[논문]다문화 가정 아동의 정서행동적 특성에 영향을 미치는 요인

전혜인; 정평강; 이혜경

doi:10.5392/jkca.2017.17.10.149

다문화 가정 아동의 정서행동적 특성에 영향을 미치는 요인
Factors Influencing Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics of Children in Multicultural Families 원문보기

한국콘텐츠학회논문지 = The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, v.17 no.10, 2017년, pp.149 - 160

전혜인 (건양대학교 초등특수교육과) , 정평강 (이화여자대학교 특수교육과) , 이혜경 (건양대학교 사회복지학과)

초록
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본 연구의 목적은 다문화 가정 자녀들의 정서행동 특성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 주요 요인으로 인구사회학적 특성과 심리적 특성을 포함하였다. 조사대상자는 결혼이민여성 200명을 대상으로 하였으며 이중 148명을 분석하였다. 연구결과 이들 아동의 정서행동적 특성은 어머니의 연령과 가구소득과 유의미한 관련을 나타냈다. 또한 결혼이주여성의 문화적응스트레스는 자녀들의 전반적 행동특성에 유의미한 관계를 나타냈다. 마지막으로 결혼이주여성이 높은 수준의 문화적 스트레스를 경험하고, 자녀가 연령이 높을수록 내면화된 문제행동을 나타냈다. 또한 결혼이주여성의 한국어 능력과 결혼만족도 역시 자녀의 내면화된 문제와 외현화된 문제영역에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 다문화 가정 아동의 정서행동 문제의 예방 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 실천적 제안을 논의하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing emotional and behavior characteristics among children in multicultural families. The factors include demographic and psychological characteristics of married immigrant women. Surveys were distributed to 200 married immigrant women and, 148 surveys were returned and analyzed. The findings are as follows: first, emotional and behavioral characteristics of children were significantly associated with the age of their mothers and household income. Second, acculturative stress in married immigrant women was significantly related to the overall behavior characteristics of their children. Third, children whose mothers experienced a higher level of acculturative stress and were of older age showed internalizing problems. The level of Korean language proficiency and marital satisfaction were also important factors influencing sub-categories of internalizing and externalizing problems aside from acculturative stress. Implications and suggestions to develop preventative programs for emotional and behavioral problems of children in multicultural families are discussed.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

표 Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants (N=148)
표 Table 2. Emotional and behavioral characteristics of children depending on socio-demographic characteristics of married immigrant women
표 Table 3. Correlations between psychosocial characteristics of married immigrant women and emotional and behavioral problems of their children
표 Table 4. Factors influencing emotional and behavioral characteristics: Internalizing problems
표 Table 5. Factors influencing sub-categories of internalizing problems
표 Table 6. Factors influencing children's externalizing problems
표 Table 7. Factors influencing sub-categories of externalizing problems

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문제 정의

The purpose of this study was to examine important factors influencing the emotional and behavioral characteristics of students in multicultural families in the context of an increasing population of married immigrant women in Korea. Through collaborative work with the Korean Multicultural Family Support Center and community social service centers in Chungnam and Daejeon areas, 200 total surveys were distributed and 148 surveys were analyzed.

제안 방법

Acculturative stress was measured by the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Student(ASSIS), which was translated into Korean by Lee[29]. Items were modified to consider the characteristics of study participants. The scale had 15 items and higher scores indicated higher acculturative stress.
Reference[26] examined the effects of mothers’ parenting stress and acculturative stress on maladjustment behaviors of children in multicultural families in Korea. The author explored overall characteristics of maladjustment behaviors by two categories: internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Specific and detailed characteristics of maladjustment behaviors by each category, however, were not examined.
The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing emotional and behavioral characteristics of children in multicultural families in terms of general characteristics and specific characteristics within two subcategories: internalizing and externalizing problems. Participants were married immigrant women in multicultural families who have 4 to 18-year-old children in Chungnam and Daejeon areas.
The survey consisted of a set of general questions to examine socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and specific questions to examine marital satisfaction, acculturative stress, and emotional and behavioral characteristics of their children.

