최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기멤브레인 = Membrane Journal, v.27 no.2, 2017년, pp.109 - 120
황진표 (단국대학교 융합기술대학 에너지공학과) , 이창현 (단국대학교 융합기술대학 에너지공학과) , 정연태 (한전전력연구원 창의미래연구소)
The reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an energy generation system to convert chemical potential of saline water directly into electric energy via the combination of current derived from a redox couple electrolyte and ionic potential obtained when cation (주제어
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
염분차발전의 정의는? | 이러한 원인으로 인해 자연에서 얻어지는 청정에너지를 이용한 재생 가능하고 지속 가능한 에너지 전환 기술에 대한 중요성이 널리 인식되고 있다. 이 중 염분차발전은 해수와 담수의 화학적 에너지를 전기 에너지로 직접 변환시켜, 시간 및 기상조건 등에 제한이 없이 전력생산을 지속적으로 가능케 할 수 있는 기술로 정의된다[1-4]. 염분차발전의 이론적인 에너지발생량은 2. | |
PRO방식이 전기에너지를 생산하는 원리는? | 대표적인 염분차발전 기술은 핵심소재로서 분리막을 사용하는 압력지연삼투(pressure retarded osmosis, PRO)와 역전기투석(reverse electrodialysis, RED)방식이 있다. PRO방식은 해수와 담수 사이에 위치한 높은 수 투과성 분리막을 통해, 해수의 농도를 낮추기 위해 담수의 확산 이동이 발생하게 되고, 그 결과 발생되는 삼투압에 따른 물의 낙차를 이용하여 터빈을 구동시켜, 운동에너지를 거쳐 전기 에너지를 생산한다. 하지만 고압설비와 터빈 등이 필요하고, 막 오염에 따른 내구성 저하 등의 단점이 발생한다[8,9]. | |
빠른 이온교환을 위해 RED 이온교환막에 요구되는 조건은? | 그러나 RED 시스템에서 이온교환막은 상온에서 구동되는 조건이고 특별한 산 또는 염기 반응을 하지 않으며, 유량에 따른 수압도 비교적 높지 않아서 열적 안정성, 화학적 안정성, 기계적 내구성은 RED 이온교환막의 요구조건으로 크게 부각되지는 않는다. RED는 빠른 이온교환을 통해 발전하는 시스템이므로 1) 높은 이온전도도, 2) 이온교환막의 낮은 내부저항, 3) 우수한 수치안정성, 4) 높은 이온선택성을 요구한다. |
H. Strathmann, "Ion-exchange membrane separation processes", Elsevier, Amsterdam (2004).
P. Dlugolecki, K. Nymeijer, S. Metz, and M. Wessling, "Current status of ion exchange membranes for power generation from salinity gradients", J. Membr. Sci., 319, 214 (2008).
G. L. Wick, "Power from salinity gradients", Energy, 3, 95 (1978).
J. Veerman, M. Saakes, S. J. Metz, and G. J. Harmsen, "Reverse electrodialysis: performance of a stack with 50 cells on the mixing of sea and river water", J. Membr. Sci., 327, 136 (2009).
R. E. Pattle, "Production of electric power by mixing fresh and salt water in the hydroelectric pile," Nature, 174, 660 (1954).
G. L. Wick and W. R. Schmitt, "Prospects for renewable energy from sea," Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 11, 16 (1977).
J. W. Post, H. V. Hamelers, and C. J. N. Buisman, "Energy recovery from controlled mixing salt and fresh water with a reverse electro-dialysis system," Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 5785 (2008).
K. L. Lee, R. W. Baker, and H. K. Lonsdale, "Membranes for power generation by pressure-retarded osmosis," J. Membr. Sci., 8, 141 (1981).
E. Brauns, "Towards a worldwide sustainable and simultaneous large scale production of renewable energy and potable water through salinity gradient power by combining reversed electrodialysis and solar power", Desalination, 219, 312 (2008).
E. Brauns, "Salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: Effect of model parameters on electrical power output", Desalination, 237, 378 (2009).
J. N. Weinstein and F. B. Leitz, "Electric power from differences in salinity: The dialytic battery", Science, 191, 557 (1976).
F. Suda, T. Matsuo, and D. Ushioda, "Transient changes in the power output from the concentration difference cell (dialytic battery) between seawater and river water", Energy, 32, 165 (2007).
J. Jagur-Grodzinski and R. Kramer, "Novel process for direct conversion of free energy of mixing into electric power", Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 25, 443 (1986).
G. Lagger, H. Jensen, J. Josserand, and H. H. Girault, "Hydro-voltaic cells: Part 1. concentration cells", J. Electroanal. Chem., 545, 1 (2003).
