Condensed Molasses Solubles(CMS) / 당밀 혼합물이 반추위 미생물 단백질 합성량에 미치는 영향 The Effects of Condensed Molasses Solubles(CMS) / Molasses Mixtures on Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis원문보기
본 연구는 monosodium glutamate의 생산 후 발생되는 부산물인 condensed molasses solubles(CMS)가 반추가축의 질소 공급원으로서 반추위 미생물 단백질 합성에 미치는 효과를 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 반추위 canulae가 부착된 4마리의 비착유소를 4 ${\times}$ 4 라틴 방각법에 적용하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 4개의 처리구는 다음과 같다. (1) 기초사료(앞착된 보리 3kg/일과 보리짚의 자유채식), (2) 기초사료에 당밀 200g/일 그리고 물 300g/일 첨가, (3) 기초사료에 당밀 200g/일, CMS 100g/일 그리고 물 200g/일 첨가 (4) 기초 사료에 당밀 200g/일, CMS 200g/일, 그리고 물 100g/일 첨가. CMS의 첨가수준에 따른 반추위내 발효양상은 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, CMS를 200g/일을 첨가한 처리구가 다른 처리구들에 비해 반추위내 미생물 단백질 합성량의 표시로서 이용된 allantoin/creatinine의 비율을 증가시키는 경향이 나타났다(P < 0.10).
본 연구는 monosodium glutamate의 생산 후 발생되는 부산물인 condensed molasses solubles(CMS)가 반추가축의 질소 공급원으로서 반추위 미생물 단백질 합성에 미치는 효과를 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 반추위 canulae가 부착된 4마리의 비착유소를 4 ${\times}$ 4 라틴 방각법에 적용하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 4개의 처리구는 다음과 같다. (1) 기초사료(앞착된 보리 3kg/일과 보리짚의 자유채식), (2) 기초사료에 당밀 200g/일 그리고 물 300g/일 첨가, (3) 기초사료에 당밀 200g/일, CMS 100g/일 그리고 물 200g/일 첨가 (4) 기초 사료에 당밀 200g/일, CMS 200g/일, 그리고 물 100g/일 첨가. CMS의 첨가수준에 따른 반추위내 발효양상은 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, CMS를 200g/일을 첨가한 처리구가 다른 처리구들에 비해 반추위내 미생물 단백질 합성량의 표시로서 이용된 allantoin/creatinine의 비율을 증가시키는 경향이 나타났다(P < 0.10).
An experiment was conducted to evaluate condensed molasses solubles(CMS, a by-product from monosodium glutamate production) as a source of nitrogen for ruminant with particular reference to its effects on microbial protein synthesis. Four non-lactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used...
An experiment was conducted to evaluate condensed molasses solubles(CMS, a by-product from monosodium glutamate production) as a source of nitrogen for ruminant with particular reference to its effects on microbial protein synthesis. Four non-lactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a 4 ${\times}$ 4 Latin square with 14-day periods. The four treatments were (1) basal diet consisting of barley straw ad libitum and 3 kg/d of rolled barley, (2) basal diet plus 200 gld molasses and 300 g/d water, (3) basal diet plus 200 g/d molasses, 100 g/d CMS and 200 g/d water, (4) basal diet plus 200 g/d molasses, 200 g/d CMS and 100 g/d water. Ruminal pH remained at high levels and showed little variation during the day between treatments. The concentration of total and individual VFA in the rumen was similar between treatments. There was no difference in the concentration of ammonia in the rumen between treatments, although the intake of nitrogen in molassesl CMS mixture treatments was higher than that of control and molasses treatment. But there was a suggestion of an increased synthesis of microbial protein with the higher level of inclusion of CMS when the allantoin/creatinine ratio was used as an index of microbial protein production(P <0.10).
An experiment was conducted to evaluate condensed molasses solubles(CMS, a by-product from monosodium glutamate production) as a source of nitrogen for ruminant with particular reference to its effects on microbial protein synthesis. Four non-lactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a 4 ${\times}$ 4 Latin square with 14-day periods. The four treatments were (1) basal diet consisting of barley straw ad libitum and 3 kg/d of rolled barley, (2) basal diet plus 200 gld molasses and 300 g/d water, (3) basal diet plus 200 g/d molasses, 100 g/d CMS and 200 g/d water, (4) basal diet plus 200 g/d molasses, 200 g/d CMS and 100 g/d water. Ruminal pH remained at high levels and showed little variation during the day between treatments. The concentration of total and individual VFA in the rumen was similar between treatments. There was no difference in the concentration of ammonia in the rumen between treatments, although the intake of nitrogen in molassesl CMS mixture treatments was higher than that of control and molasses treatment. But there was a suggestion of an increased synthesis of microbial protein with the higher level of inclusion of CMS when the allantoin/creatinine ratio was used as an index of microbial protein production(P <0.10).
