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NTIS 바로가기보존과학회지 = Journal of conservation science, v.32 no.3, 2016년, pp.437 - 448
전지구적으로 일어나는 기후변화에 대응하기 위해 20세기 말부터 선진국을 중심으로 기후변화에 의한 문화유산 취약성 평가와 대책 연구가 활발히 이루어져 관련 연구방법이 정립되고 방대한 기후자료와 손상예측 자료가 축적되었다. 우리나라는 관련된 정책연구가 다수 수행된 반면 여전히 과학적인 근거자료를 확보해야 하는 당면 과제가 남아있다. 한반도 미래 기후자료를 반영한 국내 석조유산의 미래 손상양상은 물리적, 화학적 및 생물학적 풍화 측면에서 복합적으로 변화할 가능성이 높으며, 이는 문화유산 보존 분야의 산업과 행정관리에도 영향을 미칠 것으로 전망된다. 앞으로 기후변화에 의한 석조유산의 영향 연구는 지역과 자료주기의 다운스케일을 통해 정밀화된 방향으로 진행되어야 한다. 이를 통해 손상유형과 지역별로 미래 환경에 취약한 석조유산을 가려내고 대응방안을 마련하는 것이 필요하다.
Studies on vulnerability of cultural heritage and adaptation strategy to worldwide climate change have been actively carried out in advanced countries since the late 20th century, and this established a valid research methodology and piled up climate and deterioration dataset in the field of climate...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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우리나라 기후구의 변화로 예상되는 것은? | 기후변화는 지구온난화현상, 즉 기온 상승을 내포하는 말로써 그 영향은 대표적으로 기후구의 변화를 가져온다. 우리나라의 경우 오늘날 제주와 전남 일부 지역만 포함되던 아열대 기후구가 해가 갈수록 북방 경계선이 점차 북상하면서 미래(2100년)에는 주요 산지를 제외한 내륙 지역까지 확대될 것이라 한다(National Institute of Meteorological Research, 2009). 이는 동식물 생태계에 직접적인 영향을 미쳐 목조문화재 가해 생물인 흰개미에 의한 피해 지역의 확장과 소나무 식생지역의 축소로 인한 복원수 감소로 이어진다. | |
온실가스에 대한 전망은? | 최근 각종 매체를 통해 ‘기후변화’라는 말을 어렵지 않게 들을 수 있다. 지난 50년간 산업화와 인간활동의 결과로 발생한 온실가스는 산업화 이전의 2만년 보다 훨씬 빠른 속도로 지구온난화를 일으키고 있고 앞으로도 최소 100~200년간 그 영향이 지속될 것이라 전망되고 있다(Solomon et al., 2007; Korea Environmental Institute, 2010). | |
페루의 찬찬 유적이 겪은 이상기후 피해는? | 문화유산 분야도 예외가 아니다. 국제연합교육과학문화기구(UNESCO)에 따르면 세계유산인 페루의 찬찬 유적 (9~15세기)은 빈번해진 엘니뇨현상으로 1997년부터 1998년 사이에 평년의 30배(3,000 mm)에 달하는 폭우가 내려 토제 성벽이 붕괴되고 지하수위의 급격한 상승으로 염성분이 유입되면서 유적 전체에 심각한 염풍화를 일으켰다 (UNESCO, 2007)(Figure 1A). 뿐만 아니라 이탈리아 베니스역사지구는 20세기 이후 지하수면 상승이 가속화되어 도시 유적지의 침수면적이 점차 확대되고 있다(UNESCO, 2007)(Figure 1B). |
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