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NTIS 바로가기한국과학교육학회지 = Journal of the Korean association for science education, v.35 no.3, 2015년, pp.443 - 453
In this study, we suggested the design thinking process that was possible to be introduced in science education and also examined the validity of the process in terms of group creativity. To do this, the design thinking process applicable to science education was selected from a variety of design th...
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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협력 학습에는 무엇이 강조되어 왔는가? | , 1998; Johnson, Johnson, & Stanne, 2000; Sharan, 1980), 협력 학습을 이루는 주요 원리에 대해서도 대체적인 합의를 이루고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 즉, 협력 학습에서는 일반적으로 긍정적 상호의존, 개인적 책무성, 촉진적 상호작용, 사회적 기술의 적절한 활용, 그리고 집단 처리 과정에 대한 지속적인 점검 등이 강조되어 왔다(Johnson & Johnson, 2009; Johnson, Johnson, & Smith, 2007). 그러나 이와 같은 원리는 일반적인 집단 과제 수행에서 요구되는 요건을 포괄적으로 드러낸 것으로서, 집단 창의성의 구현에 초점을 맞춘 교육적 원리로서는 미흡한 부분이 있는 것으로 판단된다. | |
집단 창의성이란? | 집단 창의성(Group Creativity)이란 자기 정체성을 공유한 집단이 공통의 목표 달성을 위해 유용할 것으로 기대되는 아이디어를 협력적 상호작용을 통해 개발하고 표현하는 과정이다(Nijstad & Paulus, 2003). 개별적 특징을 지닌 집단 구성원들 간의 소통과 협업은 집단의 응집된 사고와 통찰을 이끌어내어 인간의 사고를 더욱 창의적으로 만들 수 있으며, 이와 같은 부분은 집단 창의성의 가치를 간과할 수 없게 하는 요인이 되고 있다(Ha, Lee, & Ryu, 2011). | |
여러 사람들이 함께 협력하여 문제를 해결하는 사례에는 무엇이 있는가? | 최근 우리사회에 어느 한 개인이나 한 분야의 노력만으로는 해결하기 어려운 복잡한 문제들이 등장함에 따라 여러 사람들이 함께 협력하여 문제를 해결하는 사례가 다양한 분야에서 나타나고 있다. 예를 들어, 세계적인 디자인 회사 아이디오(IDEO)나 실리콘밸리의 첨단 기업인 애플 컴퓨터(Apple Computer) 등은 모두 협력에 기초하고 있다(Martin, 2009). 유럽 핵입자 물리학 연구소(CERN)와 같이 고도의 기술력을 가지고 있는 연구소도 수많은 실험실들과 국제적인 협력 관계를 맺으면서 다양한 문제를 해결하고 있다(Sawyer, 2007). 이는 다양한 사람들 간의 장점이 서로 교환됨에 따라 가치 창출을 극대화할 수 있기 때문이며, 이러한 경향은 앞으로도 가속화 될 것으로 전망된다(Lee, 2012; Malone, 2008; Shalley, Zhou, & Oldham, 2004). |
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