하천복원계획을 위한 생태경관 평가: 전북 만경강 상류지역을 사례로 Ecological Landscape Evaluation for the Planning of River Rehabilitation: The Upper Areas at the Mangyeong River in Jeollabukdo, Korea원문보기
근래에 들어 자연환경의 복원은 우리나라의 하천 관리에서 중요한 계획과제의 하나이다. 계획과정에 있어서 경관의 분석과 평가는 보전 지역 및 개발 지역의 적지선정을 위하여 매우 중요한 단계이다. 이 연구의 목적은 생태경관 단위에 있어서 생태환경분야별 조사 특성을 반영할 수 있는 위계적 방법론의 수립과 이에 기초한 적지분석을 통해서 하천내 보전 지역을 설정하는 데 있다. 경관 평가 과정에서 경관 스케일은 광역스케일, 지역스케일, 국지스케일로 구분하여 적용할 필요가 있으며, 이에 따라 환경자료들이 수집, 분석, 종합된다. 이러한 3단계의 단위개념이 도입되어야 하는 것은 하천코리도에서 보전지 설정을 위해 생태 자료들의 다원적 성격을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 위계적 스케일에 따른 평가과정은 3단계로 구분되어 수행되었다. 첫 번째는 장거리 경관 단위로서 광역적 개념에서 하천폭을 기준으로 설정되었다. 두 번째는 각각의 장거리 경관 단위의 지역적 개념에서 경관의 동질성을 기준으로 2이상의 단위공간으로 구분되었다. 세 번째는 국지적 개념에서 교각, 다리, 보의 위치에 따라 세분적으로 분류되었다. 이 마지막으로 분류된 국지적 단위를 기준으로 하여 생태환경에 대한 자료를 재취합, 분석하기 위한 개념적 적지분석모형의 항목들을 선정하였다. 최종 결과에서는 하천 내 습지생태학습공간으로서 집중적으로 관리되어야 할 잠재력이 있는 장소로서 3개소의 보전 지역이 설정되었다. 적지분석과정이 내포하고 있는 많은 가정에도 불구하고, 이러한 방법론적 제안은 우리나라의 하천복원계획에서 다원화된 전문가들과의 공통적 토론을 통해 생태 정보들을 통합하여 실천적으로 적용할 수 있는 틀을 제공할 수 있으리라고 기대한다.
근래에 들어 자연환경의 복원은 우리나라의 하천 관리에서 중요한 계획과제의 하나이다. 계획과정에 있어서 경관의 분석과 평가는 보전 지역 및 개발 지역의 적지선정을 위하여 매우 중요한 단계이다. 이 연구의 목적은 생태경관 단위에 있어서 생태환경분야별 조사 특성을 반영할 수 있는 위계적 방법론의 수립과 이에 기초한 적지분석을 통해서 하천내 보전 지역을 설정하는 데 있다. 경관 평가 과정에서 경관 스케일은 광역스케일, 지역스케일, 국지스케일로 구분하여 적용할 필요가 있으며, 이에 따라 환경자료들이 수집, 분석, 종합된다. 이러한 3단계의 단위개념이 도입되어야 하는 것은 하천코리도에서 보전지 설정을 위해 생태 자료들의 다원적 성격을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 위계적 스케일에 따른 평가과정은 3단계로 구분되어 수행되었다. 첫 번째는 장거리 경관 단위로서 광역적 개념에서 하천폭을 기준으로 설정되었다. 두 번째는 각각의 장거리 경관 단위의 지역적 개념에서 경관의 동질성을 기준으로 2이상의 단위공간으로 구분되었다. 세 번째는 국지적 개념에서 교각, 다리, 보의 위치에 따라 세분적으로 분류되었다. 이 마지막으로 분류된 국지적 단위를 기준으로 하여 생태환경에 대한 자료를 재취합, 분석하기 위한 개념적 적지분석모형의 항목들을 선정하였다. 최종 결과에서는 하천 내 습지생태학습공간으로서 집중적으로 관리되어야 할 잠재력이 있는 장소로서 3개소의 보전 지역이 설정되었다. 적지분석과정이 내포하고 있는 많은 가정에도 불구하고, 이러한 방법론적 제안은 우리나라의 하천복원계획에서 다원화된 전문가들과의 공통적 토론을 통해 생태 정보들을 통합하여 실천적으로 적용할 수 있는 틀을 제공할 수 있으리라고 기대한다.
Nature rehabilitation has become a major theme in river management in South Korea. An analysis and evaluation of the landscape is a crucial step to select the suitable tracts for developing or conserving land use in the process of landscape planning. The purpose of this paper is to establish a hiera...
