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소아청소년정신의학 = Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, v.28 no.2, 2017년, pp.46 - 57
김은진 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실) , 김윤신 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실) , 서완석 (영남대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실) , 이소희 (국립중앙의료원 정신건강의학과) , 박은진 (인제대학교 의과대학 일산백병원 정신건강의학교실) , 배승민 (가천대학교 의과대학 길병원 정신건강의학교실) , 신동원 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실)
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder that can affect individuals across their lifespan. It is characterized by the core symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. ADHD develops as a result of the complex interplay between genetic and environme...
| 핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
|---|---|---|
| 실행기능이란 무엇인가 | 실행기능은 주로 전전두엽(prefrontal cortex)에 의해 지원되는 일련의 인지적 통제 과정으로, 전전두엽은 하위 수준의 프로세스인 지각(perception), 운동 반응(motor response)을 조절하여 목표를 향한 자기 조절(self-regulation) 및 자기 주도적 행동(self-directed behavior)을 하게 하고, 습관에서 벗어나게 하며, 의사결정을 내리고 위험을 평가하고 미래를 위한 계획을 세우며 행동의 우선순위를 정하고 새로운 상황에 대처하도록 한다.29) 실행기능은 주의력(attention), 추론(reasoning), 계획(planning), 억제(inhibition), 주의전환(set-shifting), 간섭 조절(interference control), 작업 기억(working memory)으로 구성된다. | |
| 실행기능은 무엇으로 구성되는가 | 실행기능은 주로 전전두엽(prefrontal cortex)에 의해 지원되는 일련의 인지적 통제 과정으로, 전전두엽은 하위 수준의 프로세스인 지각(perception), 운동 반응(motor response)을 조절하여 목표를 향한 자기 조절(self-regulation) 및 자기 주도적 행동(self-directed behavior)을 하게 하고, 습관에서 벗어나게 하며, 의사결정을 내리고 위험을 평가하고 미래를 위한 계획을 세우며 행동의 우선순위를 정하고 새로운 상황에 대처하도록 한다.29) 실행기능은 주의력(attention), 추론(reasoning), 계획(planning), 억제(inhibition), 주의전환(set-shifting), 간섭 조절(interference control), 작업 기억(working memory)으로 구성된다.30) ADHD에서 실행기능의 결함은 이미 많은 연구를 통해 반복적으로 입증되었으며,31) ADHD의 기능 장애 및 증상 이 실행기능의 결함에서 발생된다고 보고되었다. | |
| ADHD는 실행기능 중 어떤 영역에서 중대한 장애가 있는가 | 30) ADHD에서 실행기능의 결함은 이미 많은 연구를 통해 반복적으로 입증되었으며,31) ADHD의 기능 장애 및 증상 이 실행기능의 결함에서 발생된다고 보고되었다.32) 특히 작업 기억(working memory), 반응 억제(response inhibition), 경계(vigilance), 계획하기(planning) 등의 실행기능 영역에서 중 대한 장애가 있는 것으로 관찰되었다.32) 또한 Miller 등33)은 ADHD 환자에서 실행기능의 장애는 오랜 기간 동안 안정적으로 지속된다고 보고하였다. |
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