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과학 탐구 기반의 통합적 STEM 교육 모형 개발 및 적용
Development and Application of Integrative STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Education Model Based on Scientific Inquiry 원문보기

한국과학교육학회지 = Journal of the Korean association for science education, v.34 no.2, 2014년, pp.63 - 78  

이효녕 (경북대학교) ,  권혁수 (공주대학교) ,  박경숙 (경북대학교) ,  오희진 (경북대학교)

초록
AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

통합적 STEM 교육은 과학, 기술, 공학, 수학의 내용과 과정을 체계적이고 의도적으로 통합하려는 공학적 설계기반 학습을 말하며, 다른 교과와 통합을 통해 더욱 발달할 수 있다. 이 연구는 과학 탐구 기반의 통합적 STEM 교육 프로그램의 개발과 효과 검증을 위한 기초연구이며, STEM 교육 관련 문헌 연구를 통해 STEM 교육의 가치와 핵심요소를 분석하고 과학 탐구 기반의 통합적 STEM 교육 모형의 개발 및 모형을 적용하여 개발한 대표적인 예시 프로그램을 제시하는 것이다. 모형에 포함될 요소를 확정하기 위해 문헌 분석을 실시하였고, 선행 연구에 포함된 내용과 탐구 과정을 분석하여 통합적 STEM 교육 모형을 구성하였다. 전문가의 내용 타당도 분석 결과 CVR 값의 평균은 0.78로 구성된 모형은 내용 타당도가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 이 STEM 교육 모형은 내용과 탐구 과정의 두 가지 측면으로 나누어진다. 내용의 측면은 실생활 문제에서 경험할 수 있는 과학, 기술, 공학, 수학 그리고 인문사회와 예술적 소재까지 포괄할 수 있으며, 탐구 과정은 설계와 제작을 기반으로 한 문제해결 과정이다. 탐구 과정은 과학 탐구를 기반으로 하여 기술 공학적 문제해결 과정을 적용할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 학생들은 실생활 문제를 분석하고, 설계하고 제작하는 과정에서 STEM 교과에 대한 흥미를 향상시킬 수 있고 문제에 포함된 지식과 탐구의 방법과 기능을 체계적으로 학습할 수 있다. 개발된 프로그램은 학교 현장에서 활용되어, STEM 교과에 대한 이해도 증진과 과학, 수학에 대한 흥미를 높이고, 과학기술 기반의 융합적 소양과 설계 기반의 문제해결력을 배양하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

Integrative STEM education is an engineering design-based learning approach that purposefully integrates the content and process of STEM disciplines and can extend its concept to integration with other school subjects. This study was part of fundamental research to develop an integrative STEM educat...

주제어

#통합적 STEM 교육   #통합 교육   #과학적 탐구   #설계 기반 학습   #과학 교육   #기술 교육   #수학 교육  

질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
공학적 설계는 어떻게 구분하여 설명할 수 있는가? 공학적 설계(Engineering Design)는 분석(analysis)과 종합(synthesis)으로 구분하여 설명할 수 있다(Burghardt & Hacker, 2004; Hacker & Burghardt, 2004; Kwon & Park, 2009). 분석은 설계 과정에 과학, 수학, 기술 등의 지식을 사용하는 것을 핵심으로 하고, 종합에서는 문제의 답(예, 산출물의 제작)을 찾기 위해 주어진 정보의 통합과 모델링/시작품 제작의 응용 과정을 포함한다.
융합인재교육이란? 이에 따라 한국과학창의재단은 STEAM 교육을 ‘융합인재교육’으로 명칭을 확정하였다. 융합인재교육(STEAM)은 미국을 비롯한 많은 선진 국가에서 과학 기술 분야의 인재 양성을 위해 실시하고 있는 STEM 교육에 Arts(예술) 부분이 통합된 교육 접근 방식이다. 이는 Sanders(2009, 2011)의 ‘통합적 STEM 교육’에서 추구하는 방향과 일치하며, STEM 교육과 다르게 Arts(인문-예술) 부분이 구분되어 강조되어 있다.
STEM 교육의 한계점은 무엇인가? STEM 교육은 일반적으로 기술/공학과 관련된 과학, 수학 교육을 통합하는 형태로 다루어져 왔다(Bybee, 2010; Merrill & Daugherty, 2010). 하지만 과학 교과 측면서의 내용적, 방법적인 특성을 구체적으로 반영하는데 미흡하다. 이 연구에서는 과학 탐구와 기술/공학적 설계 기반의 문제 해결을 잘 드러낼 수 있는 Sanders(2006, 2009)의 정의를 기초로 하여 모형을 개발한다.
질의응답 정보가 도움이 되었나요?

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