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문제 정의
- This study was a randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to either an experimental (n=12) or a control group (n=11) using a random permuted block design and sealed envelopes.
제안 방법
- Figure 2. Balance parameter (BBS, TIS) were assessed before the intervention and after the 4 weeks intervention. After the 4 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements in the parameters.
- Figure 3. Gait ability parameter (GV, Cd) were assessed before the intervention and after the 4 weeks intervention. After the 4 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements in the parameters.
- The levels of the game were determined by fruits size such as watermelons, pumpkins, apples, persimmons, chestnuts, jujubes and strawberries. Levels of training were individualized based on assessments of weight distribution and degrees of tilt in the hips and knees. The subjects received the 3D balance training over two 15 minute sessions, that is, for 30 minutes daily.
- Participants were assigned to either an experimental (n=12) or a control group (n=11) using a random permuted block design and sealed envelopes. The experimental group received additional 3D balance training for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Both groups received a regular 30-min conservative physical therapy session based on neurodevelopmental therapy.
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 3-dimensional (3D) balance trainer in conjunction with a task-oriented video-game program and visual feedback on balance recovery and gait function in subacute stroke patients [10,15].
- Twenty-three subacute stroke patients (13 men and 10 women) participated to this study at the Myungji Choonhey Hospital. The study inclusion criteria were: (1) a diagnosis of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke) and a stroke onset at ＞3 months and ＜6 months prior to study commencement; (2) sufficient cognition to follow simple instructions and understand the content and purpose of the study (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination Score＞24); (3) a muscle power of the affected hip and knee extensors of more than fair grade; and (4) an ability to maintain standing balance and walk more than 10 m independently. Subjects that met the following criteria were excluded: (1) a visual deficit or a visual field deficit problem; (2) an orthopaedic disease of the lower limbs; or (3) severe vascular disorders of the lower limbs.
- Levels of training were individualized based on assessments of weight distribution and degrees of tilt in the hips and knees. The subjects received the 3D balance training over two 15 minute sessions, that is, for 30 minutes daily. Each 20 session comprised 10 minutes of training and 5 minutes of rest to prevent fatigue.
- , Gumi, Korea, 2012) was used for the intervention (Figure 1). This trainer consist of a balance board with weight bearing sensors on the right and left sides, a conventional touch screen, and a tilting sensor that measures the amount of affected knee flexion and extension in degrees. Each subject was asked to stand on the balance board and perform balance training using a game system.
대상 데이터
- Twenty-three subacute stroke patients (13 men and 10 women) participated to this study at the Myungji Choonhey Hospital. The study inclusion criteria were: (1) a diagnosis of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke) and a stroke onset at ＞3 months and ＜6 months prior to study commencement; (2) sufficient cognition to follow simple instructions and understand the content and purpose of the study (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination Score＞24); (3) a muscle power of the affected hip and knee extensors of more than fair grade; and (4) an ability to maintain standing balance and walk more than 10 m independently.
데이터처리
- The Wilcoxon’s signed rank test was used to determine the significances of changes before-to-after intervention and intergroup differences.
이론/모형
- The Kolmogorov-Smirnov verification was used to confirm the normality of data, which were found to be normally distributed. The Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test were used to assess the homogeneity of the experimental and control groups. The Wilcoxon’s signed rank test was used to determine the significances of changes before-to-after intervention and intergroup differences.
- The Wilcoxon’s signed rank test was used to determine the significances of changes before-to-after intervention and intergroup differences. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare to changes between the control group and the experimental group. Statistical significance was accepted for p-values＜0.
성능/효과
- Intergroup and intragroup analyses of BBS and TIS scores are summarized in Table 2, Figure 2. After the 4-week intervention, BBS and TIS scores were sig- nificantly increased in both groups (p＜0.05), and increases in these scores were significantly greater in the experimental group (p＜0.05). Gait abilities were assessed using the GAITRite system based on gait speed and cadence.
- Gait abilities were assessed using the GAITRite system based on gait speed and cadence. After the 4-week intervention, gait speed and cadence were significantly increased in both groups (p＜0.05), and as was observed for BBS and TIS scores, changes in gait speed and cadence were significantly greater in the experimental group (p＜0.05; Table 3, Figure 3).
후속연구
- Limitation of our study is that we did not attempt to evaluate gait quality and the small number of participants. Accordingly, we suggest a further study to be conducted using gait quality assessment tools, such as a 3D motion analysis system.
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