Lee, D.H.
(Department of Animal Life and Resources, Hankyong National University)
,
Choudhary, V.
(Department of Animal Life and Resources, Hankyong National University)
,
Lee, G.H.
(Korean Animal Improvement Association)
Real time ultrasound data was generated on 10,596 live Hanwoo cows to study genetic variation on ultrasonic beef quality traits and to assess the best model to estimate genetic parameters on these traits. Pedigree stacking and data validation was done using the SAS statistical software and the genet...
Real time ultrasound data was generated on 10,596 live Hanwoo cows to study genetic variation on ultrasonic beef quality traits and to assess the best model to estimate genetic parameters on these traits. Pedigree stacking and data validation was done using the SAS statistical software and the genetic parameter estimates were obtained by EM-REML algorithm. Out of the five different multi-trait mixed animal models constructed, the optimal model included fixed effects of herd, year-season-appraisal, body condition score, linear and quadratic covariates for chest girth, the linear covariate effect of age and the random animal and residual effect of the five models studied. The heritability of longissimus muscle area (LMA), $12^{th}$ rib measurement of back fat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) was 0.11, 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Genetic correlation of LMA vs. BF, LMA vs. MS and BF vs. MS was -0.15, 0.06 and 0.61, respectively. The results showed presence of genetic variation in these ultrasonic beef quality traits in Hanwoo cows and suggest that the selection of Hanwoo cows may be possible by performing ultrasonic scans on live animals, which will ultimately be helpful in reducing the generation interval and the cost of selection procedure.
Real time ultrasound data was generated on 10,596 live Hanwoo cows to study genetic variation on ultrasonic beef quality traits and to assess the best model to estimate genetic parameters on these traits. Pedigree stacking and data validation was done using the SAS statistical software and the genetic parameter estimates were obtained by EM-REML algorithm. Out of the five different multi-trait mixed animal models constructed, the optimal model included fixed effects of herd, year-season-appraisal, body condition score, linear and quadratic covariates for chest girth, the linear covariate effect of age and the random animal and residual effect of the five models studied. The heritability of longissimus muscle area (LMA), $12^{th}$ rib measurement of back fat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) was 0.11, 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Genetic correlation of LMA vs. BF, LMA vs. MS and BF vs. MS was -0.15, 0.06 and 0.61, respectively. The results showed presence of genetic variation in these ultrasonic beef quality traits in Hanwoo cows and suggest that the selection of Hanwoo cows may be possible by performing ultrasonic scans on live animals, which will ultimately be helpful in reducing the generation interval and the cost of selection procedure.
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문제 정의
The present study shows very low heritability for the three beef quality traits in Hanwoo cows. This is the first report on estimation of genetic parameters for the ultrasonic beef quality traits on mature breeding cows. The breeding cows were reared for producing the animals for beef purpose and so they are given emphasis on reproduction aspect.
제안 방법
The marbling score was assigned on seven points scale as per the existing standards for measurement at the start of the experiment in Korea and was then converted into 21 grade points based on a three way division of each of the seven marbling grades. The animals were also physically evaluated and were given Body Condition Score (BCS) with range of 1 to 8 scores. The chest girth was measured manually.
The traits studied by ultrasonic images were longissimus muscle area (LMA) at the 12th-rib cross-section, measurements of 12th-rib fat thickness (BF), and the marbling score (MS). The marbling score was assigned on seven points scale as per the existing standards for measurement at the start of the experiment in Korea and was then converted into 21 grade points based on a three way division of each of the seven marbling grades. The animals were also physically evaluated and were given Body Condition Score (BCS) with range of 1 to 8 scores.
The structured data and pedigree files were then analyzed to get genetic parameter estimates for LMA, BF and MS traits. Data were analyzed with a multivariate animal model using software that uses an EM-REML algorithm (Misztal, 2001) to obtain the (co)variance components estimates.
Before scanning, the appropriate area was made free of dirt and debris and vegetable oil was then applied to ensure proper transducer-guide-animal contact. The technicians were trained to minimize error in recording of the ultrasonic images. The traits studied by ultrasonic images were longissimus muscle area (LMA) at the 12th-rib cross-section, measurements of 12th-rib fat thickness (BF), and the marbling score (MS).
이론/모형
The structured data and pedigree files were then analyzed to get genetic parameter estimates for LMA, BF and MS traits. Data were analyzed with a multivariate animal model using software that uses an EM-REML algorithm (Misztal, 2001) to obtain the (co)variance components estimates.
성능/효과
The estimates were almost same for LMA, BF and MS for all the models except in Model 5 where higher estimates were obtained for LMA and BF traits. The residual (co)variances of the beef traits estimated by all the five models constructed are given in Table 4. Model 1, 2 and 3 yielded almost similar residual estimates but the estimates from Model 2 were the least for all the three traits. When Model 2 was compared with Model 4 (four trait) and 5 (five trait) it was observed that the residual variances were much higher for Model 4 and 5.
The correlation between LMA and MS was close to zero, which indicated that selection for one trait will have negligible effect on the other. Lee and Kim (2004) reported almost similar relationship (0.
후속연구
However, it is possible that beef traits measured on mature breeding cows may be different from those of yearling steers and heifers due to differences in their physiological conditions. Further study is emphasized to make selection of breeding cows on the basis of their own performance for these ultrasonically measured beef traits and to investigate the effect of selection on the performance of their progeny for these carcass traits.
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