[논문]서울에 거주하는 청소년기 여학생들의 체형인식도, 체중조절 및 식이장애 실태

김연겸; 윤기선

서울에 거주하는 청소년기 여학생들의 체형인식도, 체중조절 및 식이장애 실태
Awareness of Body Shape, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders in Female Adolescents Living in Seoul 원문보기

대한영양사협회 학술지 = Journal of the Korean dietetic association, v.15 no.3, 2009년, pp.232 - 252

김연겸 (경희대학교 교육대학원 영양교육) , 윤기선 (경희대학교 식품영양학과, 생활과학연구소)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study investigated dieting behavior, awareness of body shapes, and eating disorders in female adolescents according to age and BMI. The Eating Attitude Test for Korean Adolescents (EAT-26KA) and sociocultural standards were used to measure eating disorders and sociocultural attitudes related to appearance, respectively. In addition, the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) scale was used to measure the correlation between disordered eating and depression. The data were collected from 390 female adolescents living in Seoul and were analyzed using SPSS15.0. The results indicated that subjects wanted to be thinner despite having a normal body weight (BMI 19.35${\pm}$2.73). They also thought of themselves as fat and with desires to be slimmer, and viewed "diet and exercise" as the best way to lose weight. About 67.4% of the respondents had tried a diet and had experienced dizziness, anorexia, and general exhaustion while dieting. Also, 5.1% of the subjects were classified as eating disorder and suffered from stress to be thin. In addition, 85.0% of the subjects with eating disorder had tried a diet due to "appearance". They thought that "being underweight" was an ideal body image and considered themselves fat, although their BMIs were in the normal range (19.94${\pm}$2.02). In terms of symptoms during dieting, many of the subjects dealing with an eating disorder felt dizzy, had low energy, and were depressed. In conclusion, we must educate young females about healthy eating and positive body image to prevent the development of adolescent eating disorders.

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핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	청소년 식이장애가 신체에 미치는 부정적 영향은?	청소년 식이장애는 청소년기 신체적 발달에 문제를 일으킬 뿐만 아니라, 심리적 발달을 비롯한 인간의 전반적인 발달과정에 문제를 일으키고 가족 구성원에게도 심각한 장애를 초래한다(Lee 2004). 신체적인 측면에서는 전해질 불균형, 치아 에나멜의 부식, 영구적인 뇌손상, 불임, 만성적인 허약, 기관손상과 심부전을 가져오게 된다. 또한 식이장애자들은 사회적으로 만족스럽지 못한 관계를 유지하고 있으며, 심리적 · 성적 기능의 측면에서도 양가적이거나 회피적인 태도를 보이고, 우울증을 비롯한 다양한 정신병리 증상들을 함께 나타내는 경향이 있다 (Kinder 1991). 이렇게 청소년기의 식이장애는 심리적, 신체적 발달에 잠재적으로 악영향을 미칠 수 있으며 더 나아가 성인이 되어서도 지속적인 문제가 이루어질 수 있으므로 청소년 식이장애의 원인을 밝히고 지속되지 않도록 상담과 식생활교육을 통해 식이행동 교정이 필요하다.
	우리나라 청소년들이 자신의 신체에 대해 부정적인 신체상을 가지고 있음을 보여주는 현상은?	즉 남성보다 여성에게서 더 강하게 나타나고 청소년이나 성인초기에 민감하게 나타난다(Kim & Kang 2007). 최근 연구들(Kim 1998; Ro 2000; Kim 2002; Kim 2004)에 의하면 우리나라 청소년들은 날씬하고, 마른 체형을 바람직한 것으로 인식하고 있을 뿐 아니라 자신의 체형이 실제로는 마르거나 표준임에도 불구하고 살찐 것으로 인식하고 있어 이는 우리나라 청소년들이 자신의 신체에 대해 부정적인 신체상을 지니고 있음을 의미한다(Lee & Lee 2006). 또한 여자 청소년의 경우, 남자 청소년에 비해서 자신감을 형성하는데 있어 다른 사람의 평가에 예민하기 때문에 또래 친구들에 의해서 뚱뚱하다는 놀림을 받게 되면 자신의 신체에 대해 불만족감을 갖는 경우가 훨씬 많은 것으로 나타났다(Lee 2004).
	청소년기 부정적인 신체상이 초래하는 부정적인 영향은?	7%로 남학생에 비해 여학생의 신체이미지 왜곡이 심각한 편이었다. 이렇게 청소년기 부정적인 신체상이 형성되면 자신의 몸매와 체중에 대한 염려가 매우 크며, 그 결과 무분별한 다이어트나 극단적인 식이제한을 함으로써 자신의 신체상을 향상시키려는 시도를 하게 되어 무절제한 식생활로 이어져 심각한 식이장애로까지 발전하게 된다(Kim 2002; Lee & Lee 2006).

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