전남지역 유기 딸기재배지에서 제충국과 멀구슬 추출물을 이용한 점박이응애 방제 및 천적에 대한 독성 Management of Two Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae, on Organic Strawberry Field in Jeonnam Area and Toxicity of Natural Enemies Against Crude Extract of Chrysanthimum cinerariefolium and Melia azedarach원문보기
유기재배 딸기 해충 방제를 위해 제충국과 멀구슬 추출물의 천적에 대한 독성과 함께 점박이응애 방제체계를 확립하기 위해 포장에서 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 칠레이리응애에 대한 제충국과 멀구슬의 살비율은 높았으나, 유럽애꽃노린재에 대해서는 낮았다. 제충국의 칠레이리응애에 대한 잔효독성은 아주 낮았으나 멀구슬은 최소한 1일 정도는 지나야 천적에 안전하였다. 기생성 천적의 우화율은 7일째에 대부분 40%내외로 나타내 천적에 약간의 피해를 주었다. 황온좀벌의 방사시에는 반드시 멀구슬 살포 이후에 하여야 한다. 제충국을 먼저 살포하여 점박이응애를 방제하기 위해 포장에서 2회 또는 3회 교호로 살포한 경우, 제충국+멀구슬처리와 제충국+제충국+멀구슬을 1주 간격으로 살포하면 15일째에 밀도가 억제 되었으나 이후 밀도가 다시 증가하였다. 제층국+멀구슬+제충국 처리시 8일째에 31.7%로 낮아졌으나, 15일 이후 30일째까지 밀도가 억제되지 못하고 증가하였다. 멀구슬을 먼저 살포한 경우, 멀구슬+제충국, 멀구슬+멀구슬+제충국, 멀구슬+제충국+멀구슬 살포시 초기에 점박이응애의 밀도가 급격히 떨어져 30일째까지 낮은 밀도가 유지되어, 멀구슬을 먼저 살포하고 제충국이나 멀구슬을 교호로 1회 더 살포하는 처리가 효과적이었다. 제충국을 살포 전 후에 천적을 방사하면 칠레이리응애의 밀도는 거의 변동 없이 유지하였으나, 점박이응애의 밀도가 증가하는 8일 이후에 밀도를 충분히 억제하지 못하였다. 멀구슬은 살포전이나 후 모두 초기부터 점박이응애의 밀도가 떨어지면서 칠레이리응애 역시 같이 밀도가 떨어져 8일 이후부터는 더 이상의 발생이 없었다.
유기재배 딸기 해충 방제를 위해 제충국과 멀구슬 추출물의 천적에 대한 독성과 함께 점박이응애 방제체계를 확립하기 위해 포장에서 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 칠레이리응애에 대한 제충국과 멀구슬의 살비율은 높았으나, 유럽애꽃노린재에 대해서는 낮았다. 제충국의 칠레이리응애에 대한 잔효독성은 아주 낮았으나 멀구슬은 최소한 1일 정도는 지나야 천적에 안전하였다. 기생성 천적의 우화율은 7일째에 대부분 40%내외로 나타내 천적에 약간의 피해를 주었다. 황온좀벌의 방사시에는 반드시 멀구슬 살포 이후에 하여야 한다. 제충국을 먼저 살포하여 점박이응애를 방제하기 위해 포장에서 2회 또는 3회 교호로 살포한 경우, 제충국+멀구슬처리와 제충국+제충국+멀구슬을 1주 간격으로 살포하면 15일째에 밀도가 억제 되었으나 이후 밀도가 다시 증가하였다. 제층국+멀구슬+제충국 처리시 8일째에 31.7%로 낮아졌으나, 15일 이후 30일째까지 밀도가 억제되지 못하고 증가하였다. 멀구슬을 먼저 살포한 경우, 멀구슬+제충국, 멀구슬+멀구슬+제충국, 멀구슬+제충국+멀구슬 살포시 초기에 점박이응애의 밀도가 급격히 떨어져 30일째까지 낮은 밀도가 유지되어, 멀구슬을 먼저 살포하고 제충국이나 멀구슬을 교호로 1회 더 살포하는 처리가 효과적이었다. 제충국을 살포 전 후에 천적을 방사하면 칠레이리응애의 밀도는 거의 변동 없이 유지하였으나, 점박이응애의 밀도가 증가하는 8일 이후에 밀도를 충분히 억제하지 못하였다. 멀구슬은 살포전이나 후 모두 초기부터 점박이응애의 밀도가 떨어지면서 칠레이리응애 역시 같이 밀도가 떨어져 8일 이후부터는 더 이상의 발생이 없었다.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant extracts, Chrysanthimum cinerariefolium and Melia azedarach to natural enemies and management of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae in organic strawberry fields in Jeonnam area. Plant extracts were highly toxic against Phytos...