J. W. Post, J. Veerman, H. V. M. Hamelers, G. J. W Euverink, S. J. Metz, K. Nymeijer, and C. J. N. Buisman, "Salinity-gradient power: Evaluation of pressure-retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis", J. Membr. Sci., 288, 218 (2007).
M. Turek and B. Bandura, "Renewable energy by reverse electrodialysis", Desalination, 205, 67 (2007).
X. Tongwen and Y. Weihua, "Fundamental studies of a new series of anion exchange membranes: membrane preparation and characterization", J. Membr. Sci., 190, 159 (2001).
P. Dlugolecki, P. Ogonowski, S. J. Metz, M. Saakes, K. Nijmeijer, and M. Wessling, "On the resistances of membrane, diffusion boundary layer and double layer in ion exchange membrane transport", J. Membr. Sci., 349, 369 (2010).
P. Xing, G. P. Robertson, M. D. Guiver, S. D Mikhailenko, K. Wang, and S. Kaliaguine, "Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for proton exchange membranes", J. Membr. Sci., 229, 95 (2004).
R. E. Lacey, "Energy by reverse electrodialysis", Ocean Eng., 7, 1 (1980).
B. E. Logan and M. Elimelech, "Membrane-based processes for sustainable power generation using water", Nature, 488, 313 (2012).
M. Elimelech and W. A. Phillip, "The future of sea water desalination: energy, technology, and the environment", Science, 333, 712 (2011).
R. K. Nagarale, G. S. Gohil, and V. K. Shahi, "Recent developments on ion-exchange membranes and electro-membrane processes", Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 119, 97 (2006).
N. P. Brandon, S. Skinner, and B. C. H. Steele, "Recent advances in materials for fuel cells", Annu. Rev. Mater. Res., 33, 183 (2003).
T. Sata, Ion Exchange Membranes: Preparation, Characterization, Modification and Application, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, (2004).
J. Veerman, R. M. de Jong, M. Saakes, S. J. Metz, and G. J. Harmsen, "Reverse electrodialysis: comparison of six commercial membrane pairs on the thermodynamic efficiency and power density", J. Membr. Sci., 343, 7 (2009).
H. Strathmann, "Ion exchange membrane separation processes, in: Membrane Science and Technology Series", pp. 348, Science Direct, Amsterdam, Boston (2004).
E. Guler, Y. L. Zhang, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Tailor-made anion-exchange membranes for salinity gradient power generation using reverse electrodialysis", Chemsuschem, 5, 2262 (2012).
F. Helfer, C. Lemckert, and Y. G. Anissimov, "Osmotic power with pressure retarded osmosis: theory, performance and trends - a review", J. Membr. Sci., 453, 337 (2014).
S. Koter, P. Piotrowski, and J. Kerres, "Comparative investigations of ion-exchange membranes", J. Membr. Sci., 153, 83 (1999).
H. Strathmann, A. Grabowski, and G. Eigenberger, "Ion-exchange membranes in the chemical process industry", Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52, 10364 (2013).
G. M. Geise, M. A. Hickner, and B. E. Logan, "Ionic resistance and permselectivity tradeoffs in anion exchange membranes", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 5, 10294 (2013).
S. Nouri, L. Dammak, G. Bulvestre, and B. Auclair, "Comparison of three methods for the determination of the electrical conductivity of ion-exchange polymers", Eur. Polymer. J., 38, 1907 (2002).
T. J. Cho, "Prospect of Water Treatment Technology by Ion Exchange Membrane", KONETIC (2014).
D. A. Vermaas, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Doubled power density from salinity gradients at reduced intermembrane distance", Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 7089 (2011).
F. Suda, T. Matsuo, and D. Ushioda, "Transient changes in the power output from the concentration difference cell (dialytic battery) between sea water and river water", Energy, 32, 165 (2007).
E. Brauns, "Salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: Effect of model parameters on electrical power output", Desalination 237, 378 (2009).
E. Brauns, "Towards a worldwide sustainable and simultaneous large-scale production of renewable energy and potable water through salinity gradient power by combining reversed electrodialysis and solar power?", Desalination, 219, 312 (2008).
D. A. Vermaas, J. Veerman, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Influence of multivalent ions on renewable energy generation in reverse electrodialysis", Energy Environ. Sci., 7, 1434 (2014).
M. Zhang, H. K. Kim, E. Chalkova, F. Mark, S. N. Lvov, and T. M. Chung, "New polyethylene based anion exchange membranes (PE-AEMs) with high ionic conductivity", Macromolecules, 44, 5937 (2011).
T. W. Xu, "Ion exchange membranes: State of their development and perspective", J. Membr. Sci., 263, 1 (2005).
R. S. L. Yee, R. A. Rozendal, K. Zhang, and B. P. Ladewig, "Cost effective cation exchange membranes: A review, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 90, 950 (2012).
E. Guler, R. Elizen, D. Vermaas, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Performance-determining membrane properties in reverse electrodialysis", J. Membr. Sci., 446, 266 (2013).
