[논문]단백질 인산화에 의해 매개되는 브라시노스테로이드 신호전달 연구의 최근 상황

이유; 김수환

doi:10.5352/jls.2012.22.3.428

단백질 인산화에 의해 매개되는 브라시노스테로이드 신호전달 연구의 최근 상황
Update on Phosphorylation-Mediated Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathways 원문보기

생명과학회지 = Journal of life science, v.22 no.3 = no.143, 2012년, pp.428 - 436

이유 (연세대학교 원주캠퍼스 생명과학기술학부) , 김수환 (연세대학교 원주캠퍼스 생명과학기술학부)

초록
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단백질 인산화는 세포의 활동을 조절하는 보편적인 과정이다. 브라시노스테로이드(brassinostreoid)에 의해 매개되는 신호전달은 브라시노스테로이드에 의해 활성화된 세포막상의 protein kinase 로부터 인산화되어 있는 전사인자들을 탈인산화하는 연속적인 인산화/탈인산화 과정이다. 브라시노스테로이드에 의해 매개되는 신호전달의 연구는 인산화에 관여하는 kinase 기질상의 아미노산을 밝히고, 그와 관련된 돌연변이체의 표현형을 알아봄으로써 급속하게 발전하였다. BRI1과 BAK1의 자기인산화(autophosphorylation), 상호인산화(transphosphorylation), 타이로신 인산화(tyrosine phosphorylation)를 밝힘으로써 그들의 조절작용을 식물의 생리학적, 발생학적 과정을 더 이해할 수 있는 장이 열렸다. 브라시노스테로이드에 의한 인산화는 수용체에 의해 매개되는 세포 내 함입(endocytosis)과 그에 뒤따르는 수용체의 파괴현상에서도 볼 수 있다. 인산화/탈인산화 과정에 관련하여 브라시노스테로이드에 의해 매개되는 신호전달은 더 연구할 여지가 많이 남아 있다. 이 총설은 단백질의 인산화/탈인산화 과정을 통한 브라시노스테로이드의 신호전달 연구의 최근 상황을 기술하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Protein phosphorylation is a universal mechanism that regulates cellular activities. The brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction pathway is a relay of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cascades. It starts with the BR-induced activation of the membrane receptor kinase brassinosteroid insensitive 1 (BRI1), resulting in the dephosphorylation of transcription factors such as BZR1/BES2 and BZR2/BES1 followed by BR-induced gene expression. Brassinosteroid signal transduction research has progressed rapidly by identifying the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation site(s) of the BR-regulated kinase and phosphatase substrates with a simultaneous pursuit of mutant phenotypes. Autophosphorylation, transphosphorylation, and serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor protein kinases BRI1 and BRI1-associated kinase (BAK1) have increased the understanding of the regulatory role of those kinases during physiological and developmental processes in plants. The phosphorylation event initiated by BR is also found in the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis and the subsequent degradation of the receptor. However, the basic molecular links of the BR signal transduction pathway are not well understood regarding this phosphorylation/dephosphorylation event. This review summarizes the current state of BR signal transduction research to uncover the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation networks and suggests directions for future research on steroid signal transduction to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the process.

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However, the order of phosphorylation is not known. Do the phosphorylation sites act as a bar code for reaction specificity? For example, if there are four multiple phosphorylation sites, does the phosphorylation of the first and third sites have a different reaction specificity from that of the first and fourth sites? Do the phosphorylation sites have tissue and/or developmental specificity? Phosphorylation research related to BR signaling is still a widely open area of study.
However, the order of phosphorylation is not known. Do the phosphorylation sites act as a bar code for reaction specificity? For example, if there are four multiple phosphorylation sites, does the phosphorylation of the first and third sites have a different reaction specificity from that of the first and fourth sites? Do the phosphorylation sites have tissue and/or developmental specificity? Phosphorylation research related to BR signaling is still a widely open area of study.

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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