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제안 방법
An experiment was conducted to evaluate condensed molasses solubles(CMS, a by-product from monosodium glutamate production) as a source of nitrogen for ruminant with panicular reference to its effects on microbial protein synthesis. Four non-lactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a 4x4 Latin square with 14-day periods.
In view of these observations, it was decided to investigate the effects of CMS/malasses mixture on microbial protein synthesis of nonlactating dairy cows given barley straw by using the ratio of the urinary output of purine derivatives to creatinine concentrations as an index of microbial protein supply to the animal.
자le 사temic지 compositions of the dietary ingredibits arc shown in Table I and 2. Samples of rumen liquor were taken at 09:30, 11:00, 12:00, 13:00 and 15:00 on the last day of each period. The pH of the ruminal fluids was.
The treatments were applied in a sequence according to a 4x4 Latin square design with four treatments and four 14-day periods including a 14-day preliminary period. The ex peri - mental treatments were (I) basal diet consisting of barley straw ad libi/um and 3 kg/d of rolled barley, (2) basal diet plus 200 g/d molasses and 300 g/d water, (3) basal diet plus 200 g/d niolasses, 100 g/d CMS and 200 g/d water, (4) ba요 diet plus 200 g/d molasses.
이론/모형
The concentration of creatinine in urine was determined using color reagents in a commercial kit(Sigma, Dorset, UK). Allantoin was dermined by the method of Borchers(1977) and to convert xanthine, hypoxanthine and uric acid to allantoin, the enzymic procedurefFujihara et al., 1987) was used. Urea-N in urine was analysed by a colorimetric method(Watt and Chrisp, 1954).
A known weight of sample was oven dried at lOOL to constant weight and the dry matter(DM) expressed as a percentage of fresh weight. The nitrogen content of feed samples was measured by a Kjeldahl procedure using a Kjeltec Auto 1030 anyser(Foss UK Ltd, Didcot, Oxon, UK). Analyses of neutral-detergent fiber(NDF) and acid-detergent fiber(ADF) were done by the methods of Van Soest and Wine(1967) and Van Soest(1963), respectively.
For statistic지 analysis, mean values for feed intake were taken for the last 7 days of each experimental period. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and simple regression analysis to examine the treatment effects using Genstat 5(Lawes Agricultural Trust, 1990). All differences between treatments were inspected by the least significant difference(LSD) method at the 10 % level.
Ruminal ammonia N was analysed by a colorimetric method(Chaney and Marbach, 1962). Total and individual volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid was analysed by the method of Cottyn and Boucque(1968). The concentration of creatinine in urine was determined using color reagents in a commercial kit(Sigma, Dorset, UK).
Analyses of neutral-detergent fiber(NDF) and acid-detergent fiber(ADF) were done by the methods of Van Soest and Wine(1967) and Van Soest(1963), respectively. Tot시 soluble sugars were determined by a method of Somogyi (1945). The amino acid composition of CMS was determined by the modified method of Umagat et al.
성능/효과
(1981) reported that urinary nitrogen excretion with CCMS(citrus condensed molasses solubles) was lower than with control when dry corn and soybean meal were replaced by 10 % and 20 % of CCMS, suggesting that nitrogen from CCMS was well utilized. In this study, CCMS had no effect on organic matter digestibility in lams, but crude fiber and ether extract digestibility increased.
참고문헌 (18)
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Cottyn, B. G. and Boucque, G. N. 1968. Rapid method for the gas chromatographic determination of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid. J. Agric. Food Chem. 16:105.
Chen. M. C.,Ammerman, C. B., Henry. P. R., Palmer. A. Z. and Long. S. K. 1981. Citrus condensed molasses solubles as an energy source for ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 53:253
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Smith, R. H. 1975. Nitrogen metabolism in the rumen and the composition and nutntive value of nitrogen compounds entering the duodenum. In Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant. I. W. McDonald and A. C. I. Warncr(Ed.). University of New England Publishing unit. Armidale. Australia. p. 339.
Somogyi. M. 1945. A new reagent for the determination of sugars. J. BioI. Chem. 160:61.
Umagat. H.. Kucera. P. and Wem. L. H. 1982. Total amino acid analysis using precolumn fluorescence derivatization. J. Chromatogr. 239:463.
Van Soest. P. J. 1963. Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. 2. A rapid method for the determination of fiber and lignin. J. AOAC. 46:829.
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Watt. G. W. and Chrisp, .J. D. 1954. Urea in feeding stuffs. Anal. Chem. 26:452.
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