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Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

As Korean traditional peasant farming has come to a commercialization since 1970s, the spatial structure of Korean agriculture also has been gradually restructured by principle of not subsistance but economy. This epochal transformation of agriculture and its spatial structure in Korea are comparabl...

As Korean traditional peasant farming has come to a commercialization since 1970s, the spatial structure of Korean agriculture also has been gradually restructured by principle of not subsistance but economy. This epochal transformation of agriculture and its spatial structure in Korea are comparable with the first agricultural revolution in Europe. Facing this turning point, it is essential to redefine the nature and significance of agricultural geography in Korea through the review of the outcomes of about 200 studies published since 1950s in Korea of which twelve is concerned with locational analysis. The purpose of this study is to review the trend and characteristics of location studies on Korean agriculture. Major findings are as follows: (1) Since 1950s the location studies of agriculture recorded only 12 papers which occupy no more than 6% of studies of agricultural geography in Korea. This fewness suggests that the location study of agriculture in Korea is yet at the stage of beginning. (2) In spite of the fewness the studies, carried out mainly in 1980s, contributed considerably to clarify the locational characteristics of Korean agriculture especially in the spatial variations of crops, dairy farming and cropping system, the impacts of agricultural labors, the location strategy of mountain agriculture, and the responses of farmers to hazard. (3) In approach and methodology, two thirds of the studies has taken traditional empiricist view and other, positivist. And most studies adopted classic and neo-classic locational theories as their theoretical base in description and explanation. In degree of development, the location studies of agriculture in Korea seems to be about 20 years delayed compared to that of the advanced countries in terms of approach and methodology. (4) Such tradition of the location studies reflects not only the conservative nature of agricultural geography of Korea but also the early stage of capitalism of Korean agriculture.

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