The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic historical characteristics and its modern trend of Torajan traditional housing architecture in Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The Toraja culture belongs to the cosmological culture with Cosmos centric characteristics. A traditional house, being ca...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic historical characteristics and its modern trend of Torajan traditional housing architecture in Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The Toraja culture belongs to the cosmological culture with Cosmos centric characteristics. A traditional house, being called 'tongkonan' in Toraja region, is more than just a structure, representing the symbol of family identity and tradition. The Torajan architecture is a combination of the myth and cosmos, also regional conditions. With a short description of the general conditions and spiritual values of the Toraja, this paper explains the space-composition, the stylistic characteristics, the ornamental elements, construction, and its modern trend, etc. In general, it is raised on stilts several metres high, with a dramatically boat-shaped roof. Village layout varies according to size. The houses are arranged in a row, side by side, with their front gables facing north. Each house stands opposite its own rice-barn. The houses with their oblong ground-plans, built on piles set on stones. The interior is divided into three or four rooms, having few window. The houses are embellished with carving and paintings, and the facades display engraved and painted geometric and figural designs. The most frequent motif is the buffalo head, ranging from the realistic to the highly stylized. The Torajan traditional housing have experienced radical changes during the Modern period. In spite of the popularity of new modern house-styles, the traditional architectural style is often now constructed as an icon of Toraja identity. This paper will be helpful for understanding regional diversity of the traditional housing in Southeast Asia.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic historical characteristics and its modern trend of Torajan traditional housing architecture in Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The Toraja culture belongs to the cosmological culture with Cosmos centric characteristics. A traditional house, being called 'tongkonan' in Toraja region, is more than just a structure, representing the symbol of family identity and tradition. The Torajan architecture is a combination of the myth and cosmos, also regional conditions. With a short description of the general conditions and spiritual values of the Toraja, this paper explains the space-composition, the stylistic characteristics, the ornamental elements, construction, and its modern trend, etc. In general, it is raised on stilts several metres high, with a dramatically boat-shaped roof. Village layout varies according to size. The houses are arranged in a row, side by side, with their front gables facing north. Each house stands opposite its own rice-barn. The houses with their oblong ground-plans, built on piles set on stones. The interior is divided into three or four rooms, having few window. The houses are embellished with carving and paintings, and the facades display engraved and painted geometric and figural designs. The most frequent motif is the buffalo head, ranging from the realistic to the highly stylized. The Torajan traditional housing have experienced radical changes during the Modern period. In spite of the popularity of new modern house-styles, the traditional architectural style is often now constructed as an icon of Toraja identity. This paper will be helpful for understanding regional diversity of the traditional housing in Southeast Asia.
인도네시아에서 ‘루마 아닷(rumah adat)’으로 통칭되고 있는 단위주거는 지역의 기후 조건과 재료에 따른 고유의 미적(美的) 특성을 지닌 하나의 오브제로 역할하면서 마을의 관습체계, 사회적 관계, 전통적 규율, 신앙적 금기와 신화, 그리고 종족의 역사에서 관습적으로 이어져 온 사회 질서(제도)의 물리적ㆍ상징적 결과물로 남아 있다.3)
인도네시아에서 주거에 대한 인식은 어떠한가?
인도네시아에서 주거(혹은 주택)는 인간생활을 위한 물리적 공간이라는 일차적 목적과 함께 종족(種族) 집단의 사회적 체계(질서)를 구성하는 기본 단위로 기능하며, 동시에 신앙적 의미(의례)를 표현하는 신성화된 상징물로 인식되는 경향이 강하다. 다시 말 해, 주거건축의 계획적 방향을 생활의 편리성과 기능성 그리고 구조적 합리성에 두기보다는 종족의 역사 속에서 구축된 신앙적 가치를 보존하고 사회적 질서와 연속성을 이어가는 데 더 큰 의미를 둔다.
알룩 또도로의 특징은?
이상(以上)의 모든 형이상학적 관념은 또라자에서 ‘알룩 또도로(Aluk Todolo, 이하 알룩)’20)라 불리는 전통 신앙을 통해 확립되어 왔다. 또라자 전통 신앙의 주된 특징 중의 하나는 종족의 시조(始祖)에 대한 숭배의식이 상당히 강하다는 점이다.21) 이는 이슬람과 기독교가 도래하기 이전부터 또라자인의 삶 속에 강하게 밀착되어 있었으며, 신앙으로서 뿐만이 아니라 관습과 의례에 관한 기준으로 고착되어 왔다.
참고문헌 (18)
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