[논문]평가자료가 결핍된 어업의 과도어획상태와 자원의 남획여부를 결정하는 실용적인 방법

장창익; 이재민

doi:10.13000/jfmse.2013.25.5.1009

평가자료가 결핍된 어업의 과도어획상태와 자원의 남획여부를 결정하는 실용적인 방법
A Pragmatic Approach for Determining Overfishing and Overfished Condition for Assessing Data-deficient Fisheries 원문보기

水産海洋敎育硏究 = Journal of fisheries and marine sciences education, v.25 no.5 = no.65, 2013년, pp.1009 - 1019

초록
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본 연구는 어업자원이 건강한 상태에 있는지 아니면 남획된 상태에 있는지를 판단하고, 현재 어업활동이 과도한지 아닌지를 판단하기 위한 간단하고 실용적인 방법을 개발하였다. 자원평가를 수행시에는 고가의 자료와 고도의 기술력이 요구되는 어려움이 있는데, 특히 소규모 어업과 다종어업에서 어려움이 더욱 심하다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법은 어업자원의 구체적인 상태와 어업활동의 객관적인 상태를 고려해서 어업자원을 보존하고 어업활동을 규제할 수 있는 실용적이고 신뢰할 수 있는 방법이다. 예를 들어, 자원량과 어획사망률을 추정하는데 필요한 자료가 없거나, 추정할 수있는 과학적 능력이 부족한 경우에는, 자원량을 대용해서 단위노력당어획량을 사용하고 어획사망률을 대용해서 어획노력량 자료를 사용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 방법의 실현가능성과 유용성을 입증하기 위하여, 복수어종으로 집계된 어획량과 어획노력량 만으로 된 경우나 또는 개체군 특성치 정보와 체장자료 만이 이용 가능한 경우에 대해 적용하였다. 이 방법은 수산자원의 보존이라는 전지구적 목표를 달성하는데 있어서, 필요한 자원상태와 어업상태를 판단해서 어획활동을 규제하고 조정할 수 있는 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

주제어

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문제 정의

1] shows that the distinction between the overfished condition and the adverse effect situation and, more critically, confirmation of the adverse effect situation flowing from overcapacity and over-fishing are both scientifically and logistically feasible. This is an important confirmation that a determination whether a particular fish stock is in an overfished condition can be rendered based on scientific data and analyses. Furthermore, [Fig.

제안 방법

The objective of this paper is to propose an approach to identify the status of the stock biomass to determine whether it is in a healthy condition or in an over-fished condition, and whether the current fishing operation is in the status of overfishing or not, by fully accounting for the data-poor and multi-species situations as well. This method is then applied to actual single- and multi- stocks under various levels of data availability to demonstrate the usefulness and feasibility of the proposed approach.

성능/효과

At the same time, however, concerns have been raised as to the logistical and practical difficulties countries may face in conducting stock assessments: that 1) a stock assessment requires expensive data and advanced scientific capacity; and that 2) such a stock assessment becomes more difficult where the nature of a fishery is small-scale, multi-species catching operation. In this situation, there do not exist sufficiently detailed studies to identify whether any fishing operation is indeed in the status of overfishing or not for a variety of fisheries including multi-species fisheries, data-poor artisanal fisheries as well as traditional single species fisheries.
It has been noted that many developing countries have expressed their concerns regarding the practical and logistical difficulties in carrying out a stock assessment: arguing that 1) such a stock assessment requires expansive data and highly advanced scientific capacity, which would mean that a sufficient transition time is necessary with the sufficient technical assistance for them to improve their scientific capacity; and that 2) such a stock assessment is more difficult in a situation where the nature of a fishery is small-scale, multi-species catching. In fact, however, there exist various alternative approaches to a stock assessment in data-deficient environment which can be utilized by developing countries.
3] the most recent year, 1977, was in the yellow zone of the upper panel which means ‘not overfished, but dangerous to be overfished multi-stocks’, and it was also in the yellow zone of the lower panel which means ‘light overfishing is going on the multi-stocks’ by the fishery. Based on the assessment, we can conclude that the condition of multi-stock was in a little risky condition with the CPUE of 1977, which was between CPUEMSY and CPUEMSY/2 (upper panel of [Fig. 3]) and that the Java Sea trawl fishery was not properly managed with the larger than FMSY in 1977 (lower panel of [Fig. 3]).
means ‘overfished stock’ and ‘overfishing is going on the stock’ by the fishery. Based on this assessment, it will be possible to conclude that the small yellow croaker stock was in an over-fished condition with the lower than BPRMSY in 1992, which was in the red zone (upper panel of [Fig. 4]) and that the croaker fishery was not managed properly since the fishing operation was the status of overfishing with the F1992 in the red zone (lower panel of [Fig. 4]).
2] the most recent year, 1967, was in the green zone of the upper panel which means ‘not overfished stock’, as well as was in the green zone of lower panel which means ‘no overfishing is going on the stock’ by the fishery. Based on this assessment, it will be possible to conclude that the yellowfin tuna stock was in a healthy condition with a higher than CPUEMSY in 1967 (upper panel of [Fig. 2]) and that this yellowfin tuna fishery was conservatively managed with a smaller than FMSY in 1967 (lower panel of [Fig. 2]).
Anonymous (2008) reported a study titled The Sunken Billions which concludes that marine capture fisheries are an underperforming global asset. The study shows that the difference between the potential and actual net economic benefits from marine fisheries is in the order of $50 billion per year. The report also stressed that improved governance of marine fisheries could capture a substantial part of this $50 billion annual economic loss, and that reforms of the fisheries sector could generate considerable additional economic growth and alternative livelihoods, both in the marine economy and other economic sectors by addressing various political, social, and economic costs (Anonymous, 2008).