대상 데이터

Otherwise, respondents filled out surveys themselves. A total of 200 surveys were distributed and 170 were returned. All subjects participated voluntarily.
All participants provided informed consent. Due to incomplete responses or the incompatible ages of children in multicultural families, 22 surveys were excluded and 148 surveys were analyzed in total.
Participants included married immigrant women with children between 4-18 years of age in Chungnam and Daejeon areas. Surveys were conducted through the Korean Multicultural Family Support Center and community social service center from October 1, 2011 to February 20, 2012.
Participants included married immigrant women with children between 4-18 years of age in Chungnam and Daejeon areas. Surveys were conducted through the Korean Multicultural Family Support Center and community social service center from October 1, 2011 to February 20, 2012. If respondents were not able to complete the survey, assistants in the agencies helped them to respond to the surveys.
The purpose of this study was to examine important factors influencing the emotional and behavioral characteristics of students in multicultural families in the context of an increasing population of married immigrant women in Korea. Through collaborative work with the Korean Multicultural Family Support Center and community social service centers in Chungnam and Daejeon areas, 200 total surveys were distributed and 148 surveys were analyzed. The findings and implications derived from this study are as follows.

데이터처리

Socio-demographic characteristics of participants in the study were examined using frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, and the reliability of all measures was examined through Cronbach’s α coefficients.
To examine significant differences on psychosocial characteristics of children in multicultural families depending on socio-demographic characteristics of married immigrant women, t-test and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used. The effects of psychosocial characteristics on emotional and behavioral characteristics of children in multicultural families were examined using a multiple regression analysis.
To examine significant differences on psychosocial characteristics of children in multicultural families depending on socio-demographic characteristics of married immigrant women, t-test and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used. The effects of psychosocial characteristics on emotional and behavioral characteristics of children in multicultural families were examined using a multiple regression analysis.

이론/모형

Acculturative stress was measured by the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Student(ASSIS), which was translated into Korean by Lee[29]. Items were modified to consider the characteristics of study participants.
In order to examine clinical characteristics, the Korean Version of the Child Behavior Check List (K-CBCL)[30] was used. For this study, only the scale measuring emotional and behavioral problems was used.

성능/효과

01). All specific types of behavior consisting of internalizing(i.e., withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxiety/depression, social problems, thought problems, and attention problems) and externalizing problems(i.e., delinquent behavior and aggressive behavior) were significantly correlated with the acculturative stress experienced by mothers.
Among the four factors, number of children was the most influential factor(β = .314, p < .01), followed by acculturative stress(β = .277, p < .01), age of participants(β = .216, p < .05), and level of Korean language proficiency(β = -.172, p < .05).
Fifth, children showed more somatic complaints and thought problems (subcategories of internalizing problems) as their mothers had higher acculturative stress, more children, were older and had possessed lower levels of proficiency in Korean language. In the case of withdrawn behaviors and anxiety/depression, children appeared more emotional and had behavioral problems as their mothers experienced higher acculturative stress, had more children, and were older.
First, acculturative stress in married immigrant women highly influenced all emotional and behavioral problems (both internalizing and externalizing problems) and implies that support systems to alleviate acculturative stress are needed. The majority of children in multicultural families in Korea are currently preschool-aged children; however, the number of school-aged children is projected to increase until 2020.
First, significant differences in emotional and behavioral problems were found depending on the age of participants (women) and household income. No difference was found, however, in terms of marriage duration.
Fourth, important factors affecting children’s externalizing problems in order of effect were number of children, acculturative stress, and age of participants.
Second, children’s internalizing problems were significantly associated with the acculturative stress of their mothers.
Sixth, children showed more delinquent behavior as their mothers had more children, were older, had higher acculturative stress, and had lower levels of Korean language skills. For aggressive behavior, the number of children, acculturative stress, marital stress, and the ages of participants were important factors.
Statistically reliable differences were found for both internalizing and externalizing problems depending on their mothers’ age (F = 5.38, F = 4.82 respectively at p < .01), and household income(F=3.18, F=4.41 respectively at p < .01).
MOGEF, Presidential Council on Nation Branding, and the Dong-A Ilbo newspaper conducted a national awareness survey with 1,500 adult males and females in 2011. The results of the survey showed that Korean society struggles to embrace multicultural families. Approximately 76% of the respondents agreed with the statement “The Korean society discriminates against multicultural families” and 78% agreed with the statement “The Korean society discriminates against different races or countries”[4].
The socio-demographic and psychosocial variables significantly explained 15.2% of the variance for withdrawn behaviors, 19.1% of the variance for somatic complaints, 14.1% of the variance for anxiety/depression, 12.0% of the variance for social problems, 17.5% of the variance for thought problems, and 10.0% of the variance for attention problems(p < .01).

후속연구

Thus, findings of this study may reflect experiences and feelings of those mothers in multicultural families, not the children’s. Despite these limitations, this study contributes to the existing literature by examining factors influencing on behavioral and emotional characteristics of children in multicultural families, focusing internalizing and externalizing characteristics, and thus provides foundational information for future research.

참고문헌 (31)

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상세보기
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상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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