Liu, Fan
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
,
Celi, Pietro
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
,
Chauhan, Surinder Singh
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
,
Cottrell, Jeremy James
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
,
Leury, Brian Joseph
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
,
Dunshea, Frank Rowland
(Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne)
Objective: Heat stress (HS) triggers oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in pigs. The objective of this experiment was to study whether a short-term supranutritional amount of dietary vitamin E (VE) can mitigate oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in heat-stressed pigs. Methods: A tota...
Objective: Heat stress (HS) triggers oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in pigs. The objective of this experiment was to study whether a short-term supranutritional amount of dietary vitamin E (VE) can mitigate oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in heat-stressed pigs. Methods: A total of 24 pigs were given either a control diet (17 IU/kg VE) or a high VE (200 IU/kg VE; HiVE) diet for 14 d, then exposed to thermoneutral (TN; $20^{\circ}C$, 45% humidity) or HS ($35^{\circ}C$, 35% to 45% humidity, 8 h daily) conditions for 7 d. Respiration rate and rectal temperature were measured three times daily during the thermal exposure. Blood gas variables and oxidative stress markers were studied in blood samples collected on d 7. Results: Although HiVE diet did not affect the elevated rectal temperature or respiration rate observed during HS, it alleviated (all p<0.05 for diet${\times}$temperature) the loss of blood $CO_2$ partial pressure and bicarbonate, as well as the increase in blood pH in the heat-stressed pigs. The HS reduced (p = 0.003) plasma biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and tended to increase (p = 0.067) advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) in the heat-stressed pigs, suggesting HS triggers oxidative stress. The HiVE diet did not affect plasma BAP or AOPP. Only under TN conditions the HiVE diet reduced the plasma reactive oxygen metabolites (p<0.05 for diet${\times}$temperature). Conclusion: A short-term supplementation with 200 IU/kg VE partially alleviated respiratory alkalosis but did not reduce oxidative stress in heat-stressed pigs.
Objective: Heat stress (HS) triggers oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in pigs. The objective of this experiment was to study whether a short-term supranutritional amount of dietary vitamin E (VE) can mitigate oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in heat-stressed pigs. Methods: A total of 24 pigs were given either a control diet (17 IU/kg VE) or a high VE (200 IU/kg VE; HiVE) diet for 14 d, then exposed to thermoneutral (TN; $20^{\circ}C$, 45% humidity) or HS ($35^{\circ}C$, 35% to 45% humidity, 8 h daily) conditions for 7 d. Respiration rate and rectal temperature were measured three times daily during the thermal exposure. Blood gas variables and oxidative stress markers were studied in blood samples collected on d 7. Results: Although HiVE diet did not affect the elevated rectal temperature or respiration rate observed during HS, it alleviated (all p<0.05 for diet${\times}$temperature) the loss of blood $CO_2$ partial pressure and bicarbonate, as well as the increase in blood pH in the heat-stressed pigs. The HS reduced (p = 0.003) plasma biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and tended to increase (p = 0.067) advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) in the heat-stressed pigs, suggesting HS triggers oxidative stress. The HiVE diet did not affect plasma BAP or AOPP. Only under TN conditions the HiVE diet reduced the plasma reactive oxygen metabolites (p<0.05 for diet${\times}$temperature). Conclusion: A short-term supplementation with 200 IU/kg VE partially alleviated respiratory alkalosis but did not reduce oxidative stress in heat-stressed pigs.
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문제 정의
2 ppm selenium) could not only mitigate oxidative stress, but also effectively ameliorate the respiration rate and respiratory alkalosis in heat-stressed sheep [13], suggesting that a short-term supranutritional antioxidant supplementation effectively mitigate the HS-induced oxidative stress and exhibit a novel function in maintaining acid-base balance. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of supranutritional VE on redox status, and to confirm the novel function of VE in ameliorating respiratory alkalosis in the heat-stressed pigs. It is hypothesized that a short-term supplementation with a supranutritional amount of VE (200 IU/kg) before and during a heat event may mitigate oxidative stress and respiratory alkalosis in pigs subjected to HS.
가설 설정
The hypothesis of this study was that a short-term supranutritional amount of VE (200 IU/kg) supplementation may mitigate impacts of HS on physiological responses, respiratory alkalosis and oxidative stress in pigs. Our data indicated that the VE supplementation used in the present study did not mitigate oxidative stress in heat-stressed pigs, but partially alleviated HS-induced respiratory alkalosis.
제안 방법
All pigs were monitored for physiological signs of HS including respiration rate and rectal temperature three times daily at 09:00 h, 13:00 h, and 16:00 h during the 7-d thermal exposure period. Rectal temperature was measured using an electronic thermometer (Fast-Read, Livingstone Pty Ltd.
Derived reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and thiol groups (SHp) in the heparinized plasma were measured using an integrated analytical system (FREE Carpe Diem, Diacron International, Grosseto, Italy). The ROM assay measures the blood concentration of hydroperoxides, a class of chemical oxidant species belonging to the wider group of ROM, its values were expressed as H2O2 (mg/dL) equivalency.
The experiment followed a 2×2 factorial design which included two dietary treatments and two temperature conditions.
The feed allowance was predicted from anticipated voluntary feed intake of heat-stressed pigs [3]. The pigs were fed at 09:00 h and 17:00 h daily, and the feed refusals were weighed at 09:00 h daily to calculate individual feed intake. Pigs were allowed free access to water via nipple drinkers.
성능/효과
2) Supplied per kg of diet: vitamin A, 1,486 IU; vitamin D3, 297 IU; vitamin E 17.5 IU; vitamin K, 0.4 mg; vitamin B1, 0.6mg; vitamin B2, 2.0 mg; vitamin B6 1.2 mg; vitamin B12 2.0 mg; Niacin, 8.0 mg; pantothenic acid, 6 mg.
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