참고문헌 (16)

Anonymous(2008). The Sunken Billions. The Economic Justification for Fisheries Reform. Agriculture and Rural Development, Sustainable Development Network, Advanced edition, The World Bank and FAO
Anonymous(2007). Draft Consolidated Chair Texts on the AD and SCM Agreement. WTO TN/RL/W/213.
Beverton, Ray. J. J. and Sydeny .J. Holt(1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fishery investigation, Series II, Marine fisheries, Great Britain Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 19. 533.
Dwiponggo, A.(1979). Review of the demersal resources and fisheries in the Java Sea. Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, Indonesia; 36.(Mimeo).
Food and Agriculture Organization(1995). Report of the Expert Consultation on Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries Management, FAO Fisheries Report No. 519. FAO, Rome.
Food and Agriculture Organization(2010). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture, 218.
Fox, William W., Jr.(1970). An exponential surplus yield model for optimizing exploited fish populations, Trans, Amer. Fish. Soc., 90.
Harley, S. S. Hoyle P. Williams J. Hampton, and P. Kleiber(2010). Stock assessment of bigeye tuna in the western and central Pacific Ocean, WCPFC SC6-2010/SA-WP-04. 105.
Hilborn, Ray(2012). Overfishing: what everyone needs to know, Oxford University Press, 150pp.
Pella, J. J. and P. K. Tomlinson(1969). A generalized stock production model, Inter. Am. Trop. Tuna Comm. Bull.-; 13: 419-496.
US NPFMC(2012). Stock assessment and fisheries evaluation report for the groundfish resources of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands region, NPFMC, US, Anchorage, 2008.
Zhang, Chang-Ik Gunderson Donald and Sullivan Patrick(1991). Using data on biomass and fishing mortality to stock production modeling of flatfish, Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 27(3/4): 459-467.

상세보기
Zhang, Chang-Ik Kim Suam and Yoon Sung-Bong (1992). Stock assessment and management implications of small yellow croaker in Korean waters, J. Korean Fish. Soc. 25(4): 282-290.
Zhang, Chang-Ik(2010). Marine Fisheries Resource Ecology, Pukyong National University Press, Busan, Korea; 561.
Zhang, Chang-Ik and Marasco, Richard(2003). New approaches in fisheries assessment and management under the exclusive economic zone regime in Korea, Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 38, 685 693.
Zhang, Chang-Ik and Marasco, Richard(2008). A review of the current status of ecosystem-based fisheries assessment and management. KAST Review of Modern Science & Technology, 4: 55-63.

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평가자료가 결핍된 어업의 과도어획상태와 자원의 남획여부를 결정하는 실용적인 방법
A Pragmatic Approach for Determining Overfishing and Overfished Condition for Assessing Data-deficient Fisheries 원문보기

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평가자료가 결핍된 어업의 과도어획상태와 자원의 남획여부를 결정하는 실용적인 방법 A Pragmatic Approach for Determining Overfishing and Overfished Condition for Assessing Data-deficient Fisheries 원문보기

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