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개인 특성 및 기업가정신이 창업의도에 미치는 영향: 홉스테드 문화특성의 조절 효과를 중심으로
The Effects of Individual Characteristics and Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial Intentions: Moderating effect of Hofstede's Cultures Dimensions 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.11 no.2, 2016년, pp.35 - 48  

오해동 (연세대학교 원주캠퍼스) ,  최지연 (연세대학교 원주캠퍼스) ,  노전표 (연세대학교 원주캠퍼스)

초록
AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

기존 연구를 살펴보면, 창업가의 개인 특성과 기업가정신은 창업의도를 결정하는 중요한 요인이다. 그러나 선행연구에서는 개인적 특성을 집중적으로 다루며, 환경적 특성과 같은 외부적 요인을 간과해 온 경향이 있다. 창업결정에 있어 개인적 성향 뿐 만 아니라, 사회적 환경적 요인이 상당히 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 창업 관련 연구 결과의 공백을 메우고자 홉스테드 문화차원 이론을 적용하여, 개인적 특성과 문화적 특성의 조절효과를 연구하였다. 제시된 연구 모형에서 도출된 가설을 검증하기 위하여 실증분석 하였는데, 총 244개의 데이터를 수집하여 구조방정식 모형분석과 다중집단 비교분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 개인특성(내적통제, 자기효능감)은 기업가정신(자율성, 혁신성, 진취성)에 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 홉스테드 문화특성요인 중 불확실성 회피 성향은 기업가정신과 창업의도와의 인과 관계를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과에 기초하여, 이론적. 실무적 시사점을 제시하면, 첫째, 창업에 있어 진취성이 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이다. 따라서 창업관련 교육기관이나 창업매니저들은 창업가들의 진취성을 함양하는 방식으로 교육 커리큘럼을 운영하고, 이에 따라 훈련할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 창업의도를 정확하게 예측하기 위해서는 환경적 변수와 기타 개인적 변수의 상호작용을 함께 분석하는 것이 바람직하다. 마지막으로, 향후 기업가정신 연구에서는 기존에 제시된 기업가정신의 제 요소들을 포괄하여 요인들 간 상관관계를 종합적으로 분석하고, 정보의 중복 없이 효율적인 방식으로 기업가정신을 재조명할 필요가 있다.

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

Individual characteristics and entrepreneurship are important factors to determine entrepreneurial intentions. Despite this, little attention has been given to external factors, which effects to venture start-up decision. This study examines the relationship between individual characteristics and en...

주제어

질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
자기효능감이란? 자기효능감이란 ‘주어진 목표를 달성하기 위하여 자신의 행동을 효과적으로 조직화하고 실행해 갈 수 있다고 믿는 신념’ 을 말한다(Bandura, 1977). 즉, 주어진 구체적인 과제에 대해 개인의 구체적인 숙련 수준에서 구체적인 과제를 수행해 낼수 있는 개인의 확신을 나타내는 것이다(Gist, 1987).
자기효능감은 어떤 측면을 가지고 있는가? Bandura(1986)는 자기효능감은 “주어진 상황적 요구를 달성하기 위한 동기부여를 준비하고 인지적 자원 및 행동에 대한 자신 능력에 대한 믿음”이라고 언급한다. 자기효능감은 규모, 능력, 보편성이라는 3가지 측면을 가지고 있다. 규모 (Magnitude)는 개인들이 달성할 수 있다고 믿는 과제의 수준이며, 능력(Strength)은 규모에 대한 확신에 대한 강도를 나타낸다.
조기퇴직 및 청년 실업의 급증 현상을 해결하기 위한 방법은 무엇이 있는가? 최근 급변하는 사회 및 산업 환경에 따라 중년층의 조기퇴직 및 청년 실업의 급증 현상은 일부 국가가 아닌 모든 국가 정책의 최우선적인 해결 과제로 부상하고 있다. 따라서 고용창출을 통한 경제의 건전성 확보가 국가적인 정책의 핵심이 되고 있다. 이러한 흐름 속에서, 창업은 실업 및 고용문제를 해결할 수 있는 대안으로 제시 되고 있다.
질의응답 정보가 도움이 되었나요?

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