[논문]A Feasibility Study on the Flow Passage Shape for an Inline Francis Hydro Turbine

Chen, Chengcheng; Singh, Patrick Mark; Inagaki, Morihito; Choi, Young-Do

doi:10.5293/kfma.2015.18.2.005

A Feasibility Study on the Flow Passage Shape for an Inline Francis Hydro Turbine 원문보기

한국유체기계학회 논문집 = The KSFM journal of fluid machinery, v.18 no.2, 2015년, pp.5 - 13

Chen, Chengcheng (Graduate School, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mokpo National University) , Singh, Patrick Mark (Graduate School, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mokpo National University) , Inagaki, Morihito (Department of Hydro Generation Engineering, Tokyo Electric Power Company) , Choi, Young-Do (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of New and Renewable Energy Technology Research, Mokpo National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a new type of casing for the inline Francis hydro turbine. Comparing with the traditional turbine with spiral casing, this turbine is unique for its flow passage shape at the first stage of flow to the turbine, very similar to a pipe, called inline casing. Before the commercialization of this new type of casing, a global investigation of the inline casing must be conducted. Preserving the structural characteristics of simple, compact-size and convenient for manufacture, different shapes of the belt passage, vertical corner and stay vanes are applied to investigate the influence of flow passage shape on the turbine performance. Stable and relatively high efficiency is achieved regardless of flow passage shape difference proving the feasibility of the inline casing used in a hydro turbine.

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문제 정의

The applicability of guide vane and runner equipped in inline Francis turbine had been explored in another study^{(2, 3)}. Therefore, this study is focused on the shape of inline casing. The strategy is to apply different shapes of belt passage, vertical corner and stay vane to investigate the variation of performance and internal flow.
This study presents the feasibility analysis of a Francis turbine with inline casing. The inline casing replaces the spiral casing, characterizing the turbine with simple and compact-size property.

제안 방법

In order to investigate the turbine performance in the actual operating condition, the prediction is carried out by fixing the pressure at the turbine inlet and outlet (fixed head=20 m). The overall performance of the turbine with inline casing shape of Case I is presented in Fig.
In this study, all the efficiency is obtained by using the results from steady state calculation, only the torque investigation in Fig. 10 uses the conjoint analysis of steady state and unsteady state calculations. The strategy of torque investigation is firstly to achieve a stable result by using steady state calculation, then to start the unsteady state calculation by applying the result from steady state calculation as the initial condition.
In this study, three turbulence models of SST, k-ω, k-ε were tested with same boundary conditions and numerical methods.
The Cases E, F and H, I are designed with a uniform gradient curved transition which gives soft guidance to the flow, proving by the more uniform pressure decrease. The investigation of different stay vane type is carried out by comparing the pressure distribution of Cases D, E F with cases G, H, I. It shows that the long stay vane promotes the pressure gradient to gradually change when the fluid flows through the vertical corner.
Therefore, this study is focused on the shape of inline casing. The strategy is to apply different shapes of belt passage, vertical corner and stay vane to investigate the variation of performance and internal flow.

이론/모형

For the designer, prediction of operating characteristics is the most important task. This study employs a commercial CFD code of ANSYS CFX⁽⁸⁾ to conduct CFD analysis.

후속연구

The turbulence model test also needs to be carried out to validate the results of this study. In this study, three turbulence models of SST, k-ω, k-ε were tested with same boundary conditions and numerical methods.

참고문헌 (8)

Layton, E. T., 1992, "From Rule of Thumb to Scientific Engineering: James B. Francis and the Invention of the Francis Turbine", NLA Monograph Series
Wei, Q. S. and Choi, Y. D., 2013, "The Influence of Guide Vane Opening on the Internal Flow of a Francis Turbine," Journal of Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 274-281.

원문보기 상세보기
Wei, Q. S., Zhu, B. S. and Choi, Y. D., 2012, "Internal Flow Characteristics in the Draft Tube of a Francis Turbine," Journal of Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 618-626.

원문보기 상세보기
Jingchun, W., Katsunasa, S., Kiyohito, T., Kazuo, N. and Joushirou, S., 2007, "CFD-Based Design Optimization for Hydro Turbines," Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 129, pp. 159-168.

상세보기
Alnaga, A. and Kueny, J. L., 2008, "Optimal Design of Hydraulic Turbine Distributor," WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on FLUID MECHANICS , Issue. 2, Vol. 3, pp. 175-185.
Shukla, M. K. and Jain, R., 2011, "CFD Analysis of 3-D Flow for Francis Turbine," Int. Jour. Mechanical Engineering, Vol, 2, pp. 93-100.
Navthar, R. R., TejasPrasad, J., Saurabh, D., Nitish, D. and Anand, A., 2012, "CFD Analysis of Francis Turbine," International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, pp. 3194-3199.
ANSYS Inc, 2012, "ANSYS CFX Documentation" Ver. 12, http://www.ansys.com

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