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NTIS 바로가기공업화학 = Applied chemistry for engineering, v.28 no.4, 2017년, pp.397 - 403
김수희 (경북대학교 자연과학대학 화학과 및 청정나노소재 연구소) , 이상혁 (경북대학교 자연과학대학 화학과 및 청정나노소재 연구소) , 이혜진 (경북대학교 자연과학대학 화학과 및 청정나노소재 연구소)
The number of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease is increasing year after year and almost approaching 15% of the total elderly population. Although it is critical to detect the early stage of Alzheimer's disease, which is a serious illness causing cognitive deficits, various existing diagno...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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알츠하이머 질병이 뇌세포에 미치는 영향은? | 이것은 뇌세포 손상에 의해서 발생하게 되고 이런 손상은 뇌세포 간의 소통 능력을 방해하게 된다[1]. 알츠하이머 질병은 만성적 신경퇴형성 질환이며 뇌세포 내부와 외부에 있는 특정 단백질의 수치가 높아져 뇌세포가 건강을 유지하고 서로 소통하는 것을 어렵게 하고, 그중 학습 및 기억의 중심인 해마의 뇌세포를 가장 먼저 손상시키기 때문에 기억력 상실은 알츠하이머 질병의 대표적 초기 증상 중 하나라고 할 수 있다[2]. 알츠하이머 질병은 나이와 유전 및 심혈관성 요인으로 나뉠 수 있는데 그중 심혈관성 요인은 뇌세포에 필수적인 영양분의 공급을 어렵게 만들어 뇌기능 저하 속도를 높이거나 뇌손상을 더 심화시킨다[1,3]. | |
칩 기반의 바이오센서의 리간드와 센싱 기술로는 무엇이 활용되고 있는가? | 칩 기반의 바이오센서는 주로 타겟이 되는 생물질과 선택 특이적으로 결합하는 바이오리셉터(또는 리간드)를 칩 표면에 고정한 다음, 타겟 생물질과 반응시켜 서로간의 특이적 결합으로 발생될 때 나타나는 신호 변화를 측정하는데 기반을 두고 있다. 표면에 고정하는 리간드로는 핵산, 항체, 펩타이드, 단백질 및 세포용해물과 같은 다양한 생물질이 활용되고 있으며[8], 보편적인 센싱 기술로는 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 전기화학 센서, 표면 플라즈몬 공명법(surface plasmon resonance, SPR)을 포함한 다양한 광학 센서 등을 들 수 있다[9-11]. Figure 1에 각 센싱 기반의 간략한 모식도를 나타내었다. | |
알츠하이머 질병 진단하는 기존 기술은 무엇인가? | 알츠하이머 질병 진단에 사용되어왔던 기존의 기술로는 뇌파분석법, 간이 정신상태 검사(mini mental state examination, MMSE), 뇌 자기 공명촬영(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) 등이 주로 활용되어 왔다[1,4]. 예를 들어 계피와 페인트의 신나 냄새를 구별하지 못하면 알츠하이머 가능성이 높은 것으로 판단하는 방식의 간단한 후각검사법, 환자에게 새로운 소리와 저주파 및 고주파 음을 들려주고 그로부터 300 s 후에 뇌에서 발생되는 유발뇌파를 분석하는 뇌파분석법, 알츠하이머 신경손상으로 발생하는 화학적 변화가 피부에서도 나타남을 이용한 피부검사법, 혈액 속에서 세포가 소통하는데 사용되는 120개의 단백질 중 일부 단백질의 양이 환자에게서 현저히 다르게 나타남을 이용한 혈액검사법 등이 연구되었다. |
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