Nature rehabilitation has become a major theme in river management in South Korea. An analysis and evaluation of the landscape is a crucial step to select the suitable tracts for developing or conserving land use in the process of landscape planning. The purpose of this paper is to establish a hierarchical procedure for the setting of the landscape units on the various scales at which field biologists performed their observations and to select the preserves through by a suitability model for synthesizing the ecological empirical, and biophysical data. An evaluation process needs to be performed according to the landscape scales: site, local, and regional scales, at which the environmental data were collected, analyzed, and synthesized. Introducing of three level scales was crucially necessary for evaluating the various multi level ecological data for zoning of preserves in river corridors. The evaluation level at different scales are hierarchically established into three phases. The first evaluation phase can be performed by the long length units defined by the ranges of stream widths at regional scale. Secondly, each of these long units can be divided into two or more segments according to its landscape homogeneity at local level. Finally the segments at the last phase can be designated according to the location of the reservoir weirs and bridges at site level. The conceptual model components are adopted for collecting, evaluating, and interpreting the biological and abiotic data at site level. Three preserves are selected, having high potentials for being intensely managed as the Ecological Education Areas in the river. Despite a lot of assumption the results are expected to facilitate discussion and decision making about which frameworks of evaluation are desirable and adaptable for integrating the ecological data into the rehabilitation design process in South Korea.
Nature rehabilitation has become a major theme in river management in South Korea. An analysis and evaluation of the landscape is a crucial step to select the suitable tracts for developing or conserving land use in the process of landscape planning. The purpose of this paper is to establish a hierarchical procedure for the setting of the landscape units on the various scales at which field biologists performed their observations and to select the preserves through by a suitability model for synthesizing the ecological empirical, and biophysical data. An evaluation process needs to be performed according to the landscape scales: site, local, and regional scales, at which the environmental data were collected, analyzed, and synthesized. Introducing of three level scales was crucially necessary for evaluating the various multi level ecological data for zoning of preserves in river corridors. The evaluation level at different scales are hierarchically established into three phases. The first evaluation phase can be performed by the long length units defined by the ranges of stream widths at regional scale. Secondly, each of these long units can be divided into two or more segments according to its landscape homogeneity at local level. Finally the segments at the last phase can be designated according to the location of the reservoir weirs and bridges at site level. The conceptual model components are adopted for collecting, evaluating, and interpreting the biological and abiotic data at site level. Three preserves are selected, having high potentials for being intensely managed as the Ecological Education Areas in the river. Despite a lot of assumption the results are expected to facilitate discussion and decision making about which frameworks of evaluation are desirable and adaptable for integrating the ecological data into the rehabilitation design process in South Korea.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
The issue was how to incorporate the data into the planning process for selecting the preserves with adequate interpretation at different scales.
The research described in this paper was organized during performing the ecological management and design project of the upper river Mangyeong, funded by the Jeollabukdo local government. I wish to express gratitude to ecologist professor, Bongsup Kil, Wonku Lee, and Iksu Kim and graduate student Hoyun Yang.
The landscape mosaic might corresponds with the regional scale which can be the strategic planning level where landscape planners are looking for opportunities and constraints to find the current land use patterns, to link possible landscape interventions with costs and benefits to people and nature, as well as to configure land use change over time (Langevelde, 1994). This study had adopted this hierarchical landscape scales concept.
가설 설정
. Which areas are suitable for successful rehabilitation?
b: Land use pattern outside from the banks: A. Naturalistic: B. below 50% of farm land; C. Above 50% of farm land.
e: parenthesis means second type of land use.
제안 방법
The level A was marked as point 3, B' as 2, and C' as 1. All points of three biotic factors at site (SU) were resumed and reclassified as high (total sum 7, 8 and 9) potentials, medium (total sum 5, 6) and low (total sum 3, 4). The deserved areas were selected at high potentials.
In this study, the landscape scales for evaluation were hierarchically categorized into three types for interpreting the whole ecosystem. Classification criteria was judged on the field situation especially by river width and around land use.
On project for the Kadowaki and Yamanaki River Hirosima prefecture Japan, conservation site selection was performed by evaluating the vegetation and avian habitat. The existing vegetation is evaluated for rare and recovery potentials and used for selecting the preserved.
Plant species were surveyed at 21 stations and were mapped as plant communities through mapping the vegetation communities seasonally (Figure 2). The composition and abundance of fish species were surveyed at 10 stations through counting the number of species on catched fishes at three random positions. The water quality data were collected every fishes-counting point.
The first stage is general, while the second is detailed evaluation. The general evaluation is performed for zoning the area as natural, semi-natural, and interrupted area by preliminary survey and existing data of land use, channel characteristics, vegetation, and water quality. The detailed evaluation is performed at specific concerned site on the information of biotic species, individual, their location, and the abiotic factors (Cho, 1997).