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant extracts, Chrysanthimum cinerariefolium and Melia azedarach to natural enemies and management of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae in organic strawberry fields in Jeonnam area. Plant extracts were highly toxic against Phytoseiulus persimilis, but low against Orius laevigatus. In the residual effect against Phytoseiulus persimilis, C. cinerariefolium showed lower level than M. azedarach which safe at least 1 day after spray. Emergence rates of parasitoids were about 40% at seven days after spray. Eretmocerus eremicus has very low emergence rate in treatment of M. azedarach, so it should release after spray of M. azedarach. To control of T. urticae C. cinerariefolium (CC) sprayed first and then sprayed C. cinerariefolium or M. azedarach (MA) for two and three times at a week interval. In the treatment of CC+MA and CC+CC+MA, the density of T. urticae was inhibited by 15th day but increased afterward. In CC+MA+CC, that of T. urticae inhibit from 8 days but also increased after I5th day. In case of spray M. azedarach (MA) first, the treatment of MA+CC, MA+MA+CC, MA+CC+MA suppressed T. urticae from the first day so the densy of T. urticae maintained low level to 30 days after spray. It suggested that M. azedarach should spray first and then alternative spray. When C. cinerariefolium sprayed before and behind to release of P. persimilis, the density of P. persimilis maintained unchanged but could not suppress T. urticae after 8 days which T. urticae increase time. When M. azedarach sprayed, the density of T. urticae rapidly decreased. It was accompanied with P. persimilis so T. urticae did not occur at 8 days after treatment.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant extracts, Chrysanthimum cinerariefolium and Melia azedarach to natural enemies and management of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae in organic strawberry fields in Jeonnam area. Plant extracts were highly toxic against Phytoseiulus persimilis, but low against Orius laevigatus. In the residual effect against Phytoseiulus persimilis, C. cinerariefolium showed lower level than M. azedarach which safe at least 1 day after spray. Emergence rates of parasitoids were about 40% at seven days after spray. Eretmocerus eremicus has very low emergence rate in treatment of M. azedarach, so it should release after spray of M. azedarach. To control of T. urticae C. cinerariefolium (CC) sprayed first and then sprayed C. cinerariefolium or M. azedarach (MA) for two and three times at a week interval. In the treatment of CC+MA and CC+CC+MA, the density of T. urticae was inhibited by 15th day but increased afterward. In CC+MA+CC, that of T. urticae inhibit from 8 days but also increased after I5th day. In case of spray M. azedarach (MA) first, the treatment of MA+CC, MA+MA+CC, MA+CC+MA suppressed T. urticae from the first day so the densy of T. urticae maintained low level to 30 days after spray. It suggested that M. azedarach should spray first and then alternative spray. When C. cinerariefolium sprayed before and behind to release of P. persimilis, the density of P. persimilis maintained unchanged but could not suppress T. urticae after 8 days which T. urticae increase time. When M. azedarach sprayed, the density of T. urticae rapidly decreased. It was accompanied with P. persimilis so T. urticae did not occur at 8 days after treatment.
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