimental group and the control group (F=24.59, p<.001).
5. The gastric cancer-preventing health behaviors (smoking, drinking, weight and stress management) were not different between the experimental group and the control group (F=3.72, p=.059), but there was a significant difference at the time of investigation (F=15.93, p<.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern over time between the experimental group and the control group (F=22.39, p<.001).
6. Participation in the experimental group had an effect on the gastric cancer screening test (χ²=5.55, p=.019), and the odds ratio of the experimental group to receive gastric cancer screening was 2.79 compared to the control group.
7. Throughout the 6-Step facilitation process of CBPR, the participants actively involved in the development of strategy, program planning and implementation. As a result, the leadership and partnership of village leaders were developed, and community organizations were formed to utilize the capacity building strategies of the community and showed the feasibility and substantiality of CBPR for gastric cancer prevention health behavior program.
The results of the study verified that health behavior program for preventing gastric cancer developed based on the CBPR improved the gastric cancer self-management knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and health behaviors, and the effects were sustained. It suggests the application of CBPR for behavior change for the prevention and management of various health problems such as cancer, hypertension and diabetes, and further new infectious diseases such as COVID-19 infection in the community, especially in rural areas.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the gastric cancer prevention health behavior program developed based on the community-based participatory research (CBPR) and to examine the feasibility and substantiality of CBPR. The research design is a sequential mixed method that collects qualitative data and test the effects of the developed program through quasi-experimental design. As a qualitative research method, focus groups were carried out to explore experiences related to the reasons for not having conducted cancer screenings and health behaviors to prevent gastric cancer. Throughout the 6-Step facilitation process of CBPR, the program was developed by the residents as a problem solution strategy.
For experimental study, 30 persons over 40 years old in the experimental and control group each were from two distant villages that the rate of gastric cancer screening was the lowest. Data were collected 4 times (before implementing the program, immediately after program, after 6 weeks, after 12 weeks) through structured questionnaires, and the collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. The descriptive statistics was done by percentages, mean, standard deviation, Chi-squa test and Fisher's exact test. The data were analyzed using t-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Repeates Measure of ANCOVA [RM] when normality was satisfied, and Generalized Estimating Equation [GEE] when normality was not satisfied.
The results of the study are summarized as follows.
1. There were significant differences in gastric cancer prevention self-management knowledge scores between the experimental group and the control group (χ²=51.98, p<.001), and there were significant differences according to the time of investigation (χ²=139.82, p<.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the pattern of change over time (Wald x²=4.38, p=.223).
2. The gastric cancer self-management attitude scores were different between the experimental group and the control group (F=36.24, p<.001), but there was no difference at the time of investigation (F=10.65, p<.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern of change over time (F=41.20, p<.001).
3. The self-efficacy score for gastric cancer prevention was different between the experimental group and the control group (Wald χ²=11.14, p=.001), and there was a significant difference according to the time of investigation(Wald x²=46.34, p<.001), and significant changes over time between the experimental group and the control group (Wald x²=42.79, p<.001).
4. The gastric cancer-preventing dietary management health behaviors were different between the experimental group and the control group (F=117.60, p<.001), and there was also a significant difference at the time of investigation (F=6.67, p=.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern over time between the experimental group and the control group (F=24.59, p<.001).
5. The gastric cancer-preventing health behaviors (smoking, drinking, weight and stress management) were not different between the experimental group and the control group (F=3.72, p=.059), but there was a significant difference at the time of investigation (F=15.93, p<.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the pattern over time between the experimental group and the control group (F=22.39, p<.001).
6. Participation in the experimental group had an effect on the gastric cancer screening test (χ²=5.55, p=.019), and the odds ratio of the experimental group to receive gastric cancer screening was 2.79 compared to the control group.
7. Throughout the 6-Step facilitation process of CBPR, the participants actively involved in the development of strategy, program planning and implementation. As a result, the leadership and partnership of village leaders were developed, and community organizations were formed to utilize the capacity building strategies of the community and showed the feasibility and substantiality of CBPR for gastric cancer prevention health behavior program.
The results of the study verified that health behavior program for preventing gastric cancer developed based on the CBPR improved the gastric cancer self-management knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and health behaviors, and the effects were sustained. It suggests the application of CBPR for behavior change for the prevention and management of various health problems such as cancer, hypertension and diabetes, and further new infectious diseases such as COVID-19 infection in the community, especially in rural areas.
주제어
#Community-Based Participatory Research Gastric Cancer Prevention Health Behavior Program
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