[논문]말소리지각에 대한 종설: 음성공학과의 융복합을 위한 첫 단계

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doi:10.14400/jdc.2017.15.12.509

말소리지각에 대한 종설: 음성공학과의 융복합을 위한 첫 단계
A review of speech perception: The first step for convergence on speech engineering 원문보기

디지털융복합연구 = Journal of digital convergence, v.15 no.12, 2017년, pp.509 - 516

초록
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사람들은 항상 사건들과 접하고 말소리 지각과 같은 사건을 지각하는데 별 어려움이 없다. 생물학적 운동의 지각과 마찬가지로, 말소리 지각에 대한 두 이론이 논쟁해 왔다. 이 논문의 목적은 말소리 지각에 대해 설명하고 말소리 지각에 대한 운동이론과 직접지각 이론을 비교하는 것이다. 운동이론학자들은 인간은 운동신경의 명령에 의해 말소리를 지각하고 생성해 내기 때문에 인간은 말소리 지각에 있어서 특별한 감각을 가지고 있다고 주장해 왔다. 하지만, 직접지각 이론학자들은 말소리 지각은 여느 다른 소리를 지각하는 것과 다르지 않다고 제안했다. 왜냐하면, 말소리를 지각하는 것은 다른 모든 사건을 지각하는 것과 마찬가지로 필요한 정보를 직접 탐지하면 되기 때문이다. 음성공학과의 융합에 있어서 이러한 인간의 기본적인 말소리 지각 능력을 먼저 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 이러한 말소리 지각에 대한 기본적인 이해는 인공 지능, 음성 인식 기술, 음성 인식 시스템 등에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

People observe a lot of events in our environment and we do not have any difficulty to perceive events including speech perception. Like perception of biological motion, two main theorists have debated on speech perception. The purpose of this review article is to briefly describe speech perception and compare these two theories of speech perception. Motor theorists claim that speech perception is special to human because we both produce and perceive articulatory events that are processed by innate neuromotor commands. However, direct perception theorists claim that speech perception is not different from nonspeech perception because we only need to detect information directly like all other kinds of event. It is important to grasp the fundamental idea of how human perceive articulatory events for the convergence on speech engineering. Thus, this basic review of speech perception is expected to be able to used for AI, voice recognition technology, speech recognition system, etc.

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가설 설정

, downward sloping part of each track) was covered with sandpaper to make the sound in phase 2 distinctively as the steel ball rolled onto the flat (or upward slope) from the downward sloping part of the track. Observers were asked to judge whether the downward sloping part of each track (the phase 1 part) is steep or shallow.
That is, perception of speech sounds is perception of a specific pattern in intended phonetic gestures. Second, since same mechanism is used both for speech perception and speech production, they must be internal and innate. To perceive speech sounds is linked to phonetic gestures depending on vocal-tract shapes, articulatory movements.
Thus, observers can discriminate nonspeech stimuli if they use only the relative onset time. three stimuli were presented and observers were asked to decide whether the third stimulus was same as other two stimuli. The results showed that observers performed much poorly to discriminate nonspeech sounds compared to speech sounds.

성능/효과

The main difference between two theories, however, is two-folds. First, motor theorists claim that speech perception is invariant because speech perception is processed by neuromotor commands, while direct perception theorists claim that speech perception is processed by simply detecting the relevant information. Second, motor theorists claim that perceiving speech sounds special in which it is different from perceiving nonspeech sounds, whereas direct perception theorists claim that perceiving speech events is not distinguished from perceiving nonspeech events.
For instance, a longer vowel will produce shorter formant transitions and thus, the stimulus would be identified more as stop sounds. In both studies, the results showed that frequency transition duration was an effective cue to distinguish not only speech sounds, stops and glides, but nonspeech sounds, abrupt and gradual onsets. That is, distinction of speech stimuli was not different from that of nonspeech stimuli on the basis of transition duration.

후속연구

Especially, speech production and as well as voice recognition or speech perception are inevitable to interaction between AI and humans. Thus, we need to understand basic mechanisms how we perceive speech sounds and it is expected that this review could be used to extend the researches related to AI and speech engineering in future.

참고문헌 (27)

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원문보기 상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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말소리지각에 대한 종설: 음성공학과의 융복합을 위한 첫 단계
A review of speech perception: The first step for convergence on speech engineering 원문보기

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말소리지각에 대한 종설: 음성공학과의 융복합을 위한 첫 단계 A review of speech perception: The first step for convergence on speech engineering 원문보기

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말소리지각에 대한 종설: 음성공학과의 융복합을 위한 첫 단계
A review of speech perception: The first step for convergence on speech engineering 원문보기

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