K. Matsui, E. Tobita, K. Sugimoto, K. Kondo, T. Seita, and A. Akimoto, "Novel anion exchange membranes having fluorocarbon backbone: Preparation and stability", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 32, 4137 (1986).
D. S. Kim, C. H. Fujimoto, M. R. Hibbs, A. Labouriau, Y.-K. Choe, and Y. S. Kim, "Resonance stabilized perfluorinated ionomers for alkaline membrane fuel cells", Macromolecules, 46, 7826 (2013).
J. G. Hong and Y. Chen, "Nanocomposite reverse electrodialysis (RED) ion-exchange membranes for salinity gradient power generation", J. Membr. Sci., 460, 139 (2014).
E. Guler, R. Elizen, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Micro-structured membranes for electricity generation by reverse electrodialysis", J. Membr. Sci., 458, 136 (2014).
P. Dlugolecki, A. Gambier, K. Nijmeijer, and M. Wessling, "Practical potential of reverse electrodialysis as process for sustainable energy generation", Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 6888 (2009).
A. Elattar, A. Elmidaoui, N. Pismenskaia, C. Gavach, and G. Pourcelly, "Comparison of transport properties of monovalent anions through anion-exchange membranes", J. Membr. Sci., 143, 249 (1998).
J. Veerman, R. DeJong, M. Saakes, S. Metz, and G. Harmsen, "Reverse electrodialysis: comparison of six commercial membrane pairs on the thermodynamic efficiency and power density", J. Membr. Sci., 343, 7 (2009).
R. Audinos, "Inverse electrodialysis. Study of electric energy obtained starting with two solutions of different salinity", J. Power Sources, 10, 203 (1983).
J. Veerman, J. W. Post, M. Saakes, S. J. Metz, and G. J. Harmsen, "Reducing power losses caused by ionic shortcut currents in reverse electrodialysis stacks by a validated model", J. Membr. Sci., 310, 418 (2008).
D. A. Vermaas, M. Saakes, and K. Nijmeijer, "Enhanced mixing in the diffusive boundary layer for energy generation in reverse electrodialysis", J. Membr. Sci., 453, 312 (2014).
P. Dlugolecki, J. Dabrowska, K. Nijmeijer, and M. Wessling, "Ion conductive spacers for increased power generation in reverse electrodialysis", J. Membr. Sci., 347, 101 (2010).
D, H, Kim and M, S, Kang, "Preparation and characterizations of ionomer-coated pore-filled ionexchange membranes for reverse electrodialysis", Membr. J., 26, 43 (2010).
S. M. Hosseini, A. Gholami, S. S. Madaeni, A. R. Moghadassi, and A. R. Hamidi, "Fabrication of (polyvinylchloride/celluloseacetate) electrodialysis heterogeneous cation exchange membrane: characterization and performance in desalination process", Desalination, 306, 51 (2012).
M. Arsalan, M. M. A. Khan, and Rafiuddin, "A comparative study of theoretical, electrochemical and ionic transport through PVC based $Cu_3(PO_4)_2$ and polystyrene supported $Ni_3(PO_4)_2 $ composite ion exchange porous membranes", Desalination, 318, 97 (2013).
S. C. Georgea, M. knorgen, and S. Thomas, "Effect of nature and extent of crosslinking on swelling and mechanical behavior of styrene- butadiene rubber membranes", J. Membr. Sci., 163, 1 (1999).
S. P. Kim, B. K. Kim, H. M. Lee, J. W. Rhim, and S. I. Jeong, "Studies on the preparation of anion exchange membrane through blending of the poly(ethylenimine) and the poly(vinyl alcohol)", Membr. J., 20, 335 (2010).
J. Hu, C. X. Zhang, J. Cong, H. Toyoda, M. Nagatsu, and Y. D. Meng, "Plasma-grafted alkaline anion-exchange membranes based on polyvinyl chloride for potential application in direct alcohol fuel cell", J. Power Sources, 196, 4483 (2011).
J. G. Hong, B. Zhang, S. Glabman, N. Uzal, X. Dou, H. Zhang, X. Wei, and Y. S. Chen, "Potential ion exchange membranes and system performance in reverse electrodialysis for power generation: A review", J. Membr. Sci., 486, 71 (2015).
S. Pawlowskia, T. Rijnaartsb, M. Saakes, K. Nijmeijer, J. G. Crespoa, and S. Velizarova, "Improved fluid mixing and power density in reverse electrodialysis stacks with chevron-profiled membranes", J. Membr. Sci., 531, 111 (2017).
*원문 PDF 파일 및 링크정보가 존재하지 않을 경우 KISTI DDS 시스템에서 제공하는 원문복사서비스를 사용할 수 있습니다.
오픈액세스 학술지에 출판된 논문
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.