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NTIS 바로가기한국융합학회논문지 = Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, v.7 no.6, 2016년, pp.167 - 176
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of attachment across an individual's lifespan. The present study explored how mother attachment in childhood influences adult student's major satisfaction and examined the mediating effect of self-esteem between mother attachment and major s...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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인간 발달을 전생애적 관점에서 본다면 어떻게 나뉘는가? | 영아가 주양육자와의 초기관계에서 형성할 수 있는 가장 의미있는 정서발달과업 중 하나인 애착은 많은 선행연구들을 통해 개인의 발달에 광범위하고도 지속적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀져 왔다. 특히, 인간 발달을 태아기부터 영·유아기, 아동기, 청소년기, 성인기, 중년기, 노년기로 보는 전생애적 관점에서의 애착연구가 시작되면서 애착이 성인기 발달에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자하는 시도가 증가하고 있다. 선행 연구에 따르면 어떤 애착유형을 인생초기에 형성했는가는 성인기에 이르러서도 안정성을 보이며[21], 영유아기에 부모와의 관계에서 형성된 애착관계는 전 인생을 통해 지속되며 타인과의 친밀한 관계를 형성하는 중요한 정서적인 영향력이 있는 것으로 나타났다[33]. | |
성인기 적응에 부모에 대한 애착보다 자아존중감이 더 큰 영향을 미치는것이 시사하는것은? | 이러한 결과는 성인기 적응에 부모에 대한 애착보다는 자아존중감이 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있음을 밝힌 선행연구와 맥을 같이 하고 있다[13, 48]. 이는 아동기에 경험한 부모와의 애착 경험 자체가 성인기 적응에 직접적인 영향을 미친다기보다는, 애착경험을 통해 형성되는 내적작동모델을 통하여 지속적인 영향력을 유지하는 것임을 시사하고 있다. | |
내적작동모델이란 무엇인가? | 생애초기에 형성되는 애착이 성인기에까지 지속적으로 작용하는 과정은 보울비가 제시한 내적작동모델 (internal working model)로 설명할 수 있다. 내적작동모델이란 사회적 관계와 사회적 맥락에 있는 중요한 타인 그리고 자신에 대해 발달하는 내적인 표상으로[25], 생애 초기 영아와 애착대상 사이의 상호작용, 영아 자신의 행동과 이에 대한 피드백을 경험하면서 발달하게 된다[27]. “나는 가치로운 사람인가, 사랑받을만한 자격이 있는 사람인가?”와 “내가 상호작용하는 타인, 즉 애착대상은 신뢰할만하고, 내가 필요할 때 나를 살펴봐줄 수 있는 사람인가?”의 두 측면을 반영하는 내적작동모델은, 자신와 타인 두측면으로 내면화되어 훗날 자신이 세상을 이해하고 본인의 애착에 대한욕구를 충족시키는 방향으로 행동하도록 인지, 정서적 반응을 보인다[28]. |
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