[논문]도시화로 인한 생태계에서 종 다양성의 변화와 공간시기적 변동

허만규; 이병룡

doi:10.5352/jls.2012.22.11.1435

도시화로 인한 생태계에서 종 다양성의 변화와 공간시기적 변동
Changes in Species Diversity and Spatiotemporally Fluctuation across Human-modified Ecosystems 원문보기

생명과학회지 = Journal of life science, v.22 no.11 = no.151, 2012년, pp.1435 - 1443

초록
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거제도 안골 골짜기와 뱃골 골짜기에서 식물 군락의 변화를 조사하였다. 알파-다양도와 감마-다양도는 서식지 단절의 크기와 정도에 따라 감소하였다. 우세종의 평균 종수도 서식지 단절에 따라 감소하였다. 상수리나무를 비롯한 참나무과 종들은 붉은토끼풀 같은 도입된 귀화식물의 증가에 따라 주요도가 감소하였다. 교란이 일어나지 않은 숲에서 성체 생존율의 몫이 증가함에 따라 탄력 예상치의 절대적 비는 2003년부터 2011년까지 증가하였다. 그러나 교란 집단에서는 비가 낮았다. Moran의 I값은 전반적으로 서식지 단절지역과 서식지전환 시기에서는 감소하였다. 결국 거제도에서 도시화에 따른 식물 군락은 환경이 교란되었을 때 보편종의 감소를 유발하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The changes of plant communities at Angol valley and Baetgol valley in Geoje-do were studied. Both ${\alpha}$-diversity and ${\gamma}$-diversity decreased with the sizes and degrees of habitat fragmentations. The mean number of winner species decreased with habitat fragmentation. All Quercus species, including Quercus acutissima, significantly declined in importance, while the many introduced species, including Trifolium pretense, all increased in importance. As the proportional change in adult survival rate increased, the absolute value of the bias in the elasticity prediction also increased from 2003 to 2011 at undisturbed forests. However, the bias was low for decreases in disturbed populations. Moran's I values showed overall decreases for habitat fragmentation and for the periods of habitat conversion. Eventually, plant communities, due to urbanization in Goeje-do, might have led to decreased chances of common species when the environment was disturbed.

주제어

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가설 설정

Here, we focused on habitat specialization, a proxy for niche width, because a widespread pattern of BH in plant communities is that loser species are generally habitat-specialist species [7,26], thus leading to functional BH. Using data from a common plant monitoring survey at Angol valley and Baetgol valley in the Geoje-do, as well as GIS-derived indices of landscape disturbance in space (habitat fragmentation) and time (habitat conversion), we specifically addressed the following questions: (i) Does landscape disturbance influence the average specialization of plant communities, with more generalist communities in more disturbed landscapes? (ii) Is this change in community composition associated with taxonomic homogenization of plant communities?

제안 방법

This was done in several groups, showing that declining species can be characterized in terms of dispersal mode, sensitivity to herbivory or growth form in plants [3]. In addition, the approach comparing the attribute of loser versus winner species should be combined with a study of the relationship between BH and the intensity of disturbance for a proper elucidation of the origin of BH. These two approaches have rarely been combined to examine functional BH [7], especially in plants, although functional BH of plant communities has obvious consequences for ecosystem functioning.
To analyze whether winner species differed in their ecological attributes from loser species, tests were set up to investigate different species traits. All species were assigned into categories for each traits and G-test or Wilcoxon rank test revealed, whether certain species traits were more common among winner species than loser species or vice versa.
We classified habitats of Angol valley and Baetgol valley according to the European CORINE Land Cover habitat classification and subsequently aggregated them into three categories: forests (St. A), agricultural landscapes (St. B), and urban areas (St. C) (Fig. 1). St.

이론/모형

We also ruled out a possible effect of geographical clustering by checking the absence of spatial autocorrelation in square fragmentation and surrounding habitat conversion using the global Moran’s I statistic in the spdep R package.

성능/효과

A stepwise linear regression of apparent native species invasions initially based on all predictor variables retained only mean patch size, starting successional index and road density, contributing 39.1%, 7.7% and 2.8% respectively for a combined adjusted r² of 48.6%, P<0.0001).
To analyze whether winner species differed in their ecological attributes from loser species, tests were set up to investigate different species traits. All species were assigned into categories for each traits and G-test or Wilcoxon rank test revealed, whether certain species traits were more common among winner species than loser species or vice versa. The investigated traits and predictions, about how they should be distributed among winner and loser species according to hypothesized vegetation change, are described in the following.

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