선택한 단어 수는 입니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
선택한 단어 수는 30입니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
제안 방법
- When necessary, minimal assistance was provided through a cane to eliminate the subjects’ anxiety during gait performance. Additionally, a step-test measurement was conducted three times after the implementation of the conditions. Each condition was measured with OptoGait and the step test, and subjects took enough rest before moving to the next condition.
- Each bar was equipped with a total of 96 light-emitting diodes placed at 1-cm intervals, and communicated through direct infrared light. An optical sensor transmitted at 100 Hz was used and collected information about the time and space gait parameters while a subject walked between two parallel bars. Video information was saved and the web cam was synchronized for measurement accuracy, including the starting foot for the walk of the subject and recognition of error due to foot overlap.
- For hemiplegia patients who have abnormal gait patterns,exercises that increase the activity of the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles, as well as activate the quadriceps around the knee joint, and the coordinated movement of soleus are known to be important [21]. For the single-leg stance applied in this study, the stance was set to maintain 5oflexion at the hip joint and a 10oflexion of the knee joint, at best,based on previous studies [13] for lower-extremity muscle activation. Additionally, the reason why knee joint movement was applied after the single-stance on the affected side in the fourth condition was that repeated movement of the joint inputs sense stimuli to sense receptors of the joints and muscles.
- The significant results of the step test in all conditions was attributed to the fact that the foot used for the single-leg stance and the weight-bearing foot on the step test was the same. Furthermore, the significant results are attributed to weight bearing by the affected leg and its measurement in the two conditions of shifting the maximal voluntary weight and the single-leg stance. However, a significant difference was found only in the OptoGait measurement in this study, and this is probably because the focus of the conditions applied to subjects was placed on muscle activity and sensory input of the affected side in the standing position.
- In this study, four conditions in standing (standing still,maximal voluntary shifting of weight to the affected side and holding for 30 s, single-leg stance on the affected leg for 30 s, and repeatedly flexing/extending the knee joint for 30s while in a single-leg stance on the affected leg) were implemented, and their effects on weight-bearing ability and gait were immediately compared. To measure the weightbearing ability of the affected side and dynamic standing balance, a step test was used.
- In this study, movement of joint with muscle activity was applied to increase weight bearing on the affected side to produce a more symmetrical weight bearing. This provides sensory stimuli into the sensory receptors of the joints and muscles, and the input of proprioceptive sense information contributes to the stability of joints [15].
- In other words, movement of a joint affects the movements of other joints. In this study, the activity of the more effective muscles around the joints and make sense of the receptor activity in single-leg stance was applied to the movement of the knee joint.
- The inclusion criteria of this study were as follows:(1) a score of ≥25 on the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), (2) ability to do 10-m independent gait or independent gait with a cane, (3) reduced proprioceptive sense in the affected leg, and (4) absence of musculoskeletal disorders in the lower extremities.
- This study applied the four conditions to stroke patients to measure dynamic balance and weight bearing of the affected lower extremity and gait parameters. Positioning of each condition was as follows: condition 1 was quiet standing position for 30 s, condition 2 was holding the position after maximal voluntary shifting the weight to the affected side,condition 3 was holding the single leg standing position on the affected leg, and condition 4 was repeating flexion/extension movements of the knee joints for 30 s while in a single-leg stance.
- Accordingly, in this study, we intended to apply movement of the knee joint during a single-leg stance to increase the patient's ability to weight bear on the affected side and promote symmetric weight bearing. This study has the following hypotheses: (1) the single-leg stance affects weight bearing on the affected side more so than quiet standing, leading to symmetric weight bearing and enhanced gait ability; (2) when knee joint movement is applied in the single-leg stance, the sensory input and muscle activation will be increased more than without this movement, leading to symmetric weight bearing and enhanced gait ability.
- To evaluate the weight bearing and gait ability of the affected side, four conditions were implemented and then measured: (1) quiet standing position, (2) holding the position after shifting the weight to the affected side maximally and voluntarily, (3) raising the unaffected leg and holding the standing position on the affected leg, and (4) repeated flexion/extension movements of the knee joints for 30 s while in a single-leg stance (Figure 1). In the second condition, the time for weight bearing after weight shifting to the affected side was 30 s.
- In this study, four conditions in standing (standing still,maximal voluntary shifting of weight to the affected side and holding for 30 s, single-leg stance on the affected leg for 30 s, and repeatedly flexing/extending the knee joint for 30s while in a single-leg stance on the affected leg) were implemented, and their effects on weight-bearing ability and gait were immediately compared. To measure the weightbearing ability of the affected side and dynamic standing balance, a step test was used. An OptoGait system was used to measure the time of the stance and swing phases during the gait cycle.
대상 데이터
- The subjects were 18 patients (12 men and 6 women) with left hemiplegia who were admitted to H Hospital in Seoul,Korea. The inclusion criteria of this study were as follows:(1) a score of ≥25 on the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), (2) ability to do 10-m independent gait or independent gait with a cane, (3) reduced proprioceptive sense in the affected leg, and (4) absence of musculoskeletal disorders in the lower extremities.
이론/모형
- A paired comparison of each condition in the step test showed that the step count significantly increased in every condition. The step test in this study is the ability to support the weight of the contralateral step test. This is used to measure the ground reaction forces as force plate validity in stroke patients based on the results of previous studies were applied [19].
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