The purpose of this paper is to establish a hierarchical procedure for the setting of the landscape units on the various scales at which field biologists performed their observations and to select the preserves through by a suitability model for synthesizing the ecological empirical, and biophysical data. This approach is based on the assumption of the rules of combination method as presented by Hopkins (1977) which has been underlined on McHargian suitability analysis to handle the independent factors in terms of verbal logic.
This evaluation was performed at regional and local scale. The evaluation components at regional scales LUs were the proximity of forest and village, riverine agriculture activity and water related recreation activity in riverbank and diversity of depositional area in stream All the items were evaluated as high, medium and low 间ativ이y to the situation.
The evaluation components at local scales MUs were the land use around the riverbank and stream physical structure width, water surface area ratio, sedimentation types, stream bed types and water quality. This evaluation was used for describing and interpreting the naturalness.
이론/모형
This approach is based on the assumption of the rules of combination method as presented by Hopkins (1977) which has been underlined on McHargian suitability analysis to handle the independent factors in terms of verbal logic. In applying a suitability analysis to river rehabilitation, conservation planners are increasingly trying to understand the actual ecological phenomena on the selected site in their ease of interpretation.
후속연구
changes. This research is based on long term investigation and interpreting (Wolfert, 2001), and is not adequate to Korean river' project which should be done in one or two year.
참고문헌 (23)
Ahn, H. T. Amada, and K. Ichibara(1997) A study of the analysis of the riparian vegetation naturality and viewscape in upstream. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 25(3): 222-233
Bayley, P. B. (1991) The flood pulse advantage and the rehabilitation of river floodplain systems. Regul. Rivers Res. Man. 6: 75-86
Boon, P. J.(1997) Trends and dimensions in river restoration: a conference summary. In H. O. Hansen and B. L. Madsen, eds., River Restoration 96-Plenary Lectures: International Conference Arranged by the European Centre for River Restoration. Silkeborg: National Environmental Research Institute, pp, 113-125
Brookes, A.(1987) Restoring the sinuosity of artificially straightened stream channels. Environmental geology and Water Science 10: 33-41
Busan City( 2001) Master Plan for Eulsuk Island Eco-park
Cho, Y,(1997) Development of an Evaluation Method of Stream Naturalness for Ecological Restoration of Stream Corridors. Ph. D. Dissertation. Seoul National University
Harms, W. B. and H. P. Wolfert(1998) Nature rehabilitation for the river Rhine: a scenario approach at different scales. In P. H. Nienhuis, R. S. E. W. Leuven, and A M. J. Ragas, eds., New Concepts for Sustainable Management of River Basins. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backbuys Publishers. pp, 95-113
Hopkins, L. D. (1977) Methods for generating land suitability maps: a comparative evaluation. J. of the American Institute of Planners 43(4): 386-400
Jeollabukdo(2000) Master Planing and Design for the Lower Mangyeong River
Jeong, J. and S. Lee(1998) A study of pro-environmental potential of streams in Sunchon City. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 26(1): 96-112
Junk, W. J .. P. B. Bayley, and R. E. Sparks(1989) The flood fulse concept in river floodplain systems. Spec. Publ. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science 106: 110-127
Kim, D.. J. Lee, and I. Park(2000) An evaluation of stream naturalness close to nature stream restoration. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 27(5): 138-149
Langevelde, F. V,( 1994) Conceptual integration of landscape planning and landscape ecology with a focus on the Netherlands. In E. A Cook and J. N. vanLier, eds., Landscape Planning and Ecological Networks. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 27-69
McHarg, I. L.(1969) Design with Nature. New York: The Natural History Press
Miller, W.. M G. Collins. F. L. Steiner, and E. Cook(l998) An approach for green way suitability. Landscape and Urban Planning 42: 91-105
Nakagoshi, N. and T. Kondo(2002) Ecological land evaluation for nature redevelopment in river area. Landscape Ecology 17: 83-93
New York DEC(1985) Stream Corridor Management. pp. 36-47
Nunnally, N. R. and E. Keller(1979) Use of Fluvial Processes to Minimize Adverse Effects of Stream Channelization. Report to Water Resources Research Institute
Petts. G. E. and C. Amoros(l996) The Fluvial Hydrosystem, London: Chapman and Hall
Statzner, B. and B. Highgler(l986) Stream hydraulics as a major determinant of benthic invertebrate zonation patterns. Freshwater Biology 16: 127-139
Van Dijk, G. M.. E. C. L Marteijn, S. W. Leidig(l995) Ecological rehabilitation of the River Rhine plans, progress and perspectives. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 11: 377-388
Vannote, R. L.. G. W. Minshall, K. W. Commins, J. R. Sedell. and C. E. Cushing(1980) The river continuum concept. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aqatic Science 37: 130-137
Wolfert. H. P.(2001) Geomorphological Change and River Rehabilitation Case Studies on Lowland Fluvial Systems in the Netherlands. Wageningen: Altera Green World Research
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.