Codium fragile (CF) is an edible green alga consumed as a traditional food source in Korea. In this study, the ethanol extract of CF was evaluated to determine if it has anti-inflammatory activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toxin from bacteria, is a potent inducer of inflammatory cytokines, such a...
Codium fragile (CF) is an edible green alga consumed as a traditional food source in Korea. In this study, the ethanol extract of CF was evaluated to determine if it has anti-inflammatory activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toxin from bacteria, is a potent inducer of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and interleukin (IL)-6. Therefore, we studied whether CF extracts have an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-induced murine macrophage cell lines (RAW 264.7). In the present study, IL-6 production was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), prostaglandin $E_2$($PGE_2$) production was measured using the EIA kit, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation were determined by Western blot analysis. IL-6 mRNA, COX-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA expression were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results indicated that CF extracts inhibit LPS-induced IL-6, NO and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner, as well as expression of iNOS and COX-2. CF extracts significantly inhibited LPS-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, these findings may help elucidate the mechanism by which CF modulates RAW 264.7 cell activation under inflammatory conditions.
Codium fragile (CF) is an edible green alga consumed as a traditional food source in Korea. In this study, the ethanol extract of CF was evaluated to determine if it has anti-inflammatory activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toxin from bacteria, is a potent inducer of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and interleukin (IL)-6. Therefore, we studied whether CF extracts have an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-induced murine macrophage cell lines (RAW 264.7). In the present study, IL-6 production was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), prostaglandin $E_2$($PGE_2$) production was measured using the EIA kit, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation were determined by Western blot analysis. IL-6 mRNA, COX-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA expression were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results indicated that CF extracts inhibit LPS-induced IL-6, NO and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner, as well as expression of iNOS and COX-2. CF extracts significantly inhibited LPS-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, these findings may help elucidate the mechanism by which CF modulates RAW 264.7 cell activation under inflammatory conditions.
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제안 방법
In this study, we evaluated the pharmacological basis for using extracts from Codium fragile (CF) as a treatment for various inflammatory diseases.
Therefore, the effects of CF extracts on the LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK were evaluated in this study.
To explore the mechanism of inhibition of NO and PGE2 production in RAW 264.7 cells, the effect of CF on the iNOS and COX-2 gene was examined.
대상 데이터
The primers used were as follows: 5-CATGTTCTCT- GGGAAATCGTGG-3 (sense) and 5-AACGCACTAGG- TTTGCCGAGTA-3 (antisense) for IL-6; 5-AGCCCAA- CAATACAAATGACCCTA-3 (sense) and 5-TTCCTGT- TGTTTCTATTTCCTTTGT-3 (antisense) for iNOS; 5-CACTCAGTTTGTTGAGTCATTC-3 (sense) and 5-GA- TTAGTACTGTAGGGTTAATG-3 (antisense) for COX2 and 5-ATGAAGATCCTGACCGAGCGT-3 (sense) and 5-AACGCAGCTCAGTAACAGTCCG-3 (antisense) for β-actin.
데이터처리
*p<0.05 vs the LPS treated group; significances between treated groups were determined using the Student's t-test.
*p<0.05, **p<0.005 vs the LPS treated group; significances between treated groups were determined using the Student's t-test.
Statistical significance was compared between each treated group and the control and was determined by Student's t-tests.
Statistical significance: p<0.05 vs the LPS treated group; significances between treated groups were determined using the Student's t-test.
성능/효과
In conclusion, we have shown that extracts from CF inhibited LPS-induced NO, PGE2, and IL-6 productions in macrophages, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression and the phosphorylation of, JNK 1/2.
참고문헌 (32)
Medzhitov R, Janeway CA Jr. 1998. An ancient system
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